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CMA License > Medical Terminology and Abbreviations > Flashcards

Medical Terminology and Abbreviations Flashcards

1
Q

Most medical terms derive from what origins?

A

Greek or Latin

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2
Q

The component that goes at the beginning of a word to modify its meaning.

Denoted by a hyphen after the word

A

Prefix

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3
Q

The component found at the end of a word and completes the medical term. Can change the word from a noun to an adjective.

Denoted by a hyphen before the word

A

Suffix

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4
Q

The foundation of the word that identifies the structure or anatomy being described. A suffix or prefix is added to this.

A

Word roots and combining forms.

Word roots contain a vowel that is added when necessary to make the terms easier to pronounce.

Combining forms are word roots that have a vowel added to the end of the word root

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5
Q

A-, an-

A

Without

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6
Q

Ante-, pre-, pro-

A

Before

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7
Q

Anti-, contra-

A

Against

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8
Q

Bi-, diplo-

A

Two

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9
Q

Brady-

A

Slow

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10
Q

Circum-

A

Around

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11
Q

De-

A

Away from

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12
Q

Dia-, trans-

A

Through

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13
Q

Dys-

A

Abnormal, painful, difficult

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14
Q

Ecto-

A

Outside

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15
Q

Endo-

A

Within

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16
Q

Epi-

A

Upon, over

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17
Q

Eu-

A

Normal, good

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18
Q

Ex-, exo-, extra-

A

Out of, away from, outside

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19
Q

Hemi-, semi-

A

Half

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20
Q

Hyper-, poly-

A

Above normal, excessive

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21
Q

Hypo-,sub-

A

Below normal, below, underneath, inferior, deficient

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22
Q

Inter-

A

Between

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23
Q

Intra-

A

Within, into

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24
Q

Iso-

A

Same

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25
Q

Mal-

A

Bad, not adequate

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26
Q

Megalo-, mega-, macro-

A

Large, big

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27
Q

Micro-

A

Small, tiny

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28
Q

Mono-

A

One

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29
Q

Multi-, pluri-

A

Many

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30
Q

Oligo-

A

Few, scanty, sparse

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31
Q

Pan-

A

All

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32
Q

Peri-

A

Around

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33
Q

Post-

A

After, following

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34
Q

Quadra-, quardri-

A

Four

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35
Q

Re-

A

Again, backwards

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36
Q

Super-, supra-

A

Above, superior, more

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37
Q

Tachy-

A

Fast, abonormally fast

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38
Q

Ultra-

A

Beyond

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39
Q

Uni-

A

One, single

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40
Q

-ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -eal, -ia, -ic, -ory, -ous -tic, -i, -ae

