Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RHDS Credentialing > Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

sclerosis

A

Abnormal hardening of body tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cardiogenic shock

A

A condition in which your heart suddenly can’t pump enough blood to meet your body’s needs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

congestive heart failure

A

Inability of the heart to keep up with the demands on it, with failure of the heart to pump blood with normal efficiency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cephalgia

A

Headache.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ilium

A

Part of the hip bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ileum

A

Part of the small intestine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

urethra

A

The tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ureter

A

One of two tubes each leading from a single kidney and inserting into the urinary bladder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

sequela

pl. sequelae

A

A condition that is the consequence of a previous disease or injury.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

aphasia

A

The loss of ability to understand or express speech, caused by brain damage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

aphagia

A

The inability or refusal to swallow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

hematochezia

A

The passage of blood in the feces.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

melena

A

The passage of black, tarry stools.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

diaphoresis

A

Sweating, especially to an unusual degree.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

hematemesis

A

Vomiting of blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

dosing weight

A

The body weight used for calculating the appropriate dosage of a medication for those whose weight exceeds the usual average range.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

mean arterial pressure

MAP

A

The average pressure in a patient’s arteries during one cardiac cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

peripheral intravenous line

PIV

A

A small, short, plastic tube called a catheter that is put through the skin into a vein in the scalp, hand, arm, or foot.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Glasgow Coma Scale

GCS

A

A neurological scale which aims to give a reliable and objective way of recording the conscious state of a person for initial as well as subsequent assessment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

debridement

A

The process of removing nonliving tissue from pressure ulcers, burns, and other wounds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

rongeur

A

A forcepslike instrument for cutting tough tissue, particularly bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

arthrotomy

A

Cutting into a joint to expose its interior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

tibial tubercle

tuberosity of the tibia

A

A large oblong elevation at the proximal end of the tibia to which the ligament of the patella attaches.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

paratenon

A

The tissue, fatty or synovial, between a tendon and its sheath.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

ecchymosis

A

The passage of blood from ruptured blood vessels into subcutaneous tissue, marked by a purple discoloration of the skin; larger than a petechia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

petechia

pl. petechiae

A

A small purplish spot on a body surface, such as the skin or a mucous membrane, caused by a minute hemorrhage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

glossectomy

A

Excision of all or a portion of the tongue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

hyperbaric oxygen therapy

A

Treatment in which oxygen is provided in a sealed chamber at an ambient pressure greater than 1 atmosphere.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

alveoloplasty

A

Surgical preparation of the alveolar ridges for the reception of dentures; shaping and smoothing of socket margins after extraction of teeth with subsequent suturing to ensure optimal healing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

intercostal

A

Located or occurring between the ribs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

saline lock

A

An intravenous portal, usually placed and left in a vein in one of the patient’s arms, and used episodically for fluid or medication infusions. Salt water flushes are used to maintain its patency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

patchy atelectasis

A

Decreased aeration and collapse of multiple small areas of the lung.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

atelectasis

A

A collapse of lung tissue affecting part or all of one lung. This condition prevents normal oxygen absorption to healthy tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

hypercapnia

A

An abnormally high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

status asthmaticus

A

A particularly severe episode of asthma that does not respond adequately to ordinary therapeutic measures and usually requires hospitalization.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

aneurysm

A

An abnormal, blood-filled sac formed by dilation of the wall of a blood vessel or heart ventricle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

etiology

A

The cause or origin of a disease or disorder as determined by medical diagnosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

decompensation

A
  1. The inability of a bodily organ or system, especially the circulatory system, to maintain adequate physiological function in the presence of disease.
  2. The inability to maintain defense mechanisms in response to stress, resulting in personality disturbance or psychological imbalance.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

nontender

A

Relatively insensitive to pressure by palpation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

hepatosplenomegaly

A

Enlargement of the liver and the spleen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

cervical collar

C-collar

A

Splinting device used to stabilize the neck.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

naris

pl. nares

A

Anterior opening to either side of the nasal cavity; nostril.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

