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Clinical Medicine > Medical Terminology Condensed > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Condensed Flashcards

1
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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2
Q

cervic/-o

A

neck

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3
Q

thorac/o-

A

chest or thorax

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4
Q

abdomin/o-

A

abdomen

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5
Q

celi/o-

A

abdomen

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6
Q

lepar/o-

A

abdominal wall

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7
Q

lumb/o-

A

lower back, lumbar region

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8
Q

periton, peritone/o-

A

peritoneum

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9
Q

acro

A

extremity, end

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10
Q

brachi/o-

A

arm

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11
Q

dactyl/o-

A

finger, toe

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12
Q

ped/o

A

foot

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13
Q

pod/o-

A

foot

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14
Q

circum

A

around

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15
Q

peri

A

around

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16
Q

intra

A

in, within

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17
Q

epi-

A

on, over

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18
Q

extra-

A

outside

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19
Q

infra-

A

below

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20
Q

sub-

A

below, under

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21
Q

inter-

A

between

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22
Q

juxta-

A

near, beside

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23
Q

para

A

near, beside

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24
Q

retro-

A

backward, behind

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25
Q

supra-

A

above

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26
Q

the muscle that separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity

A

diaphragm

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27
Q

the large serous membrane that lines the abdomino pelvic cavitty and cover the organs with it

A

peritoneum

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28
Q

digit (didgital)

A

finger, toe (didgital=adjective)

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29
Q

the central opening within a tube or hollow organ

A

lumen

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30
Q

os

A

mouth, opening

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31
Q

septum

A

a wall dividing two cavities

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32
Q

sinus

A

a cavity, as within a bone

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33
Q

sphincter

A

a circular muscle that regulates an opening

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34
Q

epigastrum

A

the epigastric region

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35
Q

the base or body of a hollow organ, the area of an organ farthest from its opening

A

fundus

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36
Q

hypochondrium

A

the hypochondriac region (left or right)

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37
Q

meatus

A

passage or opening

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38
Q

orfice

A

the opening of a cavity

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39
Q

frontal/coronal plane

A

divides the body into front and back

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40
Q

saggital plane

A

divides the body into left and right

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41
Q

transverse/horizontal plane

A

divides the body into top and bottom

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42
Q

superior

A

towards the top

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43
Q

inferior

A

towards the bottom

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44
Q

anterior

A

towards the front

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45
Q

posterior

A

towards the back

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46
Q

ventral

A

towards or at the front

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47
Q

dorsal

A

towards or at the back

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48
Q

proximal

A

close to the point of attachment

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49
Q

distal

A

far from the point of attachment

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50
Q

cranial

A

towards the head

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51
Q

caudal

A

towards the tail

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52
Q

medial

A

towards the midline of the body

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53
Q

lateral

A

towards the sides to the body

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54
Q

external

A

closer to the surface of the body

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55
Q

deep

A

closer to the center of the body

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56
Q

right hypochondriac region

A

right side of the abdomen under the ribs

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57
Q

left hypochondriac region

A

left side of abdomen under the ribs

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58
Q

epigastric region

A

center of the upper abdomen

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59
Q

left lumbar region

A

left side of the abdomen in front of the lumbar spine

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60
Q

right lumbar region

A

right side of abdomen in front of the lumbar spine

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61
Q

umbilical region

A

center of the abdomen at the umbilicus

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62
Q

left iliac region

A

left side of the abdomen in front of the iliac

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63
Q

right iliac region

A

right side of the abdomen in front of the pelvic region

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64
Q

ventral cavity

A

body cavity that includes the entire front of the body

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65
Q

dorsal cavity

A

body cavity that includes entire back of the body

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66
Q

thoracic cavity

A

body cavity that includes the organs of the chest

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67
Q

abdominal cavity

A

body cavity that includes the organs of the abdomen

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68
Q

pelvic cavity

A

body cavity that includes the pelvic organs

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69
Q

spinal cavity

A

body cavity that includes the spinal cord

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70
Q

cranial cavity

A

body cavity that includes the brain

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71
Q

ccephalic

A

refers to the head

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72
Q

crainal

A

refers to the skull

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73
Q

facial

A

refers to the face

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74
Q

thoracic

A

refers to the chest

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75
Q

brachial

A

refers to the arm

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76
Q

antebrachial

A

refers to the forearm

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77
Q

carpal

A

refers to the wrist

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78
Q

manual

A

refers to the hand

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79
Q

femoral

A

refers to the thigh

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80
Q

crural

A

refers to the leg

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81
Q

pedal

A

refers to the foor

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82
Q

upper extremity

A

includes arm, forearm, wrist, and hand

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83
Q

lower extremity

A

includes thigh, leg, foot

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84
Q

frontal

A

refers to the forehead

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85
Q

ocular

A

refers to eye

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86
Q

oral

A

mouth

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87
Q

mammary

A

refers to the breast

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88
Q

axillary

A

armpit

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89
Q

antecubital

A

inner elbow

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90
Q

umbilical

A

navel (belly button)

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91
Q

inguinal

A

groin

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92
Q

pubis

A

pubic area

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93
Q

palmar

A

palm

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94
Q

phalangeal

A

finers or toes

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95
Q

patellar

A

kneecap

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96
Q

acromial

A

shoulder

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97
Q

laeral abdominal

A

refers to the flank

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98
Q

iliac

A

the hip

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99
Q

sural

A

the calf

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100
Q

calcaneal

A

the heel

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101
Q

parietal

A

the crown of the head

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102
Q

occipital

A

base of the skull

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103
Q

cervical

A

neck

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104
Q

deltoid

A

shoulder

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105
Q

scapular

A

shoulder blade

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106
Q

lumbar

A

small of the back

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107
Q

sacral

A

base of the spine

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108
Q

gluteal

A

refers to the buttocks

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109
Q

popliteal

A

refers to the back

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110
Q

plantar

A

the sole of the foot

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111
Q

anatomic position

A

standing erect facing forwards palm facing front

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112
Q

decubitus position

A

lying down, usually qualified by part of the body touching the table (ventral or dorsal)

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113
Q

dorsal recumbent psition

A

on back, knees bent, feet separated

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114
Q

fowler postion

A

similiar to knee ches with back or stomach supported

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115
Q

knee chest psition

A

on knees head resting on forearms

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116
Q

lateral recumbent position

A

on either side with knee bent

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117
Q

lithotomy positon

A

on back, legs flexed toward abdomen, thighs apart

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118
Q

prone position

A

lying face down

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119
Q

sims position

A

on left side right leg drawn up high left arm along back

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120
Q

supine position

A

lying face up

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121
Q

trendelenberg position

A

on back with head lowered by tilting bed back 45 degrees head is lower than heart

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122
Q

abdominopelvic cavity

A

large ventral cavity that includes the abdominal and pelvic cavities

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123
Q

acute

A

a condition that flares up suddenly and persists for only a short time

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124
Q

benign

A

not recurrent or malignant, favorable for recovery, describing tumors that do not spread

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125
Q

carcinoma

A

a malignant neoplasm composed of epithelial cells

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126
Q

chronic

A

of long duration, progressing slowly

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127
Q

cyst

A

an abnormal filled sac or pouch, used as a root meaning a normal bladder or sac, such as the urinary bladder or gallbladder

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128
Q

edema

A

accumulation of fluid in the tissues, swelling, edematous

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129
Q

etiology

A

the cause of a disease

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130
Q

hernia

A

abnormal protrusion of part of an organ through an abnormal opening in the wall that normally contains in

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131
Q

inflammation

A

a localized response to tissue injury characterized by heat, pain redness and swelling

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132
Q

lesion

A

a distinct area of damaged tissue an injury or wound

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133
Q

malignant

A

growing worse, harmful, tending to cause death describing an invasive tumor that can spread/metastasize to other tissues

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134
Q

metastasis

A

spread from one part of the body to another, characteristic of cancer

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135
Q

necrosis

A

death of tissue

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136
Q

neoplasm

A

an abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue, namely a tumor, may be benign or malignant

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137
Q

parasite

A

an organism that grows in or on another organism causing damage to it

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138
Q

pathogran

A

an organism capable of causing disease

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139
Q

phagocytosis

A

the ingestion of organism such as invading bactera or small particles of waste material by a cell

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140
Q

prolapse

A

a dropping or downward displacement of an organ or part, ptosis

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141
Q

pus

A

a product of inflammation consisting of fluid and white blood cells

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142
Q

sarcoma

A

a malignant neoplasm arising from connective tissue

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143
Q

sepsis

A

the presence of harmful microorganisms or their toxins in the blood or other tissues

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144
Q

toxin

A

a poison

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145
Q

trauma

A

a physical or physiological wound or injury

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146
Q

alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o

A

pain

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147
Q

carcin/o

A

cancer

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148
Q

cyst/o, cyst/i

A

fled sac or pouch, cyst, bladder

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149
Q

lith

A

calculus, stone

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150
Q

onc/o

A

tumor

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151
Q

path/o

A

disease

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152
Q

py/o

A

pus

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153
Q

pyr/o

A

fever, fire

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154
Q

scler/o

A

hard

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155
Q

tox/o, toxic/o

A

poison

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156
Q

brady

A

slow

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157
Q

dis

A

abnormal, painful, difficult

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158
Q

mal

A

bad, poor

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159
Q

pachy

A

thick

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160
Q

tachy

A

rapid,fast

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161
Q

xero-

A

dry

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162
Q

algia, algesia

A

pain

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163
Q

-cele

A

hernia, protrusion

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164
Q

-clasism clasia

A

breaking

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165
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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166
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

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167
Q

-odynia

A

pain

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168
Q

-oma

A

tumor

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169
Q

-pathy

A

any disease of

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170
Q

-rhage, -rhagia

A

bursting forth, profuse flow hemorrhage

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171
Q

-rhea

A

flow, discharge

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172
Q

rhexis

A

rupture

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173
Q

-schisis

A

fissure, splitting

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174
Q

-dilation, dilation

A

expansion, widening

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175
Q

-ectasia, -ectasis

A

dilation,dilatation, distension

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176
Q

-edema

A

accumulation of fluid, swelling

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177
Q

-lysis

A

separation, looseningm dissolving, distruction

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178
Q

-malacia

A

softening

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179
Q

-necrosis

A

death of tissue

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180
Q

-ptosis

A

dropping, downward displacement, prolapse

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181
Q

-sclerosis

A

hardening

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182
Q

-spasm

A

sudden contraction, cramp

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183
Q

-stasis

A

suppression, stoppage

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184
Q

-stenosis

A

constriction or narrowing

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185
Q

-toxin

A

posion

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186
Q

staphyl/o

A

bacteria grouped in grape or grape like clusters

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187
Q

strept/o

A

bacteria grouped like twisted chains

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188
Q

bacteria

A

simple microorganism that are widespread throughout the world, some are pathogenic

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189
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

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190
Q

viruses

A

submicroscopic infectious agents that can live and reproduce only living cells

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191
Q

CA

A

cancer

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192
Q

MRSA

A

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, an infectious disease caused by a pathogen that is resistant to many antibiotics

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193
Q

staph

A

a type of bacteria commonly found on the skin and hair as well as in the noses and throats of people and animals, these bacteria are present in up to 25% of healthy people and are even more common among those with skin eye nose or throat infections

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194
Q

streptococcus

A

group A causes strept throat scarlet fever impetigo toxic shock syndrome and cellulitus and necrotizing faciitis

group b can cause blood infections pneumonia and meningitis in newborns

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195
Q

VRSA

A

vancomycin resistant staphylococcs aureus

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196
Q

microorganism

A

an organism too small to be seen with the aid of a microscope

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197
Q

cocci

A

round bacteria, may be in clusters, chains, or other formations

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198
Q

bacilli

A

rod shaped bacteria

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199
Q

vibrios

A

short curved rod shaped bactera

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200
Q

spirochetes

A

corkscrew shaped bacteria that move with a twisting motion

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201
Q

chlamydia

A

extremely small bacteria with complex life cycles that grow within living cells, can cause pelvic inflammatory disease

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202
Q

rickettsia

A

extremely small bacteria that grow within living cells, can cause rocky mountain spotted fever

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203
Q

fungi

A

simple non-green plants some of which are parasitic

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204
Q

protozoa

A

single celled animal

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205
Q

helminths

A

worms

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206
Q

bacill/i, bacill/o

A

referring to bacillus

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207
Q

bacteri/o

A

root referring to bacterium

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208
Q

vir/o

A

virus

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209
Q

acid fast stain

A

laboratory staining to identify TB

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210
Q

communicable

A

capable of passing from one person to another

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211
Q

endemic

A

occurring at a low level but continuously in a given region

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212
Q

exacerbation

A

worsening of a disease

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213
Q

iatrogenic

A

caused by the effects of treatment

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214
Q

idiopathic

A

having no known cause

215
Q

in situ

A

localized, non invasive

216
Q

normal flora

A

micro oganisms that normally live on or in the body

217
Q

nosocomial

A

infections acquired in the hospital

218
Q

opportunistic

A

infection that occurs because of a hosts poor or altered condition

219
Q

pandemic

A

disease prevalent throughout an entire region or the world

220
Q

remission

A

a lessening of disease symptoms

221
Q

septicemia

A

blood poisoning by bactera

222
Q

systemic

A

pertaining to the whole body

223
Q

abscess

A

localized collection of pus

224
Q

adhesion

A

uniting two surfaces that may be normally separated

225
Q

anaplasia

A

lack of normal differentiation of cells

226
Q

ascites

A

accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

227
Q

cellulitis

A

spreading inflammation of tissues

228
Q

effusion

A

escape of fluid into a cavity or other body part

229
Q

exudate

A

material that escapes from the blood vessels

230
Q

fissure

A

groove or split

231
Q

fistula

A

abnormal passage between two organs or between an organ and the surface of the body

232
Q

gangrene

A

death of tissue due to lack of blood supply

233
Q

hyperplasia

A

excessive growth of cells

234
Q

hypertophy

A

increase in size of organs to due cell growth

235
Q

induration

A

hardening, an abnormally hard spot or place

236
Q

metaplasia

A

conversion of cells to form not normally for that tissue

237
Q

polyp

A

tumor attached by a thin stalk

238
Q

purulent

A

forming or containing pus

239
Q

suppuration

A

pus formation

240
Q

AF

A

acid fast

241
Q

CA

A

cancer

242
Q

CIS

A

carcinoma in situ

243
Q

FUO

A

fever of unknown origin

244
Q

Gm+

A

gram positive bacteria

245
Q

Gm-

A

gram negative bactera

246
Q

MRSA

A

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

247
Q

staph

A

staphylococcus

248
Q

strep

A

streptococcus

249
Q

VRSA

A

vancomycin resistant staphylococcus aureus

250
Q

ADL

A

activities of daily living

251
Q

BP

A

blood pressure

252
Q

BPM

A

beats per minute

253
Q

c

A

celsius

254
Q

CC

A

cheif complaint

255
Q

C/o

A

complains of

256
Q

EOMI

A

extraocular muscles intact

257
Q

ETOH

A

alcohol

258
Q

F

A

farenheit

259
Q

HEENT

A

head eyes ears nose and throat

260
Q

HIPAA

A

health insurance portability and accountability act

261
Q

h/o

A

history of

262
Q

H&P

A

history and physical

263
Q

HPI

A

history of present illness

264
Q

HR

A

heart rate

265
Q

Hx

A

history

266
Q

I&O

A

intake and output

267
Q

IPPA

A

inspection, palpitation, percussion auscultation

268
Q

NAD

A

no apparent distress

269
Q

IVDA

A

IV drug abuse

270
Q

NKDA

A

no known drug allergies

271
Q

P

A

pulse

272
Q

PE

A

physical exam

273
Q

PE(R)RLA

A

pupils equal (REGULAR) react to light and accommodation

274
Q

PMH

A

past medical history

275
Q

pt

A

patient

276
Q

R

A

respiration

277
Q

R/O

A

rule out

278
Q

ROS

A

review of systems

279
Q

T

A

temperature

280
Q

TPR

A

temperature pule respiration

281
Q

VS

A

vital signs

282
Q

WD

A

well developed

283
Q

WNL

A

within normal limits

284
Q

W/o

A

without

285
Q

YO, y/o

A

years old

286
Q

ABC

A

aspiration biopsy cytology

287
Q

AFP

A

alpha feto protein

288
Q

BS

A

bowel sounds

289
Q

bx

A

biopsy

290
Q

CAM

A

complementary and alternative medicine

291
Q

Ci

A

Curie (unit of radioactivity)

292
Q

C&S

A

culture and (drug) sensitivity (of bacteria)

293
Q

CT

A

computed tomography

294
Q

D/C

A

discontinue, discharge

295
Q

Dx

A

diagnosis

296
Q

EBL

A

estimated blood loss

297
Q

ICU

A

intensive care unit

298
Q

I&D

A

incision and drainage

299
Q

MET

A

metastasis

300
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

301
Q

NCCAM

A

national center for complementary and alternative medicine

302
Q

NS

A

normal saline

303
Q

PCA

A

patient controlled analgesia

304
Q

PET

A

positron emission tomograhy

305
Q

PICC

A

peripherally inserted central catheter

306
Q

postop

A

post operative

307
Q

preop

A

pre operative

308
Q

PSS

A

physiologic saline solution

309
Q

RADx

A

radiation therapy

310
Q

Rx

A

drug, prescription, therapy

311
Q

SPECT

A

single photon emission computer tomography

312
Q

TNM

A

Tumor (primary) Nodes (regional lymph) metastases (distant)

313
Q

UV

A

ultraviolet

314
Q

AP

A

anteroposterior

315
Q

LL

A

left lateral

316
Q

PA

A

posteroanterior

317
Q

RL

A

right lateral

318
Q

AMA

A

against medical advice

319
Q

AMB

A

ambulatory

320
Q

BRP

A

bathroom privileges

321
Q

CBR

A

complete bed rest

322
Q

DNR

A

do not resuscitate

323
Q

KVO

A

keep vein open

324
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth

325
Q

OOB

A

out of bed

326
Q

QNS

A

quantity not sufficent

327
Q

QS

A

quantity sufficient

328
Q

STAT

A

immediately

329
Q

TKO

A

to keep open

330
Q

anesthesia

A

loss of the ability to feel pain, as by administration of a drug

331
Q

asucultation

A

listening for sounds within the body, usually within the chest or abdomen

332
Q

biopsy

A

removal of a small amount of tissue for microscopic examination

333
Q

cautery

A

destruction of tissue by a damaging agent such as a harmful chemical heat o electric current

334
Q

chemotherapy

A

use of chemicals to treat disease, the term is often applied specifically to the treatment of chancer with chemicals

335
Q

diagnosis

A

the process of determining the case of and nature of an illness

336
Q

endoscope

A

an instrument for examining the inside of an organ or cavity through an opening or small incision most endoscopes use fiber-optics for viewing

337
Q

excision

A

removal by cutting (ectomy)

338
Q

fixation

A

holding or fastening a structure in a fixed position (-pexy)

339
Q

grading

A

a method for evaluating a tumor based on microscopic examination of the cells

340
Q

immunotherpy

A

treatment that involves stimulation or suppression of the immune system, either specifically or nonspecifically

341
Q

incision

A

a cut, as for surgery, also the act of cutting (-tomy)

342
Q

inspection

A

visual examination of the body

343
Q

laser

A

a device that transforms light into a beam of intense heat and power used for surgery and diagnosis

344
Q

opthalmoscope

A

an instrument for examining the interior of the eye

345
Q

otoscope

A

instrument used to examine the ear

346
Q

palliative

A

providing relief by not cure a treatment that provides such relief

347
Q

palpitation

A

examining by placing the hands or fingers on the surface of the body to determine characteristics such as texture, temperature, movement and consistency

348
Q

percussion

A

tapping the body lightly but sharply to assess the condition of the underlying tissue by the sounds obtained

349
Q

prognosis

A

predicion of the course and outcome of a disease

350
Q

radiography

A

use of xrays passed through the body to make a visual record of internal structure on specificaly sensitized film

351
Q

remission

A

a lessening of disease symptoms, the period during which this decrease occurs or the period when no sign of a disease exists

352
Q

sign

A

objective evidence of disease that can be observed or tested, examples are fever rash high blood pressure and blood or urine abnormalities

353
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

blood pressure apparatus. or blood pressure cuff, read in millimeters or mercury when the heart is contracting and when the heart is relaxing and is reported as systolic/diastolic

354
Q

staging

A

the process of classifying malignant tumors for diagnosis treatment adn prognosis

355
Q

stethoscope

A

an instrument used to listening to sounds produced within the body

356
Q

surgery

A

a method for treating disease or injury by manual operations

357
Q

suture

A

o unite parts by stitching them together, also the thread or other material used in the process or the seam formed by surgical stitching

358
Q

symptom

A

any evidence of disease, sometimes limited to subjective evidence of disease as experienced by the individual such as pain dizziness and weakness

359
Q

therpy

A

treatment, intervention

360
Q

vital signs

A

measurements that reflect basic functions necessary to maintain life

361
Q

acupuncture

A

An ancient Chinese method of inserting thin needles into the body at specific points to relieve pain, induce anesthesia, or promote healing; similar effects can be obtained by using firm finger pressure at the surface of the body in the technique of acupressure

362
Q

biofeedback

A

A method for learning control of involuntary physiologic responses by using electronic devices to monitor bodily changes and feeding this information back to a person

363
Q

chiropractic

A

A science that stresses the condition of the nervous system in diagnosis and treatment of disease; often, the spine is manipulated to correct misalignment. Most patients consult for musculoskeletal pain and headaches (from Greek cheir, meaning “hand”)

364
Q

holistic health care

A

Practice of treating a person as a whole entity with physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs. It stresses comprehensive care, involvement in one’s own care, and the maintenance of good health rather than the treatment of disease.

365
Q

homeopathy

A

A philosophy of treating disease by administering drugs in highly diluted form along with promoting healthy life habits and a healthy environment (from home/o, meaning “same,” and path, meaning “disease”)

366
Q

massage

A

manipulation of the body or portion of the body to calm, relieve tension, increase circulation, and stimulate muscles

367
Q

meditation

A

process of clearing the mind by concentrating on the inner self while controlling breathing and perhaps repeating a word or phrase

368
Q

naturopathy

A

A therapeutic philosophy of helping people to heal themselves by developing healthy lifestyles; naturopaths may use some of the methods of conventional medicine (from nature and path/o, meaning “disease”)

369
Q

osteopathy

A

A system of therapy based on the theory that the body can overcome disease when it has normal structure, a favorable environment, and proper nutrition. Osteopaths use standard medical practices for diagnosis and treatment but stress the identification and correction of faulty body structure (from oste/o, meaning “bone,” and path, meaning “disease”)

370
Q

clubbing

A

enlargement of the ends of the fingers and toes because of soft tissue growth of the nails seen in a variety of diseases especially lung and heart disease

371
Q

colic

A

acute abdominal pain associated with smooth muscle spasms

372
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen

373
Q

alpha feto protein

A

a fetal protein that appears in the blood of adults with certain types of cancer

374
Q

bruit

A

a sound, usually abnormal, heard in auscultation

375
Q

facies

A

the expression or appearance of the face

376
Q

radionuclide

A

a substance that gives off radiation, used for diagnosis and treatment, also called radioisotope or radiopharmaeutical

377
Q

speculum

A

an instrument for examining a canal

378
Q

syndrome

A

a group of signs. andsymptoms tha ttogether characterize diseasse condition

379
Q

clysis

A

the introduction of fluid to the body other than orally as into the rectum or abdominal cavity also refers to the solution used

380
Q

irrigation

A

flushing of a tube cavity or area with a fluid

381
Q

lavage

A

to wash out the cavity

382
Q

paracentesis

A

puncture of a cavity for-removal of fluid

383
Q

prophylaxis

A

prevention of disease

384
Q

ligature

A

a tie or bandage the process of binding or tying

385
Q

cineradiography

A

making of a motion picture of successive images appearing on a fluoroscope

386
Q

scintography

A

imaging the radioactivity distribution in tissues after internal administration of a radiographic substance

387
Q

ultrasonography

A

generation of a visual image from the echoes of high frequency sound waves traveling back from different tissues

388
Q

bougie

A

slender, flexible instrument for exploring and dilating tubes

389
Q

cannula

A

rube enclosing a trocar that allows escape of fluid or air after removal of the trocar

390
Q

curet

A

spoon shaped instrument for removing maerial from the wall of a cavity or other surface

391
Q

gigli saw

A

flexible wire saw

392
Q

hemostat

A

small clamp for stpping blood flow from a vessel

393
Q

rasp

A

surgical file

394
Q

rongeur

A

gouge forceps

395
Q

sound

A

instrument for exploring a cavity or canal

396
Q

trocar

A

sharp pointed instrument contained in a cannula used to puncture a cavity

397
Q

chon/o

A

root. fortime

398
Q

cry/o

A

root for cold

399
Q

erg/o

A

root. forwork

400
Q

centesis

A

suffix for puncture

401
Q

-desis

A

suffic for binding

402
Q

-plasty

A

suffix for plastic repair, plastic surgery, reconstruction

403
Q

±

A

doubtful, slightly

404
Q

diaphoresis

A

profuse sweating

405
Q

malaise

A

a feeling of discomfort or uneasiness

406
Q

pallor

A

paleness, lack of color

407
Q

sequela

A

lasting effect of a disease

408
Q

syncope

A

temporary loss of conciousness becausse of inadequate flow of blood to the brain

409
Q

prodrome

A

a symptom indicating approaching disease

410
Q

febrile

A

fever

411
Q

synergy

A

combined action of two or more drugs working greater than any. ofthe drugs could produce when acting alone

412
Q

potentiation

A

increased potency created by two drugs acting together

413
Q

lytic

A

dissolving, reducing, loosening

414
Q

-mimetic

A

mimicking

415
Q

-tropic

A

acting on

416
Q

hypn/o

A

sleep

417
Q

narc

A

stupor

418
Q

pyr/o, pyret/o

A

fever

419
Q

vas/o

A

vessel

420
Q

adrenergics

A

mimic actions of sympathetic nervous system, which responds to stress

421
Q

analgesics

A

alleviate pain

422
Q

narcotics

A

decrease pain from the central nervous system

423
Q

non-narcotics

A

acts peripherally to inhibit prostaglandins

424
Q

antiemetics

A

relieve symptoms of nausea

425
Q

corticosteroids

A

hormones from cortex of adrenal gland

426
Q

hypolipidemics

A

lower cholesterol in patients with high serum levels that can’t be controlled with diet alone

427
Q

nitrtes and antianginal agents

A

dilate coronary arteries and reduce hearts workload by lowering blood pressure and reducing venous return

428
Q

CNS stimulants

A

stimulate the central nervous system

429
Q

diuretics

A

remote excretion of water, sodium, and other electrolytes by the kidneys, used to reduce edema and blood pressure

430
Q

antidiarrheals

A

treat or prevent diarrhea by reducing intestinal motility or absorbing irritants and soothing intestinal lining

431
Q

histamine H2 antagonists

A

decrease stomach acid secretion by interfering with action of histamine at H2 receptors , used to treat ulcers and other gastrointestinal problems

432
Q

laxatives

A

promote elimination from large intestines, stimulants, hypersomotics (retain water), stool softeners, bulk-forming agents

433
Q

proteon pump inhibitors

A

reduce stomach acidity by blocking transport of hydrogen ions (protons) into the stomach

434
Q

muscle relaxants

A

depress nervous system stimulation of skeletal muscles use to control muscle spasms and pain

435
Q

psychotropics

A

affect the mind, altering mental activity, mental state, or behavior

436
Q

antipsychotics

A

act on nervous system to relieve symptoms on psychoses

437
Q

antitussives

A

suppress coughing

438
Q

asthma maintenance drugs

A

used for prevention of asthma attacks and chronic treatment of asthma

439
Q

brochodilators

A

prevent or eliminate spasm of the bronchi (breathing tubes) y relaxing bronchial smooth muscle, used to treat asthma attacks and bronchitis

440
Q

expectorants

A

induce productive coughing to eliminate respiratory secretions

441
Q

mucolytics

A

loosen mucus to promote its elimination

442
Q

sedatives/hypnotics

A

induce relaxation and sleep, lower doses promote relaxation leading to sleep, higher induce sleep, anti anxiety agents also used

443
Q

absorption

A

drug taken into circulation through the digestive tract or by transfer across another membrane

444
Q

instillation

A

administration through respiratory system as by breathing in an aeros or nebulizer spray

445
Q

epidural

A

injected into space between meninges (around spinal cord) and spine

446
Q

hypodermoclysis

A

administration of a solution by subcutaneous infusion, use for fluid delivery as an alternative for intravenous infusion

447
Q

elixir

A

clear, pleasantly flavored and sweetened hydroalcoholic liquid intended for oral use

448
Q

emulsion

A

mixture in which one liquid is dispersed but not dissolved in another liquid

449
Q

suspension

A

fine particles dispersed in a liquid, must be shaken before use

450
Q

APAP

A

acetaminophen

451
Q

ASA

A

acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)

452
Q

ASHP

A

american society of health system pharmacists

453
Q

INH

A

isoiazid (anti-tuberculosis drug)

454
Q

ODS

A

office. ofdietary supplements

455
Q

OTC

A

over the counter

456
Q

PDR

A

physicians desk reference

457
Q

supp

A

suppository

458
Q

susp

A

suspension

459
Q

tinct

A

tincture (concentrated liquid herbal extracts)

460
Q

ung

A

ointment

461
Q

a with line over it

A

before

462
Q

aa with line over it

A

of each

463
Q

ac

A

before meals

464
Q

ad lib

A

as desired

465
Q

aq

A

water

466
Q

bid

A

twice a day

467
Q

c with a line over it

A

with

468
Q

DS

A

double strength

469
Q

gt(t)

A

drop(s)

470
Q

hs

A

at bedtime

471
Q

ID

A

intradermally

472
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

473
Q

IU

A

international unit

474
Q

LA

A

long acting

475
Q

mcg

A

microgram

476
Q

p

A

after, post

477
Q

pc

A

after meals

478
Q

po

A

by mouth

479
Q

pp

A

after meals

480
Q

qam

A

every morning

481
Q

qh

A

every hour

482
Q

q_h

A

every x hours

483
Q

qid

A

4 times per day

484
Q

s with a line over it

A

without

485
Q

SA

A

susained action

486
Q

SC, SQ, subcu

A

subcutaneously

487
Q

SL

A

sublingualy

488
Q

SR

A

sustained release

489
Q

ss with lines above

A

half

490
Q

tid

A

three times per day

491
Q

phytomedicine

A

herbal medicine

492
Q

DAW

A

dispense as written

493
Q

black cohosh root

A

reduction of menopausal hot flashes

494
Q

chamomile

A

anti-inflammator, gastrointestinal antispasmodic, sedative

495
Q

echinacea

A

may reduce severity and duration of colds, may stimulate the immune system, used topically for wound healing

496
Q

flax seed

A

source of fatty acids mportant in maintaining proper lipids (cholesterol) in the blood

497
Q

ginger root

A

relief of neausea and motion sickness, treatment of colds and sore throat

498
Q

gingo leaf

A

improves blood circulation in and function of the brain, improves memory, used to treat dementia, anti-anxiety agent, protects the nervous system

499
Q

ginsing

A

stress reduction , lowers blood cholesterol and blood sugar

500
Q

green tea

A

antioxidant, acts against cancer of the gastrointestinal tract and skin, oral antimicrobial agent, reduces dental caries

501
Q

kava

A

antianxiety, sedative

502
Q

aorta

A

largest artery

503
Q

arteriole

A

a small vessel that carries blood from the arteries into the capillaries

504
Q

electrocrdiography

A

EKG

505
Q

epicardium

A

outside lining, covers the heart

506
Q

inferior vena cava

A

the large inferior vein that brings blood back to the right atrum of the heart from the lower body

507
Q

pericardium

A

surrounding fibrous sac

508
Q

ventricle

A

lower pumping chambers

509
Q

capillary

A

smallest vessels exchange between blood and tissue

510
Q

diastole

A

the relaxation phase of the heartbeat cycle, adject diastolic

511
Q

endocardium

A

inside lining

512
Q

myocardium

A

thick muscle heart wall

513
Q

septum

A

wall dividing chambers of the heart

514
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

515
Q

phleb

A

vein

516
Q

angina pectoris

A

chest pain

517
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of the aarteries

518
Q

artherosclerosis

A

the development of fatty, fibrous patches (plaques) in the lining of arteries, causing narrowing of the lumen and hadening of the vessel wall. the most common form of asteriosclerosis

519
Q

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

stroke

520
Q

diaphoresis

A

sweating

521
Q

embolism

A

obstruction of blood vessel

522
Q

embolus

A

clot that creates embolism

523
Q

infarct

A

area of localized death of tissue because of blockage

524
Q

ischemia

A

local deficiency of blood supply cause by obstruction of the circulation

525
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of vein

526
Q

shock

A

circulation failure resulting in inadequate supply of blood to tissue

527
Q

thrombosis

A

development of blood clot

528
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing

529
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of vein because of clot

530
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot

531
Q

angioplasty

A

A procedure that reopens a narrowed vessel and restores blood flow. Commonly accomplished by surgically removing plaque, inflating a balloon within the vessel, or installing a device (stent) to keep the vessel open

532
Q

caronoary artery bypass graft CABG

A

Surgical creation of a shunt to bypass a blocked coronary artery. The aorta is connected to a point past the obstruction with another vessel or a piece of another vessel, usually the left internal mammary artery or part of the leg’s saphenous vein

533
Q

creatine kinase

A

enzyme released after MI

Clinical Medicine (2 decks)

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