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Medical Terminology Digestive System > Medical Terminology Digestive System > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Digestive System Flashcards

Notes added to answers are memory aids - not pronunciation

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Ridges found in stomach and palate

A

Rugae

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2
Q

Small bumps containing tastebuds

A

Papillae papi LL ae 2 Ls

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3
Q

Bone and tissue around teeth

A

Periodontium periodont I UM

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4
Q

Gums

A

Gingiva

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5
Q

Natural teeth

A

Dentition

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6
Q

Baby teeth

A

Primary Dentition

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7
Q

Adult permanent teeth

A

Permanent Dentition

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8
Q

Without teeth - after teeth are lost

A

Edentulous eden tu lous

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9
Q

Contact of teeth - chewing surface

A

Occulsion

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10
Q

Abnormal contact of teeth - chewing surfaces

A

Malocculsion

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11
Q

Lid over trachea

A

Epiglottis 2 Ts

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12
Q

Tube that passes food from pharynx to stomach

A

Esophagus esop ha gus don’t forget PH is F sound

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13
Q

Controls flow between esophagus and stomach

A

Lower Esopageal Sphincter

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14
Q

Connects stomach to small intestine

A

Pylorus

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15
Q

Controls flow from stomach to small intestine

A

Pyloric Sphincter

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16
Q

Top part of small intestine

A

Duodenum

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17
Q

Middle part of small intestine

A

Jejunum Je Ju NUM

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18
Q

Lower / longest part of small intestine

A

ileum i L e UM one L

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19
Q

Pouch that connects ileum to colon

A

Cecum

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20
Q

Three colon parts

A

ascending, transverse, descending

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21
Q

end of colon - S shaped

A

Sigmoid colon

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22
Q

Liver functions 3

A

removes glucose, destroys old red blood cells, secretes bile to gallblader

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23
Q

Pigment released by liver when destroying red blood cells

A

Bilirubin Bi L i rubin

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24
Q

Pear shaped organ - concentrates bile

A

Gallblader cholecyst

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25
Q

Digestive and endocrine gland - produces bicarbonate

A

Pancreas

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26
Q

Body’s use of nutrients

A

Metabolism

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27
Q

Build up of body from nutrients

A

Anabolism ism, not ic

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28
Q

Break down of body from lack of nutrients

A

Catabolism cat a bo lism ism, no ic

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29
Q

Chewing in the mouth

A

Mastication

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30
Q

Chewed food being swallowed

A

Bolus

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31
Q

Downward flow of swallowed food

A

Peristalsis peri staL sis stalling=down

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32
Q

Semidigested food moving from stomach to small intestine

A

Chyme

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33
Q

Noise caused by gas in GI

A

Borborygmus borbo rYg mus

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34
Q

Medical practice to control obesity

A

Bariatrics

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35
Q

Dr for stomach and intestines

A

Gastroenterologist

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36
Q

Dr for internal organs

A

Internist

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37
Q

Dentist who corrects teeth alignment

A

Orthodontist

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38
Q

Dentist who treats tissues around teeth

A

Periodontist peri O dontist

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39
Q

Dr for colon, rectum, anus

A

Proctologist

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40
Q

Canker sores

A

Aphthous ulcers “affff” thous “AF THUS ulcer”

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41
Q

Cracks in corner of lips

A

Cheilosis che I L osis

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42
Q

Passing gas

A

Flatulence flat U lence

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43
Q

Cold sores / Fever Blisters

A

Herpes Labialis lab i AL is

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44
Q

Fungus in mouth

A

Stomatomycosis

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45
Q

Bleeding from mouth

A

Stomatorrhagia sto MATO rrhagia

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46
Q

Restriction of mouth opening

A

Trismus tris MUS

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47
Q

Lack of saliva - dry mouth

A

Xerostomia MIA

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48
Q

Grinding of teeth

A

Bruxism brux ism BReaking=BRuxism

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49
Q

Dental tartar - hardened plaque

A

Calculus

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50
Q

Dental tooth decay - cavity

A

Caries cavity carries pain = caries

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51
Q

Soft deposits between teeth

A

Plaque plaQue

52
Q

Bad breath

A

Halitosis

53
Q

Inflamed gum tissue

A

Gingivitis

54
Q

Inflamed gum DISEASE

A

Periodontal disease

55
Q

Difficulty in swallowing

A

Dysphagia dYs phagia

56
Q

Heartburn

A

Pyrosis

57
Q

Swollen veins in esophagus

A

Esophageal Varices var I ces

58
Q

Stomach pertrudes into chest/diaphragm

A

Hiatal hernia hi A tal

59
Q

inflamation of stomach AND small intestine

A

Gastroenteritis

60
Q

Inflamation of the stomach ONLY

A

gastritis no O

61
Q

Excessive stomach juice

A

Gastrorrhea (think “discharge”)

