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Benchmark > Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

bowel sounds

A

intestinal sounds heard from auscultating over the abdomen

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2
Q

diffuse

A

generalized

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3
Q

distention

A

enlarged or swollen due to internal pressure

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4
Q

femoral pulse deficit

A

pulse is either skipped or absent over the femoral artery

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5
Q

guarding

A

tensing of abdominal wall muscles

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6
Q

hepatomegaly

A

enlarged liver

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7
Q

mass

A

an enlargement

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8
Q

mcburneys point

A

appendix location

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9
Q

murphys sign

A

tests for tenderness over gallbadder

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10
Q

organomegaly

A

enlarged organs

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11
Q

peritoneal signs

A

rebound tenderness, guarding

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12
Q

prominent aortic pulsation

A

a larger than expected pulsating mass while palpating midline over abdomen

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13
Q

psoas sign

A

physical exam maneuver where the patient feels abd pain when externally rotating the hip

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14
Q

rebound

A

pain elicited upon releasing hand from abd palpation

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15
Q

rigidity

A

a stiff abd wall discovered on exam

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16
Q

rovsings sign

A

pain is elicited in RLQ upon palpation of LLQ

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17
Q

splenomegaly

A

enlarged spleen

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18
Q

CVA tenderness

A

CVA, area over kidneys, flank area

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19
Q

paraspinal

A

along either side of spine

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20
Q

sciatica

A

compression or irritation of sciatic nerve leading to back pain radiating posteriorly behind the lower extremity

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21
Q

straight leg raise

A

shows sciatica

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22
Q

vertebral point tenderness

A

tenderness directly over spine

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23
Q

aortic aneurysm

A

diagnosis of enlarged aorta

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24
Q

aortic dissection

A

arterial wall splits apart

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25
Q

aortic rupture

A

arterial wall breaks open, ruptured aortic aneurysm trauma

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26
Q

aortic valve

A

a heart valve between LV and ascending aorta

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27
Q

a-fib

A

irregular beating of atria

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28
Q

atrial flutter

A

irregular beating of atria 2 to 1 block or 3 to 1 block

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29
Q

atrial septal defect

A

hole in atrial septum that causes blood to mix b/w RA and LA

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30
Q

axis

A

the direction of the vector of cardiac electrical activity

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31
Q

bradycardia

A

low heart rate

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32
Q

cardiac angiogram

A

xray image of coronary vessels that stand out when dye is injected into them

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33
Q

cardiac catheterization

A

inserts angiocatheter into a large artery and advances it up into the aorta and into coronary arteries

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34
Q

cardiac ischemia

A

decreased blood flow to coronary arteries and heart

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35
Q

cardiac stent

A

device that is deployed into a blocked coronary artery in order to open it

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36
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlarged heart

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37
Q

cariomyopathy

A

dysfunctional heart muscle

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38
Q

complete heart block

A

complete block in the electrical conduction at the AV node

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39
Q

dilated cardiomyopathy

A

dysfunctional heart muscle because of an enlarged heart

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40
Q

echocardiogram

A

ultrasound of heart

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41
Q

ectopy

A

an abnormal beat seen on EKG

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42
Q

electrical cardioversion

A

shocking the heart with paddles

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43
Q

extra systoles

A

extra beats of the heart

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44
Q

friction rub

A

crunch sound heard over the heart when ausculating

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45
Q

gallop

A

extra heart sound

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46
Q

JVD

A

jugular venous distention

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47
Q

murmur

A

abnormal heart sound

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48
Q

myocarditis

A

inflammation of the heart muscle

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49
Q

PAC

A

pre atrial contraction

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50
Q

PVC

A

pre ventrical contraction

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51
Q

pericardial tamponade

A

diagnosis due to fluid in the pericardium that exerts pressure on the heart and hampers the ability to contract normally

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52
Q

pericardiocentesis

A

procedure in which a needle is used to drain fluid from the pericardium

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53
Q

persantine-thallium test

A

a test for cardiac disease performed on patients who cannot complete an exercise stress test

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54
Q

STEMI

A

ST evaluation myocardial infarction (acute MI)

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55
Q

N-STEMI

A

a non segment elevation MI is a heart attack that is not diagnosed on the EKG but is diagnosed by an elevated troponin on blood test

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56
Q

stridor

A

upper airway noise heard on respiration

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57
Q

tachypnea

A

increased respiratory rate >20

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58
Q

U wave

A

a wave seen after the T wave

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59
Q

valvular vegetation

A

an infectious growth on the cardiac valves

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60
Q

ventricular septal defect (VSD)