A

Pertaining to, condition (of), relating to

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41
Q

-ad

A

Toward

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42
Q

-algia, dynia

A

Pain

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43
Q

-ase

A

Enzyme

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44
Q

-asthenia

A

Weakness

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45
Q

-blast

A

Baby, immature

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46
Q

-cele

A

Hernia, abnormal protrusion

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47
Q

-cide, -cidal

A

Killing, destroying

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48
Q

-crine

A

To secrete

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49
Q

-cyte

A

Cell

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50
Q

-derma

A

Skin

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51
Q

-ectasia, -ectasis

A

Stretching, dilating

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52
Q

-ectomy

A

Surgical removal

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53
Q

-edema

A

Swelling, fluid accumulation

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54
Q

-ema, -iasis, -ism, -lepsy, -osis

A

Condition, abnormal condition

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55
Q

-emesis

A

Vomiting

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56
Q

-emia

A

Blood

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57
Q

-esthesia

A

Sensation, feeling

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58
Q

-gen, -genesis, -genic

A

Producing, production, production of, formation

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59
Q

-globin, -globulin

A

Protein

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60
Q

-gram

A

Recording

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61
Q

-graph

A

Instrument used to record

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62
Q

-graphy

A

Process of recording

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63
Q

-itis

A

Inflammation

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64
Q

-kinesia, -kinesis

A

Movement

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65
Q

-logist

A

One who studies

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66
Q

-logy

A

The study of

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67
Q

-lysis, -lytic

A

Destruction

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68
Q

-malacia

A

Softening

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69
Q

-mania, -manic

A

Abnormal preoccupation or obsession

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70
Q

-megaly

A

Enlargement of

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71
Q

-meter, -metry

A

Measuring device, process of measuring

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72
Q

-oid

A

Resembling

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73
Q

-oma

A

Tumor

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74
Q

-opia

A

Vision

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75
Q

-ose

A

Sugar

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76
Q

-ostomy

A

Formation of a new opening

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77
Q

-para, -parous

A

Bearing, producing child

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78
Q

-pathy

A

Disease

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79
Q

-penia

A

Deficiency

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80
Q

-pepsia

A

Digestion

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81
Q

-pexy

A

Surgical fixation

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82
Q

-phage, -phagy, -phagia

A

To eat or digest

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83
Q

-phasia

A

Speaking

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84
Q

-phil, -philia

A

To love

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85
Q

-phobia

A

Abnormal fear

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86
Q

-phonia

A

Sound

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87
Q

-phrenia, -phrenic

A

Mind, diaphragm

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88
Q

-plasty

A

Surgical repair

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89
Q

-plegia, plegic

A

Paralysis

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90
Q

-pnea

A

Breath or breathing

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91
Q

-poiesis

A

Formation

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92
Q

-ptosis

A

Sagging or drooping

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93
Q

-rrhage, -rrhagia

A

Heavy discharge

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94
Q

-rrhaphy

A

Suturing (to stitch up a wound or incision)

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95
Q

-rrhea

A

Discharge, flowing

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96
Q

-rrhexis

A

Rupture

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97
Q

-scope, -scopy

A

Instrument, process of using the instrument

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98
Q

-somnia

A

Sleep

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99
Q

-stasis

A

Stopping

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100
Q

-stenosis

A

Narrowing

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101
Q

-stomy

A

Opening

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102
Q

-tome

A

Intrument used for cutting

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103
Q

-tomy

A

The process of cutting

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104
Q

-trophic, -trophy

A

Nutrition, nourishment

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105
Q

-uria

A

Urine, urination

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106
Q

-version

A

Turning

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107
Q

Cardi/o

A

heart

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108
Q

Cyan/o

A

Integumentary System: Blue

Cyanosis of the nail beds or lips is a bluish tint due to the lack of oxygen.

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109
Q

Muscul/o, my/o, myos/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Muscle

Muscular pertains to muscles; the myocardium is the muscular portion of the heart.

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110
Q

Neur/o, Neur/i

A

Nerve

Nervous System:
Neuralgia is a generalized term meaning pain in a nerve.

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111
Q

Ren/o, nephr/o

A

Kidney

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112
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach

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113
Q

Ur/o, urin/o

A

Urine

Urinary System:
Pyuria is an abnormal condition of pus in the urine; a urinometer is an antiquated device that was used to measure the specific gravity of urine.

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114
Q

Oss/e, Oste/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Bone

Osteitis is inflammation of a bone.

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115
Q

Leuk/o

A

White

Leukemia is an abnormal increase of white blood cells.

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116
Q

Colp/o, vagin/o

A

Vagina

Reproductive system:
A colposcopy is examination of the vagina with a lighted instrument; vaginitis is inflammation of the vagina, usually bacterial or fungal.

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117
Q

Singular to Plural:

Singular ending -a

A

Plural ending
-ae

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118
Q

Singular to Plural:

Singular ending -ex, -ix

A

Plural ending
-ices

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119
Q

Singular to Plural:

Singular ending -is

A

Plural ending -es

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120
Q

Singular to Plural:

Singular ending -nx

A

Plural ending -nges

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121
Q

Singular to Plural:

Singular ending -um

A

Plural ending -a

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122
Q

Singular to Plural:

Singular ending -us

A

Plural ending -i

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123
Q

Adip/o, Lip/o

A

Integumentary System: Fat

Adipose tissue is the layer just below the skin, consisting primarily of fat cells.

A lipoma is a benign fatty tumor.

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124
Q

Albin/o, leuk/o

A

Integumentary System: White, without color

Albinism is a condition in which there are no melanocytes to provide color to the skin, giving the person a white appearance.

Leukoderma is abnormal patches of white skin.

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125
Q

Cutane/o
Derm/o
Dermat/o
Integument/o

A

Integumentary System: Skin

The subcutaneous injection is given beneath the skin’s layers.

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126
Q

Erythem/o

A

Integumentary System: Red

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease often characterized by a red butterfly rash on the face.

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127
Q

Melan/o

A

Integumentary System: Black

Malignant melanoma is a black tumor of the skin.