sclera

pl. sclerae

A

The tough white fibrous outer envelope of tissue covering all of the eyeball except the cornea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

icterus

jaundice

A

A yellowish staining of the integument, sclerae, deeper tissues, and excretions with bile pigments, due to increased plasma bile levels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

conjunctiva

pl. conjunctivae

A

The mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and the exposed surface of the eyeball.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

oral commissure

A

The area where the upper and lower lips meet at the corner of the mouth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

nondisplaced fracture

A

Where a bone brakes in one spot only and stays aligned.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

palpable

A

Perceptible by touch.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

nasal flaring

A

Intermittent outward movement of the nostrils with each inspiratory effort; indicates an increase in the work of breathing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

asthma

A

A chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs characterized by a narrowing of the airways and attacks of wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath that are induced by triggers such as allergens, exercise, infections, and stress.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

chronic

A

Lasting for a long period of time or marked by frequent recurrence, as certain diseases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

eczema

A

A noncontagious inflammation of the skin, characterized chiefly by redness, itching, and the outbreak of lesions that may discharge serous matter and become encrusted and scaly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

serous

A

Relating to, containing, or producing serum or a substance having a watery consistency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

cannula

A

A flexible tube, usually containing a trocar at one end, that is inserted into a bodily cavity, duct, or vessel to drain fluid or administer a substance such as a medication.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

trocar

A

A sharp-pointed surgical instrument, used with a cannula to puncture a body cavity for fluid aspiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

bolus

A
  1. The dose of a drug injected as rapidly a possible into a vein so as to be diluted as little as possible.
  2. A chewed-up quantity of food in a state ready to be swallowed.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

tachypnea

A

Rapid breathing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

retractions

A

When the area between the ribs and in the neck sinks in when a person with asthma attempts to inhale. Retractions are a sign someone is working hard to breathe. If a person is having trouble breathing, extra muscles kick into action. These muscles cause retractions, which can be seen as the person tries to inhale.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

hypoxemia

A

Insufficient oxygenation of the blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

rhinorrhea

A

Discharge from the nasal mucous membrane, especially when excessive, as with an allergy or infection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

anastomosis

A

The surgical connection of separate or severed tubular hollow organs to form a continuous channel, as between two parts of the intestine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

volvulus

A

An obstruction due to twisting or knotting of the gastrointestinal tract.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

vulvodynia

A

Chronic, unexplained pain in the area around the opening of the vagina.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Veress needle

A

A spring-loadedneedleused to create pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic surgery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

thrombus

A

A blood clot in a vessel or in one of the chambers of the heart that remains at the point of its formation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

thoracotomy

A

Surgical incision of the chest wall.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

pleura

pl. pleurae

A

The serous membrane enveloping the lungs and lining the walls of the pleural cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

effusion

A

The seeping of serous, purulent, or bloody fluid into a body cavity or tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

pneumothorax

A

The presence of free air or gas in the pleural cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

mediastinum

A

The mass of tissues and organs separating the sternum in front and the vertebral column behind, containing the heart and its large vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes, and other structures and tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

excursion

A

A range of movement regularly repeated in performance of a function, e.g., excursion of the jaws in mastication.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

coarctation of the aorta

A

A congenital narrowing of a short section of the main artery of the body, the aorta, usually just beyond the point at which the arteries to the head and arms are given off. The pulses in the arms are much stronger than those in the legs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

organomegaly

A

Abnormal enlargement of an organ, particularly an organ of the abdominal cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

flaccid

A

Relaxed, flabby, or without muscle tone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

systolic dysfunction

A

A loss of cardiac muscle with volume overload and decreased contractility.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

ejection fraction

A

The fraction of the total ventricular filling volume that is ejected during each ventricular contraction. The normal EF of the left ventricle is 65%.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

systemic hypertension

A

Hypertension in the systemic arteries - the vessels that carry blood from the heart to the body’s tissues (other than the lungs). High systemic (or body) blood pressure is usually caused by the constriction of the small arteries (arterioles).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

