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EMT > Medical Terminology and Anatomy and Physiology (Chapter 5) > Flashcards

Medical Terminology and Anatomy and Physiology (Chapter 5) Flashcards

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1
Q

Abdominal Quadrants

A

Four divisions of the abdomen used to pinpoint the location of a pain or injury: The right upper quadrant (RUQ), the left upper quadrant (LUQ), the right lower quadrant (RLQ), the left lower quadrant (LLQ).

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2
Q

Acetabulum

A

The pelvic socket into which the ball joint at the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint

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3
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint

A

The joint where the acromion and the clavicle meet.

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4
Q

Acromion Process

A

The highest portion of the shoulder.

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5
Q

Alveoli

A

The microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange with the bloodstream takes place.

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6
Q

Anatomical Position

A

The standard reference position for the body in the study of anatomy. In this position, the body is standing erect, facing the observer, with arms down at the sides and the palms of the hands forward.

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7
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of the body structure.

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8
Q

Anterior

A

The front of the body or body part.

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9
Q

Aorta

A

The largest artery in the body. It transports blood from the left ventricle to begin systemic circulation.

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10
Q

Appendix

A

A small tube located near the junction of the small and large intestines in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, the function of which is not well understood. Its inflammation, called appendicitis, is a common cause of abdominal pain.

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11
Q

Arteriole

A

The smallest kind of artery.

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12
Q

Artery

A

Any blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart.

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13
Q

Atria

A

The two upper chambers of the heart. The right atrium receives unoxygenated blood returning from the body and the left atrium receives oxygenated blood returning from the lungs.

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14
Q

Automaticity

A

The ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own.

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15
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

The devision of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary motor functions.

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16
Q

Bilateral

A

On both sides.

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17
Q

Bladder

A

The round sac-like organ of the renal system used as a reservoir for urine.

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18
Q

Blood Pressure

A

The pressure caused by blood exerting force against the walls of blood vessels. Usually arterial blood pressure is measured; diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure.

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19
Q

Brachial Artery

A

Artery of the upper arm; the site of the pulse checked during infant CPR.

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20
Q

Bronchi

A

The two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs. There are right and left bronchi.

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21
Q

Calcaneus

A

The heel bone.

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22
Q

Capillary

A

A thin-walled, microscopic blood vessel where the oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange with the body’s cells takes place.

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23
Q

Cardiac Conduction System

A

A system of specialized muscle tissues that conducts electrical impulses that stimulate the heart to beat.

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24
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

Specialized involuntary muscle found only in the heart.

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25
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

The system made up if the heart and the blood vessels; the circulatory system. Sometimes called the circulatory system.

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26
Q

Carotid Arteries

A

The large neck arteries, one on each side of the neck, that carry blood from the heart to the head.

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27
Q

Carpals

A

The wrist bones

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28
Q

Centra Nervous System

A

The brain and the spinal cord.

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29
Q

Central Pulses

A

The carotid and femoral pulses, which can be felt in the central part of the body.

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30
Q

Clavicle

A

The collarbone

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31
Q

Combining Form

A

A word root with an added vowel that can be joined with other words, roots, or suffixes to form a new word.

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32
Q

Compound

A

A word formed from two or more whole words.

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33
Q

Coronary Arteries

A

Blood vessels that supply the muscle of the heart.

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34
Q

Cranium

A

The top, back, and sides of the skull.

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35
Q

Cricoid Cartilage

A

The ring-shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx.

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36
Q

Dermis

A

The inner (second) layer of the skin, rich in blood vessels and nerves, found beneath the epidermis.

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37
Q

Diaphram

A

The muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. A major muscle of respiration.

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38
Q

Diastolic Blood Pressure

A

The pressure in the arteries when the left ventricle is refilling.

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39
Q

Digestive System

A

System by which food travels through the body and is digested, or broken down into absorbable forms.

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40
Q

Distal

A

Farther away from the torso.

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41
Q

Dorsal

A

Referring to the back of the body or the back of the hand or foot. A synonym for posterior.

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42
Q

Dorsalis Pedis Artery

A

Artery supplying the foot, lateral to the large tendons of the big toe.

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43
Q

Endocrine System

A

System of glands that produce chemicals called hormones that help to regulate many body activities and functions.

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44
Q

Epidermis

A

The outer layer of skin.

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45
Q

Epiglottis

A

A leaf-shaped structure that prevents food and foreign matter from entering the trachea.

46
Q

Epinephine

A

A hormone produced by the body. As a medication, it dilates respiratory passages and is used to relieve sever allergic reactions.

47
Q

Exhalation

A

A passive process in which the intercostal (rib) muscles and the diaphragm relax, causing the chest cavity to decrease in size and air to flow out of the lungs.

48
Q

Femoral Artery

A

The major artery supplying the leg.

49
Q

Femur

A

The large bone of the thigh.

50
Q

Fibula

A

The lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg.

51
Q

Fowler Position

A

A sitting position

52
Q

Gallbladder

A

A sac on the underside of the liver that stores bile produced by the liver.

53
Q

Humerus

A

The bone of the upper arm, between the shoulder and the elbow.

54
Q

Hypoperfusion

A

Inadequate perfusion of the cells and tissues of the body caused by insufficient flow of blood through the capillaries. Also called shock.

55
Q

Ilium

A

The superior and widest portion of the pelvis.

56
Q

Inferior

A

Away from the head; usually compared with another structure that is closer to the head.

57
Q

Inhalation

A

An active process in which the intercostal (rib) muscles and the diaphragm contract, expanding the size of the chest cavity and causing air to flow into the lungs.

58
Q

Insulin

A

A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics.

59
Q

Involuntary Muscle

A

Muscle that responds automatically to brain signals but cannot be consciously controlled.

60
Q

Ischium

A

The lower, posterior portions of the pelvis.

61
Q

Joint

A

The point where two bones come together.

62
Q

Kidneys

A

Organs of the renal system used to filter blood and regulate fluid levels in the body.

63
Q

Large Intesine

A

The muscular tube that removes water from waste products received from the small intestine and moves anything not absorbed by the body towards excretion from the body.

64
Q

Larynx

A

The voice box.

65
Q

Lateral

A

To the side, away from the midline of the body.

66
Q

Ligament

A

Tissue that connects bone to bone.

67
Q

Liver

A

The largest organ of the body, which produces bile to assist in breakdown of fats and assists in the metabolism of various substances in the body.

68
Q

Lungs

A

The organs where exchange of atmospheric oxygen and waste carbon dioxide take place.

69
Q

Malleolus

A

Protrusion on the side of the ankle.

70
Q

Mandible

A

The lower jaw bone.

71
Q

Manubrium

A

The superior portion of the sternum.

72
Q

Maxillae

A

The two fused bones forming the upper jaw.

73
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline of the body.

74
Q

Metacarpals

A

the hand bones.

75
Q

Metatarsals

A

the foot bones.

76
Q

Mid-Axillary Line

A

A line drawn vertically from the middle of the armpit to the ankle

77
Q

Mid-Clavicular Line

A

The line through the center of each clavicle.

78
Q

Midline

A

An imaginary line drawn down the center if the body, dividing it into the right and left halves.

79
Q

Muscle

A

Tissue that can contract to allow movement of a body part.

80
Q

Musculoskeletal System

A

The system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement.

81
Q

Nasal Bone

A

The nose bones.

82
Q

Nasopharynx

A

The area directly posterior to the nose.

83
Q

Nervous System

A

The system of brain, spinal cord, and nerves that govern sensation, movement, and thought.

84
Q

Orbits

A

The bony structures around the eyes; the eye sockets.

85
Q

Oropharynx

A

The area directly posterior to the mouth.

86
Q

Ovaries

A

Egg-producing organs within the female reproductive system.

87
Q

Palmer

A

Referring to the palm of the hand.

88
Q

Pancreas

A

A gland located behind the stomach that produces insulin and juices that assist in digestion of food in the duodenum of the small intestine.

89
Q

Patella

A

The kneecap

90
Q

Pelvis

A

The basin-shaped bony structure that supports the spine and is the point of proximal attachment for the lower extremities.

91
Q

Penis

A

The organ of male reproduction responsible for sexual intercourse and the transfer of sperm.

92
Q

Perfusion

A

The supply of oxygen to, and removal of waste from, the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.

93
Q

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

A

The nerves that enter and leave the spinal cord and travel between the brain and organs without passing through the spinal cord.

94
Q

Peripheral Pulses

A

The radial, brachial, posterior tribal, and dorsalis pedis, which can be felt at peripheral (outlying) points of the body.

95
Q

Phalanges

A

The toe bones and the finger bones.

96
Q

Pharynx

A

The area directly posterior to the mouth and nose.

97
Q

Physiology

A

The study of body function.

98
Q

Plane

A

A flat surface formed when slicing through a solid object.

99
Q

Plantar

A

Referring to the sole of the foot.

100
Q

Plasma

A

The fluid portion of the blood.

101
Q

Platelets

A

Components of the blood; membrane-enclosed fragments of specialized cells.

102
Q

Posterior

A

The back of the body or body part.

103
Q

Posterior Tibial Artery

A

Artery supplying the foot, behind the medial ankle.

104
Q

Prefix

A

Word part added to the beginning of a root or word to modify or qualify its meaning.

105
Q

Prone

A

Lying face down.

106
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the torso.

107
Q

Pubis

A

The medial anterior portion of the pelvis.

108
Q

Pulmonary Arteries

A

The vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the heart to the lungs.

109
Q

Pulse

A

The rhythmic beats caused as waves of blood moves through out and expand the arteries.

110
Q

Radial Artery

A

Artery of the lower arm. It is felt when taking the pulse at the wrist.

111
Q

Radius

A

The lateral bone of the forearm.

EMT (41 decks)

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