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128
Q

Onych/o

A

Nail

Integumentary System:
Onychomycosis is an abnormal fungal infection of the nails.

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129
Q

Scler/o

A

Integumentary System: Hard, hardening

Scleroderma is a condition of hardened skin.

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130
Q

Xanth/o, icter/o

A

Integumentary System: Yellow

Xanthoderma is yellowish-appearing skin. A patient described as being icteric has a yellow discoloration of the skin from a liver disorder. Sometimes the word jaundice is used for the same condition.

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131
Q

Xer/o

A

Integumentary System: Dry

Xeroderma is a condition of extremely dry skin

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132
Q

Patell/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Patella (kneecap)

The patellar reflex is solicited when striking a patient’s leg right below the kneecap.

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133
Q

Pelv/i

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Pelvis

The pelvic cavity is housed within the bony structure of the pelvis.

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134
Q

Phalang/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Fingers or toes

Phalangitis is inflammation of a finger or a toe.

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135
Q

Rachi/o, spondyl/o, vertebr/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Vertebra(e), spine

Rachiotis and spondylitis are both inflammation of the vertebrae or spine. The vertical column is composed of the bones of the spine.

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136
Q

Stern/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Sternum (breastbone)

Substernal chest pain is pain described as being just below the breastbone, often indicating a heart attack.

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137
Q

Ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Tendon

Tendonitis is inflammation of a tendon.

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138
Q

Tibi/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Tibia (shin)

A tibial contusion, caused by striking the shin, is quite painful.

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139
Q

Orth/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Straight, straighten

An orthopedist is one that specializes in straightening bones.

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140
Q

Ankylos/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Stiffening

Ankylosing spondylitis is an abnormal stiffening of the spine That results in a lack of mobility.

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141
Q

Arthr/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Joint

Arthritis is inflammation of a joint.

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142
Q

Carp/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Wrist (bones)

Carpal tunnel syndrome affects the nerves in the wrist.

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143
Q

Cervic/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Neck

The cervical spine is the group of vertebrae that compose the neck.

Reproductive system: Cervix (neck) of the uterus

Cervical cancer may be revealed with the use of a pap smear.

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144
Q

Chondr/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Cartilage

Costochondritis is an inflammation of the cartilage around the ribs that often mimics the pain of a heart attack.

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145
Q

Cost/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Ribs

When performing an electrocardiogram, the medical assistant must locate the intercostal spaces for proper electrode placement.

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146
Q

Crani/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Skull, head

The cranial cavity is located within the skull.

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147
Q

Dactyl/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Digit

Dactylography is the process of taking someone’s fingerprints.

148
Q

Femor/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Femur (thighbone)

The femoral artery is located near the femur in the upper part of the leg.

149
Q

Fibul/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Fibula (smaller bone in the calf)

A fibular fracture would be a break of the fibula

150
Q

Humer/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Humerus (upper bone in the arm)

When one hits the humeral nerve, it is often described as hitting the funny bone.

151
Q

Ili/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Ilium (pelvic bones)

The iliac crest of the pelvis is used as a landmark for administering intramuscular injections.

152
Q

Lamin/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Lamina of a vertebra

A laminectomy, removing a portion of the vertebra, may be performed by a surgeon to relieve back pain.

153
Q

Mandibul/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Mandible (lower jaw, the only moveable bone in the skull)

Temporomandibular join (TMJ) pain occurs when the bone of the mandible does not align correctly with the temporal bone to which it is attached.

154
Q

Maxilli/o

A

The Musculoskeletal System: Maxilla (upper jaw)

Maxillary sinuses are located just above the maxilla of the face.

155
Q

Aden/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Gland

Lymphadenopathy is often found with viral illnesses such as infectious mononucleosis.

Gastrointestinal System: Gland

Sialadenitis is inflammation of the salivary glands.

156
Q

Angi/o, vas/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Vessel

Angioplasty may be performed to repair or remove a blockage found in a blood vessel.

157
Q

Aort/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Aorta

An aortic aneurysm is a ballooning out of this major vessel and is frequently life-threatening.

158
Q

Arteri/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Artery

Temporal arteritis is an inflammation of the temporal artery.

159
Q

Ather/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Yellow, fatty, plague

Atherosclerosis is the hardening of the arteries due to deposits of yellow, fatty plaque.

