Medical Terminology Flashcards

Question

PTX

Answer 1

pneumothorax: a collapsed lung; occurs when air leaks into the space between the lung and chest wall, pushes on the outside of the lung and makes it collapse

Answer 2

prolonged mechanical ventilation

Answer 3

pulled out of normal alignment

Answer 4

closed or simple fracture: doesn't break the skin open or compound fracture: skin is torn

Answer 5

surgery to remove tension or pressure; commonly used to treat the resulting loss of circulation to an area of tissue or muscle such as with compartment syndrome

Answer 6

spread to a different body part from where it started

Answer 7

diabetic ketoacidosis: body starts breaking down fat at a rate that is much too fast

Answer 8

posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF): two types of spinal fusion that utilize a posterior (back area incision) approach to fuse the lumbar spine bones together

Answer 9

swelling of kidney 2/2 build-up of urine; happens when urine cannot drain out from the kidney to the bladder from a blockage or obstruction

Answer 10

radiculopathy: condition due to a compressed nerve in the spine that can cause pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness myeloradiculopathy: disease of the spinal cord and nerve roots

Answer 11

Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (typically see patients 2 to -2)

Answer 12

thrombus: blood clot forms in the vein embolus: anything that moves through the blood vessels until it reaches a vessel that is too small to let it pass; often a small piece of a blood clot that breaks off (thromboembolus)

Answer 13

an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles (myocardial ischemia)

Answer 14

coronary artery disease or coronary heart disease: happens when the arteries that supply blood to heart muscle become hardened and narrowed

Answer 15

paralysis of one side of the body

Answer 16

obstruction of the blood supply to an organ or region of tissue, typically by a thrombus or embolus, causing local death of the tissue

Answer 17

narrowing of the spaces within your spine which can put pressure on the nerves;

Answer 18

tricuspid valve replacement

Answer 19

irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) that can lead to blood clots, stroke, heart failure and other heart-related complications

Answer 20

infection and inflammation of air sacs in your lungs

Answer 21

condition in which you lack enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your body's tissues

Answer 22

condition that causes scar tissue to gradually replace your healthy liver cells

Answer 23

surgical procedure that involves replacing half of the hip joint

Answer 24

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs

Answer 25

a surgical operation to remove the back of one or more vertebrae, usually to give access to the spinal cord or to relieve pressure on nerves

Answer 26

area of blood that collects outside of the larger blood vessels

Answer 27

tool to assess LOC following TBI

Answer 28

common complication of TBI

Answer 29

when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of your bones wears down over time

Answer 30

(Complete Blood Count): A count of the various types of cells present in the blood, chiefly: red cells (for carrying oxygen), white cells (for fighting infection), and platelets (for prevention of bleeding).

Answer 31

a thin, flexible tube (catheter) placed in a larger vein or artery to deliver medications or necessary fluids and nutrients to the body. Broviac catheters are usually placed in the upper chest and tunnel under the skin to enter the vena cava, the large blood vessel in the center of the body carrying blood to the heart. PICC lines (percutaneously inserted central catheters) are usually threaded through a vein in the arm to the vena cava

Answer 32

percutaneously inserted central catheters) are usually threaded through a vein in the arm to the vena cava

Answer 33

The superior vena cava and inferior vena cava are very large veins that bring deoxygenated blood to your heart to get oxygen

Answer 34

Leakage of air from the normal passageways of the lung into the space surrounding the lung inside the chest wall, causing a partial or complete collapse of the lung.

Answer 35

A buildup of fluid between the tissues that line the lungs and the chest. Fluid can accumulate around the lungs due to poor pumping by the heart or by inflammation.

Answer 36

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure - a form of ventilator assistance which helps to keep the baby's lungs properly expanded. CPAP does not breathe for the baby, but allows the baby to breathe into a "wind."

Answer 37

A test done to look at the heart using soundwaves through the chest wall. This is much like an ultrasound done during pregnancy and is neither harmful nor painful.

Answer 38

Intraventricular hemorrhage: A collection of blood in and around the ventricles (hollow portions) of the brain

Answer 39

A yellow coloration of the skin and eyes caused by increased amounts of bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is a break-down product of red blood cells; it is processed and excreted by the liver. Treatments for jaundice include phototherapy ("bili-lights") and (rarely) exchange transfusion. Phototherapy helps bilirubin to be excreted into the intestine.

Answer 40

Infection of the fluid that cushions and surrounds the brain and spinal cord

Answer 41

Necrotizing enterocolitis: An infection of the wall of the intestines, which may spread to the blood

Answer 42

Total parenteral nutrition: Protein and sometimes fats given along with sugars and salts by vein when the baby cannot tolerate complete feedings by nipple or gavage

Answer 43

Patent ductus arteriosus: A small vessel which allows blood to bypass the lungs. This vessel is open while the baby is in the womb, but normally closes shortly after delivery. If the vessel fails to close on its own, special medication or surgery may be needed.

Answer 44

Respiratory distress syndrome: A common breathing problem of premature infants caused by insufficient surfactant in the baby's lung (makes the lungs flexible and keeps them from collapsing)

Answer 45

Infection of the fluid that cushions and surrounds the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 46

A surgical opening in the trachea, below the larynx (voice box) to allow air to enter the lungs; usually done to by-pass a narrowing in the area immediately below the larynx.