extubate

A

To remove a tube, usually an endotracheal anesthesia tube or a Levin gastric suction tube.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

arteriovenous malformation

A

An abnormal tangle of arteries and veins in which the arteries feed directly into the veins without a normal intervening capillary bed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

abscess

A

A localized collection of pus in part of the body formed by tissue disintegration and surrounded by an inflamed area.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

purulent

A

Containing, discharging, or causing the production of pus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

hidradenitis suppurativa

A

A severe, chronic, recurrent pus-producing infection of the apocrine sweat glands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

ageusia

A

Absence or impairment of the sense of taste.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

hematemesis

A

The vomiting of blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

hemoptysis

A

The expectoration of blood or of blood-streaked sputum from the larynx, trachea, bronchi, or lungs.

86
Q

palpitations

A

A sensation in which a person is aware of an irregular, hard, or rapid heartbeat.

87
Q

emesis

A

Vomiting.

88
Q

sinus rhythm

A

A normal cardiac rhythm proceeding from the sinoatrial node.

89
Q

edema

A

An excessive accumulation of serous fluid in tissue spaces or a body cavity.

90
Q

anemia

A

A pathological deficiency in the oxygen-carrying component of the blood, measured in unit volume concentrations of hemoglobin, red blood cell volume, or red blood cell number.

91
Q

polyuria

A

Excessive passage of urine.

92
Q

polydipsia

A

Chronic excessive thirst and fluid intake.

93
Q

acute

A

Having a rapid onset and following a short but severe course.

94
Q

dysuria

A

Painful or difficult urination.

95
Q

hirsutism

A

Abnormal hairiness, especially in women.

96
Q

urticaria

hives

A

A rash characterized by intensely itching welts, triggered by the release of histamine and caused by an allergic response to any of multiple agents or conditions, including food, drugs, and infections.

97
Q

alopecia

A

Complete or partial loss of hair from the head or other parts of the body.

98
Q

halitosis

A

Bad breath.

99
Q

perineal

A

Pertaining to the perineum.

100
Q

peritoneal

A

Pertaining to the peritoneum.

101
Q

perineum

A

Surface area between the thighs extending from the coccyx to the pubix that includes the anus posteriorly and the external genitalia anteriorly.

102
Q

peritoneum

A

Serous sac consisting of mesothelium and a thin external layer of irregular connective tissue that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and covers most of the viscera contained therein. It forms 2 sacs: the peritoneal (or greater) sac and the omental bursa (lesser sac) connected by the omental foramen.

103
Q

peroneal

A

Pertaining to the outer or fibular side of the leg.

104
Q

indolent

A
  1. Causing little pain.

2. Slow growing.

105
Q

scrotoplasty

A

Reparative or plastic surgery of the scrotum.

106
Q

meatoplasty

A

Reparative or reconstructive surgery of a meatus or canal.

107
Q

hypospadias

A

A developmental anomaly in which the urethra opens inferior to its normal location; usually seen in males, with the opening on the underside of the penis or on the perineum.

108
Q

ketosis

A

The accumulation of excessive amounts of ketone bodies in body tissues and fluids, occurring when fatty acids are incompletely metabolized.

109
Q

ketogenic diet

A

A ketosis-causing diet that is high in fats and proteins and low in carbohydrates, primarily used in the treatment of epilepsy.

110
Q

hypotonia

A

A condition of diminished tone or tension that may involve any body structure.

111
Q

contracture

A

An abnormal, often permanent shortening, as of muscle or scar tissue, that results in distortion or deformity, especially of a joint of the body.

112
Q

omentum

pl. omenta, omentums

A

One of the folds of the peritoneum that connects the stomach with other abdominal organs.

113
Q

exudate

A

Any fluid exuded out from a tissue or its capillaries as the result of injury, inflammation or infection.

114
Q

prolapse

A

The falling down or slipping out of place of an organ or part, such as the uterus.

115
Q

orthopnea

A

Discomfort in breathing that is brought on or aggravated by lying flat.