160
Q

Atri/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Atrium (atria), upper chambers of the heart

The atrioventricular node is located between the atrium and ventricle of the heart and provides stimulation for the heart’s beat.

161
Q

Cardi/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Heart

Cardiac surgery pertains to surgery on the heart.

162
Q

Erythr/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Red

Erythrocytes are the red blood cells, which are responsible for transporting oxygen.

163
Q

Hem/o, hemat/o

A

Blood

The Cardiovascular System:
Hemodialysis is the cleansing of the blood by a machine; a hematologist is one who specializes in blood disorders.

Urinary System:
In some cases of nephrolithiasis, hematuria, or blood in the urine, is present.

164
Q

Leuc/o, leuk/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: White

Leukocytes are the white cells that help protect the body from infections

165
Q

Lymph/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Lymph

Clear white fluid.

Lymphoma is a tumor found in the lymph system.

166
Q

Phleb/o, ven/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Vein

A phlebotomist or venipuncture is a person who draws a patient’s blood for diagnostic testing.

167
Q

Splen/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Spleen

When a person’s spleen becomes overactive and removes too many blood cells, a splenectomy, the removal of the spleen, might have to be performed.

168
Q

Thromb/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Clot

Thrombophlebitis is an inflammation of a vein due to a blood clot.

169
Q

Ventricul/o

A

The Cardiovascular System: Ventricle, lower chambers of the heart

Ventricular bigeminy is an abnormal heart rhythm involving the ventricles of the heart.

170
Q

Aer/o

A

The Respiratory System: Air

Anaerobic microorganisms prefer a lack of air for growth.

171
Q

Atel/o

A

The Respiratory System: Imperfect

Atelectasis means imperfect stretching. In premature infants, atelectasis indicates that the lungs cannot expand fully.

172
Q

Bronch/o, bronchi/o

A

The Respiratory System: Bronchus (bronchi)

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchi found in upper respiratory tract infections; bronchiectasis is an abnormal stretching of the bronchi

173
Q

Bronchiol/o

A

The Respiratory System: Bronchioles (little bronchi)

Toddlers are often diagnosed with bronchiolitis, an inflammation of the bronchioles.

174
Q

Laryng/o

A

The Respiratory System: Larynx (voice box)

A laryngectomy is the surgical removal of the larynx, usually due to cancer.

175
Q

Lob/o

A

The Respiratory System: Lobes

Lobar pneumonia indicates an infection in only one lobe of a lung. A lobectomy is the surgical removal of a lobe of a lung.

176
Q

Muc/o

A

The Respiratory System: Mucus

The mucous membranes are responsible for secreting mucus in the respiratory tract.

177
Q

Nas/o, rhin/o

A

The Respiratory System: Nose

Nasal sprays are used in the nose to alleviate symptoms of rhinitis, an inflammation of the nose and nasal passages.

178
Q

Ox/o

A

The Respiratory System: Oxygen

Hypoxia is a condition of below-normal oxygen levels.

179
Q

Pharyng/o

A

The Respiratory System: Pharynx (throat)

The pharyngeal tonsils are the lymph glands found in the back of the throat.

180
Q

Pleur/o

A

The Respiratory System: Pleura (membrane surrounding each lung)

Pleurisy is an inflammation of the pleura around one of the lungs.

181
Q

Pneum/o, pnemon/o

A

The Respiratory System: Lung, air

A pneumothorax is a collapsed lung from air rushing in; pneumonitis is an inflammation of a lung, more commonly known as pneumonia.

182
Q

Pulmon/o

A

The Respiratory System: Lung

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease that affects the lungs and the oxygen levels.

183
Q

Sinus/o

A

The Respiratory System: Sinus(es)

Sinusitis is an inflammation of the sinuses, often from an allergic reaction.

184
Q

Spir/o

A

The Respiratory System: To breathe

A spirometer is a device that measures the amount of air a patient breathes in and out. Respiratory literally means “pertaining to repeated breathing.”

185
Q

Tonsill/o

A

The Respiratory System: Tonsil(s)

In repeated cases of strep throat, a tonsillectomy, a surgical removal of the tonsils, may be performed.

186
Q

Trache/o

A

The Respiratory System: Trachea (windpipe)

A tracheotomy is performed when a person is unable to breathe through the mouth or nose; this involves creating a new opening for air to pass.

