Medical Terminology Flashcards
1
Q
bowel sounds
A
intestinal sounds heard from auscultating over the abdomen
2
Q
diffuse
A
generalized
3
Q
distention
A
enlarged or swollen due to internal pressure
4
Q
femoral pulse deficit
A
pulse is either skipped or absent over the femoral artery
5
Q
guarding
A
tensing of abdominal wall muscles
6
Q
hepatomegaly
A
enlarged liver
7
Q
mass
A
an enlargement
8
Q
mcburneys point
A
appendix location
9
Q
murphys sign
A
tests for tenderness over gallbadder
10
Q
organomegaly
A
enlarged organs
11
Q
peritoneal signs
A
rebound tenderness, guarding
12
Q
prominent aortic pulsation
A
a larger than expected pulsating mass while palpating midline over abdomen
13
Q
psoas sign
A
physical exam maneuver where the patient feels abd pain when externally rotating the hip
14
Q
rebound
A
pain elicited upon releasing hand from abd palpation
15
Q
rigidity
A
a stiff abd wall discovered on exam
16
Q
rovsings sign
A
pain is elicited in RLQ upon palpation of LLQ
17
Q
splenomegaly
A
enlarged spleen
18
Q
CVA tenderness
A
CVA, area over kidneys, flank area
19
Q
paraspinal
A
along either side of spine
20
Q
sciatica
A
compression or irritation of sciatic nerve leading to back pain radiating posteriorly behind the lower extremity
21
Q
straight leg raise
A
shows sciatica
22
Q
vertebral point tenderness
A
tenderness directly over spine
23
Q
aortic aneurysm
A
diagnosis of enlarged aorta
24
Q
aortic dissection
A
arterial wall splits apart
25
aortic rupture
arterial wall breaks open, ruptured aortic aneurysm trauma
26
aortic valve
a heart valve between LV and ascending aorta
27
a-fib
irregular beating of atria
28
atrial flutter
irregular beating of atria 2 to 1 block or 3 to 1 block
29
atrial septal defect
hole in atrial septum that causes blood to mix b/w RA and LA
30
axis
the direction of the vector of cardiac electrical activity
31
bradycardia
low heart rate
32
cardiac angiogram
xray image of coronary vessels that stand out when dye is injected into them
33
cardiac catheterization
inserts angiocatheter into a large artery and advances it up into the aorta and into coronary arteries
34
cardiac ischemia
decreased blood flow to coronary arteries and heart
35
cardiac stent
device that is deployed into a blocked coronary artery in order to open it
36
cardiomegaly
enlarged heart
37
cariomyopathy
dysfunctional heart muscle
38
complete heart block
complete block in the electrical conduction at the AV node
39
dilated cardiomyopathy
dysfunctional heart muscle because of an enlarged heart
40
echocardiogram
ultrasound of heart
41
ectopy
an abnormal beat seen on EKG
42
electrical cardioversion
shocking the heart with paddles
43
extra systoles
extra beats of the heart
44
friction rub
crunch sound heard over the heart when ausculating
45
gallop
extra heart sound
46
JVD
jugular venous distention
47
murmur
abnormal heart sound
48
myocarditis
inflammation of the heart muscle
49
PAC
pre atrial contraction
50
PVC
pre ventrical contraction
51
pericardial tamponade
diagnosis due to fluid in the pericardium that exerts pressure on the heart and hampers the ability to contract normally
52
pericardiocentesis
procedure in which a needle is used to drain fluid from the pericardium
53
persantine-thallium test
a test for cardiac disease performed on patients who cannot complete an exercise stress test
54
STEMI
ST evaluation myocardial infarction (acute MI)
55
N-STEMI
a non segment elevation MI is a heart attack that is not diagnosed on the EKG but is diagnosed by an elevated troponin on blood test
56
stridor
upper airway noise heard on respiration
57
tachypnea
increased respiratory rate >20
58
U wave
a wave seen after the T wave
59
valvular vegetation
an infectious growth on the cardiac valves
60
ventricular septal defect (VSD)
a hole in the ventricular septum that causes blood to mix between the RV and LV
61
ventricular wall thrombus
a blood clot that attaches to the inside will of the ventricle