116
Q

radiculopathy

A

Disease of the nerve roots.

117
Q

anetic

A

Soothing.

118
Q

strepitus

A

A sound or noise, as that heard on auscultation.

119
Q

heterotaxia

A

Abnormal arrangement of organs or parts of the body in relation to each other.

120
Q

glomus

pl. glomera

A

A small histologically recognizable body composed primarily of fine arterioles connecting directly with veins, and having a rich nerve supply.

121
Q

lymphostasis

A

Obstruction of the normal flow of lymph.

122
Q

cicatrix

pl. cicatrices

A

A scar left by the formation of new connective tissue over a healing sore or wound.

123
Q

arcuation

A

A bending or curvature.

124
Q

neutropenia

A

An abnormally low level of neutrophils in the circulating blood.

125
Q

myelosuppressive

A

Inhibiting bone marrow activity, resulting in decreased production of blood cells and platelets.

126
Q

myelotoxic

A
  1. Destructive to bone marrow.
  2. Myelosuppressive.
  3. Arising from diseased bone marrow.
127
Q

rugose

A

Having a rough, ridged, or wrinkled surface.

128
Q

loculus

pl. loculi

A

A small space or cavity.

129
Q

epiploic

A

Relating to the omentum.

130
Q

fat pad

A

A layer of adipose tissue (usually capsulated) that protects structures from direct impact. Fat pads are found in various locations in the body: beneath the patellar tendon; under the calcaneus; or behind the elbow.

131
Q

retract

A

To shrink, draw back, or pull apart.

132
Q

subcutaneous tissue

A

The layer of tissue between the dermis and muscle, consisting of adipose and connective tissues, blood vessels, and nerves.

133
Q

umbilicus

pl. umbilici

A

Navel; the pit in the center of the abdominal wall marking the point where the umbilical cord entered the fetus.

134
Q

tortuosity

A
  1. The quality or condition of being tortuous; twistedness or crookedness.
  2. A bent or twisted part, passage, or thing.
135
Q

lithotomy

A

Surgical removal of a stone or stones from the urinary tract.

136
Q

lithotomy position

A

A supine position of the body with the legs separated, flexed, and supported in raised stirrups, originally used for lithotomy and later also for childbirth.

137
Q

retroperitoneum

A

The retroperitoneal space; the space between the peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall.

138
Q

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

A

Endoscopic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.

139
Q

end colostomy

A

The end of the colon is brought through the abdominal wall, where it may be turned under, like a cuff. The edges of the colon are then stitched to the skin of the abdominal wall to form an opening called astoma. Stool drains from the stoma into a bag or pouch attached to the abdomen.

140
Q

proctosigmoidectomy

A

Surgical excision of the rectum and the sigmoid colon.

141
Q

Hartmann’s procedure

A

Resection of the rectosigmoid colon, with closure of the rectal stump and colostomy.

142
Q

sigmoid colectomy

A

An operation to remove part of the left side of the colon known as the sigmoid colon.

143
Q

adhesiolysis

A

The surgical lysis of adhesions, usually by laparoscopy.

144
Q

sigmoid colon

A

An S-shaped section of the colon between the descending section and the rectum. Also called sigmoid flexure.

145
Q

mesoappendix

A

The short mesentery of the appendix lying behind the terminal ileum, in which the appendicular artery courses.

146
Q

cecum

pl. ceca

A

The large pouch at the beginning of the large intestine, located in the lower right-hand side of the abdomen. Also called blind gut.

147
Q

blunt dissection

A

A technique in surgery or anatomical dissection in which tissue planes are separated or opened and underlying structures exposed without cutting. Blunt dissection often involves the use of scissors in an opening, rather than a closing, mode. The closed tips are pushed into tissue and then separated so as to split tissue planes.

148
Q

choledochotomy

A

Incision into the common bile duct.

149
Q

cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of the gallbladder.

150
Q

gallstone pancreatitis

A

Inflammation of the pancreas due to common bile duct obstruction with acute cholecystitis.

151
Q

cholecystectomy

A

Surgical removal of the gallbladder.