187
Q

-Ptysis

A

The Respiratory System: to spit

Hemoptysis is spitting up blood.

188
Q

Viscera

A

Collective term that means internal organs.

189
Q

Ascites

A

Abnormal fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity.

190
Q

-Eum

A

Membrane

191
Q

Abdomin/o

A

Abdomen

192
Q

Aliment/o

A

Nourishment, food

Gastrointestinal system:
Hyperalimentation is the process of providing more or additional nourishment.

193
Q

Amyl/o

A

Starch

Gastrointestinal system:
Amylase is an enzyme secreted by the pancreas that breaks down starches into simple sugars.

194
Q

An/o

A

Anus

Gastrointestinal system:
An anal fissure is a tear in the anus, the terminal portion of digestive (GI) tract.

195
Q

Append/o,
Appendic/o

A

Appendix

Gastrointestinal system:
An appendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix, a small projection of the cecum; appendicitis is the condition most frequently leads to this operation.

196
Q

Bucc/o

A

Cheek

Gastrointestinal system:
Dentists frequently administer local anesthetic into the buccal (cheek) area.

197
Q

cec/o

A

Cecum (the first segment of the large intestine)

Gastrointestinal system:
The ileocecal junction is where the small intestine merges with the large intestine.

198
Q

Cheil/o

A

Lip(s)

Gastrointestinal system:
Cheilitis is an inflammation of the lip.

199
Q

Cholecyst/o

A

Gallbladder

Gastrointestinal system:
Cholecystolithiasis is the condition most commonly referred to as gallstones.

200
Q

Choled/o

A

Common bile duct

Gastrointestinal system:
Choledolithomy is the process of removing stones from the common bile duct.

201
Q

Col/o, colon/o

A

(large) intestine, colon

Gastrointestinal system:
A colostomy is the formation of a new opening into the colon; a colonoscopy is the process of using a lighted instrument to visualize the colon.

202
Q

Dent/i, dent/o, odont/o

A

Tooth

Gastrointestinal system:
A dentist is a tooth specialist.

203
Q

Duoden/o

A

Duodenum (first section of small intestine)

Gastrointestinal system:
Duodenal ulcers develop as a result of too much stomach acid passing from the stomach into the duodenum

204
Q

Enter/o

A

(Small) intestine

Gastrointestinal system:
Enteral stasis is a condition that occurs when digestion fails to take place in the small intestine

205
Q

Epiglott/o

A

Epiglottis

Gastrointestinal system:
Epiglottitis is an inflammation of the epiglottis, the structure that closes over the trachea to prevent food from passing into the respiratory system.

206
Q

Esophag/o

A

Esophagus (food tube)

Gastrointestinal system:
Esophageal ulcers can occur when a patient has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and acid backs up into the esophagus.

207
Q

Gastro/o

A

Stomach

Gastrointestinal system:
A gastrectomy is a partial surgical removal of the stomach.

208
Q

Gloss/o, lingu/o

A

Tongue

Gastrointestinal system:
Ankyloglossia is a condition of being “tongue tied.”

209
Q

Hepat/o

A

Liver

Gastrointestinal system:
Hepatitis is a viral inflammation of the liver; at least five viruses cause hepatitis.

210
Q

ile/o

A

Ileum (last section of the small intestine)

Gastrointestinal system:
The Ileocecal junction is where the ileum joins with the first section of the large intestine, the cecum.

211
Q

Intestin/o

A

Intestine

Gastrointestinal system:
Gastrointestinal pertains to the stomach and intestines.

212
Q

jejun/o

A

Jejunum (second section of the small intestine)

a jejunectomy is the surgical removal of the jejunum.

213
Q

Lith/o

A

Stone, calculus

Gastrointestinal system:
Sialolithectomy is the surgical removal of the salivary stones.

Urinary System:
Nephrolithiasis is a condition of having kidney stones

214
Q

Or/o, stomat/o

A

Mouth

Gastrointestinal system:
Oral means pertaining to the mouth.

215
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Pancreas

Gastrointestinal system:
Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas that causes the patient a good deal of pain; pancreatic secretions include amylase, lipase, and insulin.

216
Q

Periton/o

A

Peritoneum

Gastrointestinal system:
The peritoneal cavity is lined by the peritoneum and houses the viscera.

217
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Pharynx (throat)

Gastrointestinal system:
Oropharyngeal means “pertaining to the mouth and the throat.”