A

a hole in the ventricular septum that causes blood to mix between the RV and LV

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61
Q

ventricular wall thrombus

A

a blood clot that attaches to the inside will of the ventricle

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62
Q

conjunctival exudate

A

pus in the eye

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63
Q

decreased gag reflex

A

decrease ability to protect airway by closing the glottis when stimulated by tongue depressor

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64
Q

loss of TM landmarks

A

eardrum with abnormal anatomy

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65
Q

NCAT

A

normal cephalic atraumatic

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66
Q

nystagmus

A

involuntary movements of the eye balls

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67
Q

otitis externa

A

out ear infection

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68
Q

otitis media

A

middle ear infection

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69
Q

pale conjunctiva

A

pale inner aspect of the eyelid

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70
Q

periorbital ecchymosis

A

bruising around eyes

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71
Q

peritonsilar abscess

A

pocket of pus around the tonsils

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72
Q

pharyngeal erythema

A

redness of the pharynx

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73
Q

poor handling of secretions

A

drooling at the mouth

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74
Q

purulent nasal drainage

A

pus coming out from the nose

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75
Q

scleral icterus

A

yellowing of the sclera due to jaundice

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76
Q

subconjunctival hemorrhage

A

blood in the white of the eye

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77
Q

sunken eyes

A

cause of dehydration

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78
Q

TM dullness

A

indicates ear infection

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79
Q

TM erythema

A

red ear drum

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80
Q

tonsillar exudate

A

pus on tonsils

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81
Q

trismus

A

inability to open the mouth due to inflammed jaw muscles

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82
Q

cephalad

A

towards the head

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83
Q

caudal

A

towards the feet

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84
Q

everted

A

turned outward

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85
Q

inverted

A

turned away

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86
Q

levator

A

that which raises

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87
Q

brudzinski sign

A

neck pain elicited by flexing neck downward

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88
Q

carotid bruit

A

turbulent blood flow heard from auscultating over the carotid artery

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89
Q

JVD

A

jugular venous distention

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90
Q

Kernigs

A

neck pain elicited by flexing hip, knee to chest

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91
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

enlarged lymph nodes

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92
Q

meningismus

A

stiff neck

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93
Q

supple

A

free moving

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94
Q

thyromegaly

A

enlarged thyroid

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95
Q

aniscoria

A

unequal diameter of pupils

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96
Q

antalgic gait

A

limping

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97
Q

APD

A

afferent pupillary defect, abnormal finding of dilation of pupil instead of constriction

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98
Q

aphasic

A

without speech

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99
Q

babinski sign

A

big toe dorsiflexes when sole of foot is stimulated

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100
Q

clonus

A

involuntary muscle contractions and relaxations

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101
Q

CN

A

cranial nerves

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102
Q

decreased rectal tone

A

diminished contraction of the anal sphincter muscle

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103
Q

dysphasia

A

speech impairment

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104
Q

EOM palsy

A

paralysis of the extra ocular movements

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105
Q

EOMI

A

extraocular movements intact

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106
Q

facial palsy

A

paralysis of the face

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107
Q

finger nose finger

A

testing cerebellum function

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108
Q

fundoscopic exam

A

inside of eyes as seen with opthalmoscope

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109
Q

hemiparesis

A

weakness on one half of the body

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110
Q

Normal DTR’s

A

deep tendon reflexes normal

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111
Q

oriented x 3

A

oriented to person, place and time

112
Q

papilledema

A

swelling of the optic nerve noted in fundi exam

113
Q

pronator drift

A

involuntarily turning the forearm inward on exam

114
Q

romberg sign

A

falling to one side when standing with feet together

115
Q

strength 5/5 x 4 extremities

A

full strength for both arms and both legs

116
Q

tongue deviation

A

tongue pointing to one side

117
Q

non specific bowel gas pattern

A

normal intestinal gas pattern

118
Q

air fluid level

A

flat line between air and fluid

119
Q

SBO

A

small bowel obstruction

120
Q

distended bowel

A

intestines that are distended usually with air

121
Q

megacolon

A

very distended intestine

122
Q

gastric air bubble

A

the air fluid level that is in the stomach

123
Q

volvulus

A

twisted large intestine resulting in a large bowel obstruction

124
Q

hepatic flexure

A

the turn that the ascending colon takes at the level off the liver

125
Q

splenic flexure

A

the turn that the transverse colon takes at the level of the spleen

126
Q

appendicolith

A

a calcified stone seen in the appendix

127
Q

lleus

A

the presence of multiple air fluids due to lack of peristalsis and not due to a BO

128
Q

thumb printing

A

appearance of thumb prints in the intestinal wall

129
Q

stacked coin appearance

A

the appearance of stacked coins seen in the small bowel when there is an obstruction

130
Q

lucency

A

blackness on the xray

131
Q

opacity

A

whiteness on the xray

132
Q

poor technique

A

an xray that is difficult to fully assess bc either it was shot improperly or patient moved too much

133
Q

over-read

A

refers to either the ER doc reading too much into xray to diagnose a problem or radiologist has different diagnosis than doc

134
Q

nighthawk

A

name for the off site radiologist that reads the xray after the inhouse radiologist goes home

135
Q

NAD

A

no acute disease

136
Q

rotated

A

when that patient is rotated instead of being en face with the xray camera during the xray pic

137
Q

infiltrate

A

fluid seen within the lung tissue

138
Q

atelectasis

A

alveoli are deflated

139
Q

pulmonary vascular congestion

A

the blood vessels are congested

140
Q

pleural effusion

A

fluid around the lung

141
Q

hyperinflation

A

very large lung volume

142
Q

underinflated

A

small lung size usually due to not taking in a deep breath

143
Q

pneumothorax

A

deflated or popped lung

144
Q

tortuous aorta

A

widened and not straight

145
Q

carina

A

level of bifurcation in the trachea when it divides between the right and left main stem bronchi

146
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlarged heart size

147
Q

CAP

A

community acquired pneumonia

148
Q

costophrenic angles

A

the space or angle between the end of the diaphragm on one side and the chest wall

149
Q

pericardial effusion

A

fluid in the pericardium

150
Q

dependent area

A

the area closest to the ground

151
Q

bronchial cuffing

A

increased opacity of the interstitium of the bronchioles

152
Q

rales

A

wet/crackling sound heard

153
Q

retractions

A

visible sinking of the chest wall with inspiration

154
Q

rhonchi

A

sound of mucous rolling around in the bronchioles

155
Q

wheezing

A

high pitched sound heard

156
Q

angioplast

A

reconstruction of a blood vessel

157
Q

arterial embolization

A

procedure in which a bleeding artery is clotted off in order to prevent growth of a tumor

158
Q

arthrocetesis

A

using a needle to drain fluid from a joint

159
Q

blood patch

A

blood taken and placed somewhere else to create blood clot

160
Q

CABG

A

coronary artery bypass graft

161
Q

cholecystectomy

A

removal of gallbladder

162
Q

closed fracture reduction

A

broken bones are re-aligned w/o need to surgically incise skin

163
Q

colectomy

A

excision of the large intestine

164
Q

continuous nebs

A

continuous nebulized albuterol

165
Q

craniotomy

A

surgical hole in skull

166
Q

cutdown

A

incision is made in the skin and dissection is carried out down to the level of the vein

167
Q

D&C

A

opening of the cervix and removal of uterine material

168
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopacreatography

169
Q

escharotomy

A

incision over burned skin

170
Q

fasciotomoy

A

incision into fascia

171
Q

FAST scan

A

US is used in trauma to quickly determine presence of free fluid

172
Q

fem-pop bypass

A

a graft is used to bypass a segment of severely atherosclerosed femoral artery in order to provide blood flow to the leg and prevent amputation

173
Q

fluroscopy

A

fluroscope is used in order to actively x ray the patient during a procedure

174
Q

fundoscopy

A

opthalmoscope is used to visualize the fundi (retina and optic nerve)

175
Q

fusion

A

vertebral bodies are fused together

176
Q

hematoma block

A

anestetic is placed with a needle and into the hematoma caused by broken bone

177
Q

laparotomy

A

making a large incision in order to fully open the cavity to perform surgery

178
Q

lateral canthotomy

A

the tendons of the lateral canthus of the eyelids are cut in order to relieve ocular pressure and permanent blindness

179
Q

open fracture reduction

A

the broken bones are re aligned in the operating room

180
Q

ORIF

A

open reduction with internal fixation

181
Q

paracentesis

A

removal of fluid from belly

182
Q

pleurodysis

A

causing the adherence of the visceral pleura in the chest with the parietal pleural of the inner chest wall

183
Q

RSI

A

rapid sequence intubation

184
Q

salpingectomy

A

fallopian tube removed

185
Q

thoracentesis

A

remove fluid or air from pleural space

186
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostate

187
Q

tonometry

A

the procedure in which ocular pressure is measured

188
Q

ventriculostomy

A

a surgical hole in the head to the level of the cerebral ventricle

189
Q

abscess

A

collection of pus underneath the skin

190
Q

atrophic

A

very thin skin

191
Q

dehiscence

A

the splitting apart or separation in the skin

192
Q

diaphoresis

A

sweat

193
Q

erythematous

A

redness

194
Q

hirsute

A

hairy

195
Q

laceration

A

a cut in skin

196
Q

lichenified

A

thick skin with very deep lines

197
Q

macerated

A

crushed skin without defined borders

198
Q

maculopapular rash

A

drug rash

199
Q

mottled

A

skn that is very poor perfusion meaning poor blood circulation

200
Q

pallor

A

pale

201
Q

pruritic

A

itchy

202
Q

turgor

A

skins ability to change shape and return to normal

203
Q

tenting

A

skin pulled away from the body remains pulled away

204
Q

adnexa

A

ovaries and fallopian tubes

205
Q

afebrile

A

without fever

206
Q

aneurysm

A

a widening of a blood vessel die to pressure on weakened tissues forming sac of blood

207
Q

anisarca

A

total body swelling

208
Q

aphasia

A

inability to express oneself through speech

209
Q

arthralgia

A

pain in a joint

210
Q

articulation

A

connection between bones

211
Q

atelectasis

A

partial or total collapes of the alveoli

212
Q

avulsion

A

a forcible pulling away of a part or structure

213
Q

bruit

A

a murmur or sounds heard on auscultation

214
Q

cerumen

A

ear wax

215
Q

cholecystitis

A

inflammation of the gallbladder

216
Q

cholelithiasis

A

production of gallstones

217
Q

crepitus

A

a crackling or grating sound usually of bones

218
Q

debridement

A

removal of foreign matter or dead tissue from a wound

219
Q

diaphoresis

A

excessive or profuse sweating

220
Q

differential diagnosis

A

a diagnosis of symptoms of two or more diseases by comparison

221
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful menstruation

222
Q

dyspareunia

A

painful intercourse

223
Q

dyspepsia

A

indigestion

224
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

225
Q

dyspnea

A

difficult and labored breathing

226
Q

dysuria

A

painful or difficulty with urination

227
Q

edentulous

A

without teeth

228
Q

effusion

A

escape of fluid into a cavity

229
Q

emaciate

A

to become extremely thin or lean

230
Q

embolism

A

obstruction of blood vessel by a clot of blood or foreign substance

231
Q

emesis

A

vomiting

232
Q

epistaxis

A

nose bleed

233
Q

erythema

A

redness

234
Q

febrile

A

pertaining to fever

235
Q

fluorescein

A

red, crystalline substance used in diagnostic examination of the eye

236
Q

fontanel

A

anatomical feature of an infants skull

237
Q

fundus

A

the large upper end of the uterus

238
Q

grand mal

A

severe epileptic attack characterized by convulsions, stupor and temporary loc

239
Q

gravid

A

being pregnant

240
Q

hemangioma

A

tumor consisting of blood vessels

241
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting of blood

242
Q

hematoma

A

swelling of blood due to ruptured blood vessels

243
Q

hemothorax

A

blood fluid present in the pleural cavity

244
Q

hepatosplenomegaly

A

enlargement of the liver and the spleen

245
Q

ileus

A

air/fluid level on abdominal xray

246
Q

induration

A

act of hardening

247
Q

infarct

A

necrotic area of tissue follow cessation of blood supply

248
Q

lacrimal

A

to do with tears

249
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

enlargement of a lymph node

250
Q

macule

A

small colored spot on the skin

251
Q

malaise

A

generalized discomfort or weakness

252
Q

malocclusion

A

imperfect closure or meeting of opposing teeth

253
Q

myalgia

A

muscular pain

254
Q

neuralgia

A

sharp pain along the course of a nerve or several nerves

255
Q

nystagmus

A

involuntary rapid eye movement

256
Q

occiput

A

back part of skull

257
Q

odynophagia

A

painful swallowing

258
Q

opthalmalgia

A

pain in the eye

259
Q

Os

A

mouth, orfice

260
Q

para

A

number of visible offspring

261
Q

paresthesia

A

abnormal tactile sensation ofter described as burning, numbness or tingling

262
Q

pruritis

A

itchy skin

263
Q

purulent

A

consisting of pus or matter resemblin pus

264
Q

rale

A

abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation

265
Q

sclera

A

dense, fibrous, opaque, outer coat enclosing the eyeball except part covered by cornea

266
Q

sepsis

A

presence of pathological microorganisms or their toxins in the blood

267
Q

sputum

A

any matter mixed with saliva that is passed through the mouth

268
Q

stellate

A

star shaped radiating from the center

269
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing of a body opening or a passage

270
Q

syncope

A

LOC

271
Q

tinea

A

any of many different superficial fungal infections of the skin

272
Q

tinnitis

A

ringing in the ear

273
Q

torsion

A

twisting of an organ on its own

274
Q

urticaria

A

hives

275
Q

vasovagal

A

over stimulation of the PNS

276
Q

vertigo

A

condition of dizziness

277
Q

wheezing

A

difficult breathing with a whistling sound

Benchmark (4 decks)

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