152
Q

enterotomy

A

Surgical incision into the intestine.

153
Q

gastrojejunostomy

A

A procedure in which the duodenum is excised or bypassed and the stomach is end-to-end anastomosed to the jejunum.

154
Q

steatohepatitis

A

Fatty liver.

155
Q

colitis

A

Inflammation of the colon. Also called colonitis.

156
Q

angiodysplasia

A

Small vascular abnormalities, especially of the intestinal tract.

157
Q

uropathy

A

Any disorder involving the urinary tract.

158
Q

psychometrics

A

The branch of psychology that deals with the design, administration, and interpretation of quantitative tests for the measurement of psychological variables such as intelligence, aptitude, and personality traits. Also called psychometry.

159
Q

plantar

A

Of, relating to, or occurring on the sole of the foot.

160
Q

dorsiflexion

A

A bending backwards of any part.

161
Q

pes planus deformity

A

Flatfeet; a condition in which the arch of the foot is abnormally flattened down so that the entire sole makes contact with the ground.

162
Q

spastic diplegia

A

A type of cerebral palsy in which there is bilateral spasticity, with the lower limbs more severely affected.

163
Q

tympanoplasty

A

Surgical repair or reconstruction of the middle ear.

164
Q

myringotomy

A

Surgical puncture of the tympanic membrane, as for the removal of fluid or the drainage of pus.

165
Q

hemiepiphysiodesis

A

Also known as guided growth; a surgical technique used to gradually correct angular limb deformity in skeletally immature patients.

166
Q

hydrocephalus

A

A usually congenital condition in which an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the cerebral ventricles causes enlargement of the skull and compression of the brain, destroying much of the neural tissue.

167
Q

spina bifida

A

A congenital defect in which the spinal column is imperfectly closed so that part of the meninges or spinal cord protrudes, often resulting in hydrocephalus and other neurological disorders.

168
Q

vertex

A

The highest point of the skull; the top of the head.

169
Q

spondylosis

A

Degeneration of the spinal column, especially that resulting in abnormal fusion and immobilization of the vertebral bones.

170
Q

lumbago

A

A painful condition of the lower back, as one resulting from muscle strain or a slipped disk.

171
Q

costovertebral angle tenderness

A

Also known as Murphy’s punch sign, Pasternacki’s sign, or Goldflam’s sign; a medical test in which pain is elicited by percussion of the area of the back overlying the kidney (the costovertebral angle, an angle made by the vertebral column and the costal margin). The test is positive in people with an infection around the kidney (perinephric abscess), pyelonephritis, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome or renal stone. Because the kidney is directly anterior to this area, known as the costovertebral angle, tapping disturbs the inflamed tissue, causing pain.

172
Q

pre-excitation syndrome

A

A cardiac arrhythmia in which the ventricles of the heart become depolarized too early, which leads to their partial premature contraction.

173
Q

laryngomalacia

A

A softening of the tissues of the larynx.

174
Q

vasovagal

A

Relating to the action of the vagus nerve on the blood vessels.

175
Q

peritoneal carcinomatosis

A

A rare type of cancer that occurs in the peritoneum, the thin layer of tissue that covers abdominal organs and surrounds the abdominal cavity. The disease develops when cancers of the appendix, colon, ovaries or other organs spread to the peritoneum and cause tumors to grow.

176
Q

flexion contracture

A

A flexion deformity with the inability to fully straighten the knee.

177
Q

rhizotomy

A

Surgical severance of spinal nerve roots to relieve pain or hypertension.

178
Q

apnea

A

Temporary absence or voluntary cessation of breathing.

179
Q

micturition

A

Urination.

180
Q

peripheral edema

A

Accumulation of fluid, causing swelling in tissues perfused by the peripheral vascular system, usually in the lower limbs. In the most dependent parts of the body (those hanging distally), it may be called dependent edema.

