Medical Terminology: Chapter 12, Respiratory System - Pathology and Diagnostics

Question 1

auscultation

Answer 1

listening to sounds within the body

Question 2

percussion

Answer 2

Tapping on a surface to determine internal density

Question 3

pleural rub

Answer 3

scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other, friction rub

Question 4

rales (crackles)

Answer 4

crackling sounds heard on auscultation (during inhalation) when there is fluid in the alveoli

Question 5

rhonchi/rhoncus

Answer 5

rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum indicating congestion and inflammation in bronchial tubes

Question 6

sputum

Answer 6

material expelled from the bronchi, lungs, or upper respiratory tract by spitting

Question 7

stridor

Answer 7

strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx

Question 8

wheezes

Answer 8

whistling sounds produced during breathing.

Question 9

croup

Answer 9

acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx

Question 10

diptheria

Answer 10

acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract

Question 11

epistaxis

Answer 11

nosebleed

Question 12

pertussis

Answer 12

whooping cough, highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea

Question 13

asthma

Answer 13

chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction

Question 14

bronchiectasis

Answer 14

dilation of a bronchus

Question 15

chronic bronchitis

Answer 15

inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time, type of COPD

Question 16

cystic fibrosis (CF)

Answer 16

disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucous secretions in the respiratory tract

Question 17

atelectasis

Answer 17

collapsed lung, incomplete expansion of alveoli

Question 18

emphysema

Answer 18

inflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls

Question 19

lung cancer

Answer 19

malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi

Question 20

pneumoconiosis

Answer 20

condition caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis

Question 21

pneumonia

Answer 21

inflammation and infection of alveoli

Question 22

pulmonary abscess

Answer 22

large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in the lungs.

Question 23

pulmonary edema

Answer 23

fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles

Question 24

pulmonary embolism

Answer 24

clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung.

Question 25

pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 25

scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs

Question 26

sarcoidosis

Answer 26

inflammatory disease in which granulomas develop in lungs

Question 27

tuberculosis

Answer 27

infection of the lungs

Question 28

mesothelioma

Answer 28

malignant tumor arising in the pleura

Question 29

pleural effusion

Answer 29

accumulation of fluid in the pleural space

Question 30

pleurisy (pleuritis)

Answer 30

inflammation of the pleura

Question 31

pneumothorax

Answer 31

collection of air in the pleural space

Question 32

anthracosis

Answer 32

coal dust accumulation in the lungs

Question 33

asbestosis

Answer 33

asbestos particles accumulate in the lungs

Question 34

bacilli

Answer 34

rod-shaped bacteria (cause of tuberculosis)

Question 35

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Answer 35

chronic condition of persistent obstruction of air flow through bronchial tubes and lungs

Question 36

cor pulmonale

Answer 36

failure of the right side of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to the lungs

Question 37

exudate

Answer 37

fluid, cells, and other substances that filter from cells or capillaries ooze into lesions or areas of inflammation

Question 38

hydrothorax

Answer 38

collection of fluid in the pleural cavity

Question 39

infiltrate

Answer 39

abnormal substance that accumulates gradually within cells or body tissues

Question 40

palliative

Answer 40

relieving symptoms but not curing the disease

Question 41

paroxysmal

Answer 41

pertaining to a sudden occurrence, such as a spasm or seizure

Question 42

pulmonary infarction

Answer 42

area of necrosis

Question 43

purulent

Answer 43

containing pus

Question 44

silicosis

Answer 44

disease due to silica or glass dust in the lungs