62
Q

Sores in digestive system

A

Peptic ulcers digestive=peptic

63
Q

Wasting away due to weight loss

A

Cachexia ca chex ia

64
Q

Craving non-food

A

Pica

65
Q

Intestine fails to absorb nutrients

A

Malabsorption mal absor P tion

66
Q

Two/three times normal weight

A

Morbid Obesity

67
Q

Swallowing air

A

Aerophagia

68
Q

Indigestion

A

Dyspepsia

69
Q

Vomiting

A

emesis E mE sis

70
Q

Belching

A

Eructation eruc TA tion (think “belches erupt”) (thing “taste”, and add TA)

71
Q

vomiting blood

A

Hematemesis

72
Q

extreme persistent vomiting

A

Hyperemesis hyper emesis

73
Q

Urge to vomit

A

Nausea

74
Q

UPward flow of swallowed food

A

Regurgitation

75
Q

Abnormal pouch or sac in intestine

A

Diverticulum di Ver tic ulum

76
Q

presence of diverticulum (Abnormal pouch or sac in intestine)

A

Diverticulosis

77
Q

Inflamed diverticulum

A

Diverticulitis

78
Q

Inflamed small intestine - from contamination

A

Enteritis enter itis

79
Q

blockage of large intesting

A

Ileus i LE us

80
Q

Spastic Colon condition

A

Irritable Bowel Syndrome IBS

81
Q

Chronic inflamation of colon

A

Ulceritive Colitus

82
Q

Chronic autoimmune disorder that inflames and scars intestine

A

Crohn’s disorder Cr ohn late H

83
Q

Twisted intestine

A

Volvulus

84
Q

Telescoping collapse of intestine upon itself

A

Intussusception Intuss US ception

85
Q

Protrusion of bowel through lower abdominal wall or groin

A

Inguinal hernia

86
Q

Hernia that cuts off blood supply

A

Strangulated hernia

87
Q

Crack in anal skin

A

Anal fissure

88
Q

Inability to control bowel movements

A

Incontinence

89
Q

Black stool - from digested blood in stool

A

Melena MeL E na

90
Q

Inflamation of the liver

A

Hepatitus

91
Q

Enlargement of liver

A

Hepatomegaly hepat O megaly

92
Q

Yellowing of skin from bilirubin

A

Jaundice

93
Q

Degenerative liver disease - scars and fat

A

Cirrhosis Cir rho sis two Rs + H in middle

94
Q

Fluid in peritoneal cavity

A

Ascites as cites

95
Q

Gallblader

A

Cholecyst chole cyst

96
Q

Bile duct

A

Choleang chole ang

97
Q

Inflamation of gallblader

A

Cholecystitis

98
Q

Inflamation of bile duct

A

Choleangitis

99
Q

Pain in gallblader

A

Cholecystalgia

100
Q

Gallstones

A

Cholelithiasis chole LITH i asis

101
Q

Swallowed camera

A

Capsule Endoscopy

102
Q

x-ray of bile duct

A

Choleangiography choleang i ography I in middle

103
Q

edoscopy of upper GI

A

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy esopha go gastro dueo deno scopy

104
Q

Fecal blood test

A

Hemoccult test

105
Q

Exam of colon

A

Colonoscopy includes N

106
Q

Exam of sigmoid colon

A

Sigmoidoscopy no “colon”

107
Q

Medication to prevent vomiting

A

Antiemetic anti E met IC

108
Q

Teeth cleaning

A

Dentalprophylaxis all one word dental pro phy laxis

109
Q

Feeding tube through the nose

A

Nasogastric intubation

110
Q

Process of feeding through IV

A

Parenteral nutrition parent er al add ER

111
Q

Surgery for morbid obesity

A

Bariatric surgery

112
Q

Surgical connection of two tubes

A

Anastomosis ANA STOM osis

113
Q

Surgery to connect stomach and duodenum - to remove pyloric valve

A

Gastroduodenostomy gastro duo den o stomy

114
Q

Surgery to create opening between ileum and outside addom wall

A

Ileostomy i L e ostomy

115
Q

Surgery to create opening between colon and outside addom wall

A

Colostomy no N

116
Q

Surgical removal of rectum

A

Proctectomy proct ectomy

117
Q

Surgical fixing of rectum to adjacent tissue

A

Proctopexy

118
Q

Surgical REPAIR of rectum

A

Proctoplasty

119
Q

Surgical removal of liver

A

Hepatectomy

120
Q

Suturing of liver

A

Hepatorrhaphy

121
Q

Incision to remove gall stones

A

Choledocholithotomy chole DOCHO lith otomy

122
Q

Surgical removal of gallblader

A

Cholecystectomy

123
Q

Disease - contaminated water - loose stool, cramping

A

Amebic Dysentary

124
Q

Disease - food poisoning

A

Botulism

125
Q

Disease - contaminated food/water - severe diarrhea and vomiting

A

Cholera

126
Q

Disease - food contaminated by feces

A

Salmonellosis 2 Ls

127
Q

Disease - food contaminated by carrier

A

Typhpoid fever

Medical Terminology Digestive System (1 decks)

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