181
Q

cerebral atrophy

A

In brain tissue, atrophy describes a loss of neurons and the connections between them. Atrophy can be generalized, which means that all of the brain has shrunk; or it can be focal, affecting only a limited area of the brain and resulting in a decrease of the functions that area of the brain controls. If the cerebral hemispheres (the two lobes of the brain that form the cerebrum) are affected, conscious thought and voluntary processes may be impaired.

182
Q

global developmental delay

A

The general term used to describe a condition that occurs during the developmental period of a child between birth and 18 years. It is usually defined by the child being diagnosed with having a lower intellectual functioning than what is perceived as ‘normal’.

183
Q

spirometry

A

The most common of the pulmonary function tests (PFTs), measuring lung function, specifically the amount (volume) and/or speed (flow) of air that can be inhaled and exhaled.

184
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

An acquired or hereditary disease of the heart muscle.

185
Q

paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

A

An irregular, often rapid heart rate that commonly causes poor blood flow.

186
Q

perfusion

A

The passage of fluid through the circulatory system or lymphatic system to an organ or a tissue, usually referring to the delivery of blood to a capillary bed in tissue.

187
Q

pleomorphic

A

Occurring in various distinct forms.

188
Q

pneumobilia

A

The presence of gas in the biliary system.

189
Q

rhabdomyolysis

A

A breakdown of muscle tissue that releases a damaging protein into the blood.

190
Q

ileus

A

Inability of the intestine (bowel) to contract normally and move waste out of the body.

191
Q

tenotomy

A

The surgical cutting of a tendon.

192
Q

acromioplasty

A

An arthroscopic surgical procedure of the acromion. Generally, it implies removal of a small piece of the surface of the bone (acromion) that is in contact with a tendon causing, by friction, damage to the tendon.

193
Q

synovitis

A

Inflammation of the synovial membrane. This membrane lines joints that possess cavities, known as synovial joints.

194
Q

labrum

A

A piece of fibrocartilage (rubbery tissue) attached to the rim of the shoulder socket that helps keep the ball of the joint in place.

195
Q

bursa

pl. bursae

A

A fluid-filled sac or saclike cavity, especially one countering friction at a joint.

196
Q

decorticate

A

To remove the surface layer, membrane, or fibrous cover of (an organ or structure).

197
Q

keloid

A

A raised scar after an injury has healed.

198
Q

tracheostomy

A

Creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck, with insertion of an indwelling tube to facilitate passage of air or evacuation of secretions.

199
Q

acoustic neuroma

A

Vestibularschwannoma; abenigngrowth that arises on the eighth cranial nerve leading from the brain to the inner ear.

200
Q

hydrosalpinx

A

A distally blocked fallopian tube filled with serous or clear fluid.

201
Q

heterogeneous

A

Not of uniform composition, quality, or structure.

202
Q

cauda equina syndrome

A

A condition caused by compression of multiple lumbosacral nerve roots in the spinal canal due to an abrupt prolapse of the lumbar disk.

203
Q

saddle anesthesia

A

A loss of sensation restricted to the area of the buttocks, perineum, and inner surfaces of the thighs. It is frequently associated with the spine-related injury cauda equina syndrome.

204
Q

autologous reconstruction

A

A technique that uses tissue–skin, fat, and sometimes muscle–from another place on the body to form a breast shape. The tissue (called a “flap”) usually comes from the belly, the back, buttocks, or inner thighs to create thereconstructedbreast. Sometimes called autogenousreconstruction.

205
Q

autonomic neuropathy

A

A group of symptoms that occur when there is damage to the nerves that manage every day body functions. These functions include blood pressure, heart rate, sweating, bowel and bladder emptying, and digestion.

206
Q

dysthymia

A

A mild but long-term form of depression.

207
Q

cystoprostatectomy

A

A surgical procedure in which the urinary bladder and prostate gland are removed.

208
Q

hydronephrosis

A

A condition characterized by excess fluid in a kidney due to a backup of urine.

209
Q

diuresis

A

Increased or excessive production of urine.

210
Q

agonal

A

Pertaining to or occurring at the time just before death.

RHDS Credentialing (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions