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Medical Terminology > Medical Terminology Chapters 1-16 > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Chapters 1-16 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Amnion

A

Innermost layer of the fetal membrane

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2
Q

Menarche

A

Beginning of menstruation

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3
Q

-rrhexis

A

Rupture

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4
Q

Myc/o

A

Fungus

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5
Q

Caud/o

A

Tail, feet, downward

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6
Q

Metrorrhagia

A

Irregular excessive bleeding

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7
Q

-tomy

A

cut into, incision

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8
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

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9
Q

CPAP

A

continuous positive airway pressure

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10
Q

andr/o

A

male

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11
Q

placenta previa

A

abnormally low implantation of placenta on uterine wall or covering cervix

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12
Q

eponyms

A

named after person or place
EX. Apgar score, West Nile

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13
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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14
Q

cervical cerclage

A

suturing the cervix closed to prevent dilation and delivery

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15
Q

balan/o

A

glans penis

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16
Q

-malacia

A

softening

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17
Q

congential

A

present at birth

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18
Q

olig/o

A

scanty, few

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19
Q

urinary meatus

A

opening through which the urine passes to the outside

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20
Q

FCC

A

Fibrocystic breast changes

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21
Q

azot/o

A

urea, nitrogen

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22
Q

vesicle

A

blister

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23
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

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24
Q

toward

A

-ad

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25
Q

menorrhagia

A

excessive bleeding at menstruation

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26
Q

verruca

A

wart

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27
Q

MRSA

A

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

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28
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

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29
Q

terat/o

A

malformations

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30
Q

enuresis

A

involuntary urination

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31
Q

-iasis

A

condition

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32
Q

wheeze

A

whistling, high pitched noise caused by narrowed airways

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33
Q

colpocleisis

A

surgical closure of the vagina

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34
Q

prepuce

A

foreskin

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35
Q

carbuncle

A

infection composed of a cluster of boils

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36
Q

fulguration

A

destruction of living tissue with an electric spark

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37
Q

spina bifida

A

congenital defect in vertebral column caused by failure of the vertebral arch to close

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38
Q

hypoplasia

A

incomplete developement

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39
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood

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40
Q

VCUG

A

voiding cystourethrography

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41
Q

furuncle

A

painful skin nodule caused by staphylococcal bacteria in hair folicle

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42
Q

epidermis

A

outer layer of skin

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43
Q

TUMT

A

transurethral microwave therapy

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44
Q

rhytid/o

A

wrinkles

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45
Q

stridor

A

harsh, high pitched breath heard on inspiration

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46
Q

bartholin glands

A

mucus glands on either side of the vaginal opening

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47
Q

xanth/o

A

yellow

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48
Q

corpus

A

central portion of uterus

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49
Q

Specific Gravity (SG)

A

test performed on urine specimen to measure concentrating or diluting ability of kidneys

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50
Q

pertaining to

A

-ous, -ic, -al

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51
Q

puerper/o

A

childbirth

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52
Q

capnometer

A

instrument to measure carbon dioxide

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53
Q

trachelectomy

A

excision of the cervix

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54
Q

Peak Flow Meter (PFM)

A

used to measure air flow on forced expiration

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55
Q

-rrhagia

A

excessive bleeding

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56
Q

Mohs surgery

A

microscopic controlled excisions of skin cancer

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57
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

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58
Q

phimosis

A

tightening of foreskin that prevents retraction

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59
Q

chorion

A

outermost layer of fetal membrane

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60
Q

tinea

A

fungal infection of skin

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61
Q

-cele

A

hernia, protrusion

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62
Q

somatic

A

pertaining to the body

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63
Q

dyspareunia

A

painful intercourse

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64
Q

Bx

A

biopsy

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65
Q

amniocentesis

A

surgical puncture to aspirate amniotic fluid to check fetal health

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66
Q

rhabdomyoma

A

benign tumor of striated muscle

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67
Q

Dx

A

diagnosis

68
Q

episi/o

A

vuvla

69
Q

Px

A

prognosis

70
Q

Prefix

A

attached to beginning of a word root to modify its meaning

71
Q

myomectomy

A

excision of uterine fibroid

72
Q

BPH

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

73
Q

genital herpes

A

STI caused by herpes simplex virus 2

74
Q

preeclampsia

A

high blood pressure and proteinurea

75
Q

-ectomy

A

excision, surgical removal

76
Q

macule

A

flat, colored spot on skin

77
Q

V/Q scan

A

lung ventilation/perfusion scan

78
Q

intravesical

A

pertaining to within the bladder

79
Q

trachel/o

A

cervix

80
Q

pyothorax

A

pus in the pleural cavity

81
Q

ESWL

A

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

82
Q

pachy/o

A

thick

83
Q

gavage

A

feeding through a tube

84
Q

ungu/o

A

nail

85
Q

-ptosis

A

drooping, sagging, prolapse

86
Q

nevus

A

birthmark

87
Q

omphal/o

A

umbilicus, navel

88
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

89
Q

meibomian glands

A

oil glands found in the upper and lower edges of the eyelid

90
Q

gamete

A

mature germ cell, sperm or ovum

91
Q

xer/o

A

dryness

92
Q

ton/o

A

tension, pressure

93
Q

pseudocyesis

A

false pregnancy

94
Q

ALL

A

acute lymphoblastic leukemia

95
Q

outside heart membrane

A

pericardium

96
Q

phak/o OR phac/o

A

lens

97
Q

steat/o

A

fat

98
Q

immunoglobulins

A

antibodies

99
Q

cardiac tamponade

A

accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space

100
Q

intermittent caludication

A

cramp-like muscle pains in lower extremity from exercise

101
Q

CHF

A

congestive heart failure

102
Q

blepharitis

A

inflammation of the eyelid

103
Q

cheiloplasty

A

surgical repair of the lip

104
Q

what type of drug is used to treat blood clots?

A

thrombolytic

105
Q

CABG

A

coronary artery bypass graft

106
Q

sial/o

A

saliva, salivary glands

107
Q

nulligravida

A

no pregnancies

108
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

109
Q

aphasia

A

without swallowing

110
Q

atrial/ventricular fibrillation occurs in which chambers?

A

Atrial = upper
Ventricular = lower

111
Q

nullipara

A

no births

112
Q

dyspepsia

A

difficult digestion

113
Q

melena

A

black, tarry stool containing digested blood

114
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

115
Q

sclera

A

outer protective layer of the eye
EX. white of the eye

116
Q

mitral valve is also called what?

A

bicuspid

117
Q

parturition

A

act of giving birth

118
Q

CAD

A

coronary artery disease

119
Q

PTCA

A

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

120
Q

CML

A

chronic myeloid leukemia

121
Q

another term for platelet

A

thrombocyte

122
Q

puerperal

A

pertaining to immediately after childbirth

123
Q

gastrodynia

A

stomachache

124
Q

choledoch/o

A

common bile duct

125
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness

126
Q

astigmatism

A

irregular curvature of the lens/cornea

127
Q

cataract is a disorder of the..?

A

lens

128
Q

tonometry

A

measures intraocular pressure

129
Q

visual acuity test measures?

A

sharpness of vision

130
Q

hyperopia

A

farsightedness

131
Q

drusen

A

yellowish deposits located under the retina
also called extracellular debris

132
Q

the macula is located in the…

A

retina

133
Q

phacoemulsification

A

method to remove cataracts

134
Q

presbyopia

A

impaired vision due to aging

135
Q

polymyositis is what kind of disease?

A

autoimmune

136
Q

EMG

A

electromyography

137
Q

scoli/o

A

curvature

138
Q

sarcoma in the cartilage

A

chondrosarcoma

139
Q

diaphysis

A

shaft of long bone

140
Q

dystrophy

A

abnormal development

141
Q

ankylosis

A

union of two joints

142
Q

Colles fracture

A

break of distal radius

143
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

slipping of vertebra

144
Q

-desis

A

binding, fixing

145
Q

nerve pain that shingles causes

A

nerualgia

146
Q

synonym for shingles

A

herpes zoster

147
Q

what inhibits nerve impulse transmission with MS?

A

scar tissue

148
Q

phren/o

A

mind

149
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord

150
Q

disease that affects the nerve root

A

radiculopathy

151
Q

ALS

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

152
Q

hyper/esthesi/a

A

sensitivity (to stimuli)

153
Q

arachnoid

A

middle layer of meninges

154
Q

nerve root (combining form)

A

rhiz/o

155
Q

disorder marked by hyperthyroidism, goiter, and exophthalmos

A

Graves disease

156
Q

epinephrine and norepinephrine are secreted by?

A

adrenal medulla

157
Q

PRL

A

prolactin

158
Q

hypophysis cerebri

A

pituitary gland

159
Q

chronic syndrome resulting from a deficiency in hormonal secretions of all 3 categories of adrenal steroids secreted by the adrenal cortex

A

addisons disease

160
Q

of parathyroid glands

A

4

161
Q

tetany

A

continuous muscle spasms

162
Q

severe form of excessive thyroid hormone production

A

throtoxicosis

163
Q

acro-

A

extremities

164
Q

somatotropin

A

growth hormone

165
Q

abbreviation for type 2 diabetes

A

NIDDM

166
Q

extreme form of hypothyroidism in adults

A

myexedma

167
Q

type 1 diabetes destroys…

A

beta cells

Medical Terminology (1 decks)

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