62
conjunctival exudate
pus in the eye
63
decreased gag reflex
decrease ability to protect airway by closing the glottis when stimulated by tongue depressor
64
loss of TM landmarks
eardrum with abnormal anatomy
65
NCAT
normal cephalic atraumatic
66
nystagmus
involuntary movements of the eye balls
67
otitis externa
out ear infection
68
otitis media
middle ear infection
69
pale conjunctiva
pale inner aspect of the eyelid
70
periorbital ecchymosis
bruising around eyes
71
peritonsilar abscess
pocket of pus around the tonsils
72
pharyngeal erythema
redness of the pharynx
73
poor handling of secretions
drooling at the mouth
74
purulent nasal drainage
pus coming out from the nose
75
scleral icterus
yellowing of the sclera due to jaundice
76
subconjunctival hemorrhage
blood in the white of the eye
77
sunken eyes
cause of dehydration
78
TM dullness
indicates ear infection
79
TM erythema
red ear drum
80
tonsillar exudate
pus on tonsils
81
trismus
inability to open the mouth due to inflammed jaw muscles
82
cephalad
towards the head
83
caudal
towards the feet
84
everted
turned outward
85
inverted
turned away
86
levator
that which raises
87
brudzinski sign
neck pain elicited by flexing neck downward
88
carotid bruit
turbulent blood flow heard from auscultating over the carotid artery
89
JVD
jugular venous distention
90
Kernigs
neck pain elicited by flexing hip, knee to chest
91
lymphadenopathy
enlarged lymph nodes
92
meningismus
stiff neck
93
supple
free moving
94
thyromegaly
enlarged thyroid
95
aniscoria
unequal diameter of pupils
96
antalgic gait
limping
97
APD
afferent pupillary defect, abnormal finding of dilation of pupil instead of constriction
98
aphasic
without speech
99
babinski sign
big toe dorsiflexes when sole of foot is stimulated
100
clonus
involuntary muscle contractions and relaxations
101
CN
cranial nerves
102
decreased rectal tone
diminished contraction of the anal sphincter muscle
103
dysphasia
speech impairment
104
EOM palsy
paralysis of the extra ocular movements
105
EOMI
extraocular movements intact
106
facial palsy
paralysis of the face
107
finger nose finger
testing cerebellum function
108
fundoscopic exam
inside of eyes as seen with opthalmoscope
109
hemiparesis
weakness on one half of the body
110
Normal DTR's
deep tendon reflexes normal
111
oriented x 3
oriented to person, place and time
112
papilledema
swelling of the optic nerve noted in fundi exam
113
pronator drift
involuntarily turning the forearm inward on exam
114
romberg sign
falling to one side when standing with feet together
115
strength 5/5 x 4 extremities
full strength for both arms and both legs
116
tongue deviation
tongue pointing to one side
117
non specific bowel gas pattern
normal intestinal gas pattern
118
air fluid level
flat line between air and fluid
119
SBO
small bowel obstruction
120
distended bowel
intestines that are distended usually with air
121
megacolon
very distended intestine
122
gastric air bubble
the air fluid level that is in the stomach
123
volvulus
twisted large intestine resulting in a large bowel obstruction
124
hepatic flexure
the turn that the ascending colon takes at the level off the liver
125
splenic flexure
the turn that the transverse colon takes at the level of the spleen
126
appendicolith
a calcified stone seen in the appendix
127
lleus
the presence of multiple air fluids due to lack of peristalsis and not due to a BO
128
thumb printing
appearance of thumb prints in the intestinal wall
129
stacked coin appearance
the appearance of stacked coins seen in the small bowel when there is an obstruction
130
lucency
blackness on the xray
131
opacity
whiteness on the xray
132
poor technique
an xray that is difficult to fully assess bc either it was shot improperly or patient moved too much
133
over-read
refers to either the ER doc reading too much into xray to diagnose a problem or radiologist has different diagnosis than doc
134
nighthawk
name for the off site radiologist that reads the xray after the inhouse radiologist goes home
135
NAD
no acute disease
136
rotated
when that patient is rotated instead of being en face with the xray camera during the xray pic
137
infiltrate
fluid seen within the lung tissue
138
atelectasis
alveoli are deflated
139
pulmonary vascular congestion
the blood vessels are congested
140
pleural effusion
fluid around the lung
141
hyperinflation
very large lung volume
142
underinflated
small lung size usually due to not taking in a deep breath
143
pneumothorax
deflated or popped lung
144
tortuous aorta
widened and not straight
145
carina
level of bifurcation in the trachea when it divides between the right and left main stem bronchi
146
cardiomegaly
enlarged heart size
147
CAP
community acquired pneumonia
148
costophrenic angles
the space or angle between the end of the diaphragm on one side and the chest wall
149
pericardial effusion
fluid in the pericardium
150
dependent area
the area closest to the ground
151
bronchial cuffing
increased opacity of the interstitium of the bronchioles
152
rales
wet/crackling sound heard
153
retractions
visible sinking of the chest wall with inspiration
154
rhonchi
sound of mucous rolling around in the bronchioles
155
wheezing
high pitched sound heard
156
angioplast
reconstruction of a blood vessel
157
arterial embolization
procedure in which a bleeding artery is clotted off in order to prevent growth of a tumor
158
arthrocetesis
using a needle to drain fluid from a joint
159
blood patch
blood taken and placed somewhere else to create blood clot
160
CABG
coronary artery bypass graft
161
cholecystectomy
removal of gallbladder
162
closed fracture reduction
broken bones are re-aligned w/o need to surgically incise skin
163
colectomy
excision of the large intestine
164
continuous nebs
continuous nebulized albuterol
165
craniotomy
surgical hole in skull
166
cutdown
incision is made in the skin and dissection is carried out down to the level of the vein
167
D&C
opening of the cervix and removal of uterine material
168
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopacreatography
169
escharotomy
incision over burned skin
170
fasciotomoy
incision into fascia
171
FAST scan
US is used in trauma to quickly determine presence of free fluid
172
fem-pop bypass
a graft is used to bypass a segment of severely atherosclerosed femoral artery in order to provide blood flow to the leg and prevent amputation
173
fluroscopy
fluroscope is used in order to actively x ray the patient during a procedure
174
fundoscopy
opthalmoscope is used to visualize the fundi (retina and optic nerve)
175
fusion
vertebral bodies are fused together
176
hematoma block
anestetic is placed with a needle and into the hematoma caused by broken bone
177
laparotomy
making a large incision in order to fully open the cavity to perform surgery
178
lateral canthotomy
the tendons of the lateral canthus of the eyelids are cut in order to relieve ocular pressure and permanent blindness
179
open fracture reduction
the broken bones are re aligned in the operating room
180
ORIF
open reduction with internal fixation
181
paracentesis
removal of fluid from belly
182
pleurodysis
causing the adherence of the visceral pleura in the chest with the parietal pleural of the inner chest wall
183
RSI
rapid sequence intubation
184
salpingectomy
fallopian tube removed
185
thoracentesis
remove fluid or air from pleural space
186
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate
187
tonometry
the procedure in which ocular pressure is measured
188
ventriculostomy
a surgical hole in the head to the level of the cerebral ventricle
189
abscess
collection of pus underneath the skin
190
atrophic
very thin skin
191
dehiscence
the splitting apart or separation in the skin
192
diaphoresis
sweat
193
erythematous
redness
194
hirsute
hairy
195
laceration
a cut in skin
196
lichenified
thick skin with very deep lines
197
macerated
crushed skin without defined borders
198
maculopapular rash
drug rash
199
mottled
skn that is very poor perfusion meaning poor blood circulation
200
pallor
pale
201
pruritic
itchy
202
turgor
skins ability to change shape and return to normal
203
tenting
skin pulled away from the body remains pulled away
204
adnexa
ovaries and fallopian tubes
205
afebrile
without fever
206
aneurysm
a widening of a blood vessel die to pressure on weakened tissues forming sac of blood
207
anisarca
total body swelling
208
aphasia
inability to express oneself through speech
209
arthralgia
pain in a joint
210
articulation
connection between bones
211
atelectasis
partial or total collapes of the alveoli
212
avulsion
a forcible pulling away of a part or structure
213
bruit
a murmur or sounds heard on auscultation
214
cerumen
ear wax
215
cholecystitis
inflammation of the gallbladder
216
cholelithiasis
production of gallstones
217
crepitus
a crackling or grating sound usually of bones
218
debridement
removal of foreign matter or dead tissue from a wound
219
diaphoresis
excessive or profuse sweating
220
differential diagnosis
a diagnosis of symptoms of two or more diseases by comparison
221
dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation
222
dyspareunia
painful intercourse
223
dyspepsia
indigestion
224
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
225
dyspnea
difficult and labored breathing
226
dysuria
painful or difficulty with urination
227
edentulous
without teeth
228
effusion
escape of fluid into a cavity
229
emaciate
to become extremely thin or lean
230
embolism
obstruction of blood vessel by a clot of blood or foreign substance
231
emesis
vomiting
232
epistaxis
nose bleed
233
erythema
redness
234
febrile
pertaining to fever
235
fluorescein
red, crystalline substance used in diagnostic examination of the eye
236
fontanel
anatomical feature of an infants skull
237
fundus
the large upper end of the uterus
238
grand mal
severe epileptic attack characterized by convulsions, stupor and temporary loc
239
gravid
being pregnant
240
hemangioma
tumor consisting of blood vessels
241
hematemesis
vomiting of blood
242
hematoma
swelling of blood due to ruptured blood vessels
243
hemothorax
blood fluid present in the pleural cavity
244
hepatosplenomegaly
enlargement of the liver and the spleen
245
ileus
air/fluid level on abdominal xray
246
induration
act of hardening
247
infarct
necrotic area of tissue follow cessation of blood supply
248
lacrimal
to do with tears
249
lymphadenopathy
enlargement of a lymph node
250
macule
small colored spot on the skin
251
malaise
generalized discomfort or weakness
252
malocclusion
imperfect closure or meeting of opposing teeth
253
myalgia
muscular pain
254
neuralgia
sharp pain along the course of a nerve or several nerves
255
nystagmus
involuntary rapid eye movement
256
occiput
back part of skull
257
odynophagia
painful swallowing
258
opthalmalgia
pain in the eye
259
Os
mouth, orfice
260
para
number of visible offspring
261
paresthesia
abnormal tactile sensation ofter described as burning, numbness or tingling
262
pruritis
itchy skin
263
purulent
consisting of pus or matter resemblin pus
264
rale
abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation
265
sclera
dense, fibrous, opaque, outer coat enclosing the eyeball except part covered by cornea
266
sepsis
presence of pathological microorganisms or their toxins in the blood
267
sputum
any matter mixed with saliva that is passed through the mouth
268
stellate
star shaped radiating from the center
269
stenosis
narrowing of a body opening or a passage
270
syncope
LOC
271
tinea
any of many different superficial fungal infections of the skin
272
tinnitis
ringing in the ear
273
torsion
twisting of an organ on its own
274
urticaria
hives
275
vasovagal
over stimulation of the PNS
276
vertigo
condition of dizziness
277
wheezing
difficult breathing with a whistling sound