218
Q

Proct/o, rect/o

A

Rectum

Gastrointestinal system:
A rectal examination involves a digital examination of the rectum; a proctologist is a specialist in rectal diseases.

219
Q

Sial/o

A

Saliva

Gastrointestinal system:
Sialolithiasis is a condition of having stones in a salivary (gland).

220
Q

Sigmoid/o

A

Sigmoid colon

Gastrointestinal system:
A sigmoidectomy is the surgical removal of the sigmoid colon, part of the large intestine.

221
Q

Sigm-

A

Means an S shape

222
Q

-ase

A

Enzyme

Gastrointestinal system:
Amylase, protease, and lipase are all enzymes that break down food products for assimilation into the body.

223
Q

Cerebell/o

A

Cerebellum

Nervous System:
If there is an interruption of cerebellar nerve impulses, voluntary movements of the body become difficult.

224
Q

Electr/o

A

Electricity

Nervous System:
An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a recording of the electrical impulses transmitted by the brain.

225
Q

Encephal/o, cerebr/o

A

Brain, cerebrum

Nervous System:
Viral encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain by a virus; the cerebral part of the brain is what gives each individual unique personalities and thought processes.

226
Q

Mening/o

A

Meninges

Nervous System:
Meningococcal encephalitis is an infection of the meninges resulting in inflammation of the brain.

227
Q

Phas/o

A

Speech

Nervous System:
Occasionally when a patient has a stroke, aphasia, or inability to speak can occur.

228
Q

Gluc/o, glyc/o

A

Sugar, sweet

Endocrine system:
Glucosuria and glycosuria both mean “sugar in the urine.”

229
Q

Parathyroid/o

A

Parathyroid glands

Endocrine system:
Hyperparathyroidism is a condition of excessive parathyroid activity.

230
Q

Thym/o

A

Thymus gland

Endocrine system:
Thymosin is a hormone secreted by the thymus gland.

231
Q

Thyr/o

A

Thyroid gland, shield

Endocrine system:
Thyrotoxicosis is a serious condition of the thyroid being “poisoned.”

232
Q

Toxic/o

A

Poison

Endocrine system:
Thyrotoxicosis is a serious condition of the thyroid being “poisoned.”

233
Q

-oid

A

Resembling

Endocrine system:
Thyroid means “resembling a shield”

234
Q

-ose

A

Sugar

Endocrine system:
Sucrose and lactose are different types of sugars than glucose.

235
Q

Bacteri/o

A

Bacteria

Urinary System:
Bacteriuria indicates the presence of bacteria in the urine, usually from a urinary tract infection (UTI).

236
Q

Cyst/o

A

Bladder, sac

Urinary System:
A cystoscopy is the viewing of the interior of the bladder with a lighted instrument.

237
Q

Glomerul/o

A

Glomerulus, filtering unit of a nephron

Urinary System:
Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomerulus of the nephrons.

238
Q

Nephr/o, ren/o

A

Nephron, functional cell of the kidney, kidney

Urinary System:
A nephrectomy is the removal of a kidney; the renal artery supplies blood to the kidney.

239
Q

Noct/o

A

Night

Urinary System:
Older patients frequently complain of nocturia a condition of having to get up during the night to void.

240
Q

Py/o

A

Pus

Urinary System:
Pyuria is the presence of pus in the urine.

241
Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis

Urinary System:
Pyelolithotomy is the surgical removal of kidney stones from the renal pelvis.

242
Q

ureter/o

A

Ureter

Urinary System:
A ureteroscopy is the procedure of viewing the ureter (s) with a scope.

243
Q

Urethr/o

A

Urethra

Urinary System:
A voiding cystourethrogram is an examination that is done while a patient is voiding, which allows visualization of the bladder and the urethra.

244
Q

Audi/o

A

Sound, hearing

An audiogram is a record of how well a patient is able to hear various pitches of sound.

245
Q

Aur/o, ot/o

A

Ear

Aural and otic drops are used in the ear to soften earwax.

Microtia is a condition of very small ears.

246
Q

Blephar/o

A

Eyelid

Blepharoptosis is a sagging (drooping) eyelid.

247
Q

Conjunctiv/o

A

Conjunctiva(e)

Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the eye, commonly referred to as pinkeye.

248
Q

Corne/o

A

Cornea

A corneal abrasion is a scratch on the corner of the eye.

249
Q

Myring/o, tympan/o

A

Eardrum

A myringotomy is often performed on children to relieve pressure on the eardrum; a tympanic thermometer is one inserted into the ear canal to measure temperature.

250
Q

Ocul/o, ophthalm/o

A

Eye

Ocular implants are placed in the eye; an ophthalmologist is a specialist in the eye and associated diseases.

251
Q

Retin/o

A

Retina

Retinal surgery would be performed to repair a detached retina.

252
Q

Presby-

A

Aging, Elderly

Presbyopia and presbycusis are medical terms given to diminished vision and hearing associated with the aging process.

253
Q

-cusis

A

Hearing

Presbycusis is the medical term given to hearing loss that occurs as a result of the aging process.

254
Q

-ptosis

A

Sagging or drooping

Blepharoptosis is a sagging (drooping) eyelid.

255
Q

Olfact/o

A

Smell

The olfactory nerve endings in the nose provide the sense of smell.

256
Q

Amni/o

A

Amnion

Reproductive system:
Amniocentesis is a surgical puncture of the amnion (amniotic sac) for diagnostic testing for birth defects.

257
Q

Embry/o

A

Embryo

Reproductive system:
Embryology is the study of human development through the eighth week after conception.

258
Q

Gravida

A

Pregnancy

Reproductive system:
The term nulli gravida indicates a woman has never been pregnant.

259
Q

Gyn/o, gynec/o

A

Female, woman

Reproductive system:
A gynecologist is a specialist in the anatomy of the female reproductive system.

260
Q

Hyster/o, metr/o, uter/o

A

Uterus

Reproductive system:
A hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus; a ureteroscopy might be performed prior to the surgery. Metrorrhagia is uterine bleeding at the time other than the monthly cycle.

261
Q

Lact/o

A

Milk

Reproductive system:
Prolactin is a hormone secreted by the pituitary glad so a mother can nurse her baby by producing milk.

262
Q

Mammo/o, mast/o

A

Breast

Reproductive system:
A mammogram is a common radiologic test for the detection of breast cancer; a mastopexy may be done to correct sagging breasts.

263
Q

Men/o

A

Month, menstruation

Reproductive system:
Menopause is when a women no longer has monthly periods.

264
Q

Nat/o

A

Birth

Reproductive system:
A neonate is a newborn; the prenatal period pertains to the months prior to the baby’s birth.

265
Q

Oophor/o, ovari/o

A

Ovary

Reproductive system:
An oophorectomy, surgical removal of an ovary, may be performed in the case of an ovarian cyst.

266
Q

Orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, test/o

A

Testes

Reproductive system:
Cryptorchidism is a condition in which one or both testes have not descended in the male and can require an orchiopexy to correct. Testosterone is the hormone produced by the testes in the male.

267
Q

Ov/o

A

Egg

Reproductive system:
Ov/o means “pertaining to an egg”; an oval is shaped like an egg.

268
Q

Prostat/o

A

Prostate

Reproductive system:
A prostatectomy is the surgical removal of the prostate.

269
Q

Salping/o

A

Tube (fallopian)

Reproductive system:
Salpingitis is an inflammation of the fallopian tube that can impede pregnancy.

270
Q

Sperm/o, spermat/o

A

Sperm

Reproductive system:
A spermicide kills sperm and prevents pregnancy.

271
Q

Abbreviation:

Abd, abdo

A

Abdomen

272
Q

Abbreviation:

AF

A

Atrial fibrillation

273
Q

Abbreviation:

ASHD

A

Arteriosclerotic heart disease

274
Q

Abbreviation:

BP

A

Blood pressure

275
Q

Abbreviation:

CA, ca

A

Cancer, carcinoma

276
Q

Abbreviation:

CAD

A

Coronary artery disease

277
Q

Abbreviation:

COPD

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

278
Q

Abbreviation:

CSF

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

279
Q

Abbreviation:

CVA

A

Cerebrovascular accident (stroke)

280
Q

Abbreviation:

DM

A

Diabetes mellitus

281
Q

Abbreviation:

ECG, EKG

A

Electrocardiogram

282
Q

Abbreviation:

EEG

A

Electroencephalogram

283
Q

Abbreviation:

EGD

A

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

284
Q

Abbreviation:

FBS

A

Fasting blood sugar

285
Q

Abbreviation:

Fx

A

Fracture

286
Q

Abbreviation:

GERD

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

287
Q

Abbreviation:

GI

A

Gastrointestinal

288
Q

Abbreviation:

GU

A

Genitourinary

289
Q

Abbreviation:

GYN

A

Gynecology

290
Q

Abbreviation:

HPV

A

Human papilloma virus

291
Q

Abbreviation:

IV

A

Intravenous

292
Q

Abbreviation:

MI

A

Myocardial infarction

293
Q

Abbreviation:

OA

A

Osteoarthritis

294
Q

Abbreviation:

OP

A

Osteroporosis

295
Q

Abbreviation:

PVD

A

Peripheral vascular disease

296
Q

Abbreviation:

THR

A

Total hip replacement

297
Q

Abbreviation:

TKR

A

Total knee replacement

298
Q

Abbreviation:

TMJ

A

Temporomandibular joint

299
Q

Abbreviation:

UA

A

Urinalysis

300
Q

Abbreviation:

UGI

A

Upper GI (series)

301
Q

Abbreviation:

URI

A

Upper respiratory infection

302
Q

Abbreviation:

UTI

A

Urinary tract infection

303
Q

Abbreviation:

VF

A

Ventricular fibrillation

304
Q

Abbreviation

QID

A

Four times a day

305
Q

Abbreviation

TID

A

Three times a day

306
Q

Abbreviation

BID

A

Twice a day

307
Q

Abbreviation

ESRD

A

End stage renal disease

308
Q

-ectasis

A

Stretching, dialating

309
Q

Ana-

A

apart

310
Q

-tom

A

Cutting

311
Q

-y, -tion, -ate

A

Process of

312
Q

Ana/tom/y

A

Anatomy is the process of cutting apart. It is the study of body parts by dissection.

313
Q

-ology

A

Study of

314
Q

Bio

A

life

315
Q

Bio/logy

A

study of life

316
Q

Physio

A

Nature

317
Q

Physi/ology

A

Study of nature or natural function of body.

318
Q

Ante

A

In front of

319
Q

Anter/ior

A

in the front

320
Q

Poster

A

Behind

321
Q

Poster/ior

A

in back of

322
Q

Super/ior

A

above a part

323
Q

Infer

A

below

324
Q

Infer/ior

A

Below a part

325
Q

Caud

A

tail

326
Q

Caud/al

A

pertaining to the tail

327
Q

Crani/al

A

Pertaining to the skull

328
Q

Dist

A

distant

329
Q

Dist/al

A

pertaining to a distant part

330
Q

Dors

A

Back

331
Q

Dors/al

A

Pertaining to the back

332
Q

Later-

A

side

333
Q

Later/al

A

Pertaining to the side

334
Q

Medi/al

A

Pertaining to the middle

335
Q

Medi-

A

Middle

336
Q

Proxim-

A

Near

337
Q

Proxim/al

A

Pertaining to nearness or closeness

338
Q

Ventr–

A

Belly, front side

339
Q

Ventri/al

A

Pertaining to the belly or front side

340
Q

-saccharide

A

Sugar containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

341
Q

-Cellular

A

Pertaining to cell(s)

342
Q

Poly-

A

many, much

343
Q

Uni-

A

One

344
Q

Di-

A

Two

345
Q

Alopec

A

Baldness

346
Q

Vascul

A

Blood Vessels

347
Q

-ia

A

Abnormal condition, condition of

348
Q

a/vascul/ar

A

Being without blood vessels

349
Q

Decubit

A

Bedsore

350
Q

-us, -a, -um

A

Presence of, pertaining to

351
Q

Decubit/us

A

Presence of bedsore, pressure sore

352
Q

Dermat-

A

Skin

353
Q

Dermat/itis

A

Inflammation of the skin

354
Q

epi/dermis

A

upon the skin, top layer of skin

355
Q

-Thermia

A

heat

356
Q

hyper/thermia

A

Above normal heat

357
Q

Hypo/thermia

A

below normal heat

358
Q

Melan

A

black

359
Q

Papill

A

Pimple

360
Q

Melan/oma

A

Tumor of blackness, usually malignant

361
Q

Sebac

A

Grease or oil

362
Q

Sebac/e/ous

A

Pertaining to oil glands

363
Q

Stratum

A

Layer

364
Q

Corneum

A

Horny

365
Q

Stratum Corneum

A

Horny layer of skin

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