Medical Terminology

Question 1

stenosis

Answer 1

an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure.

Question 2

hematopoiesis

Answer 2

formation of blood cellular components. All cellular blood components are derived from haematopoietic stem cells. In a healthy adult person, approximately 1x10E11 to 1x10E12 new blood cells are produced daily in order to maintain steady state levels in the peripheral circulation.

Question 3

hepatosplenomegaly

Answer 3

coincident enlargement of the liver and spleen

Question 4

anemia

Answer 4

a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume

Question 5

Kyphoscoliosis

Answer 5

Kyphoscoliosis describes an abnormal curvature of the spine in both a coronal and sagittal plane. It is a combination of kyphosis and scoliosis. Kyphoscoliosis is a musculoskeletal disorder causing chronic underventilation of the lungs and may be one of the major causes of pulmonary hypertension. It can also be seen in syringomyelia, Friedreich’s ataxia and Duchenne muscular dystrophy due to asymmetric weakening of the paraspinal muscles.

Question 6

idiopathy

Answer 6

any disease with unknown pathogenesis or apparently spontaneous origin.

Question 7

calor

Answer 7

bodily heat indicating inflammation

Question 8

adenoma

Answer 8

a benign tumor of epithelial tissue with glandular origin, glandular characteristics, or both.

Question 9

resorption

Answer 9

the process or action by which something is reabsorbed.

Question 10

Sepsis

Answer 10

whole-body inflammation caused by an infection.

Question 11

pyogenic

Answer 11

involving or relating to the production of pus.

Question 12

Involucrum

Answer 12

a layer of new bone growth outside existing bone seen in pyogenic osteomyelitis. It results from the stripping off of the periosteum by the accumulation of pus within the bone, and new bone growing from the periosteum.

Question 13

sequestrum

Answer 13

a piece of dead bone that has become separated during the process of necrosis from normal or sound bone.

Question 14

Pott disease or Pott’s disease

Answer 14

a presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis whereby disease is seen in the spinal vertebrae.[1] Extrapulmonary tuberculosis can affect the spine, a kind of tuberculous arthritis of the intervertebral joints. It is named after Percivall Pott (1714–1788), a British surgeon. Was likely the inspiration of Victor Hugo’s Hunchback of Notre Dame.

Question 15

exophytic

Answer 15

tending to grow outward beyond the surface epithelium from which it originates

Question 16

sarcoma

Answer 16

a cancer that arises from transformed cells of mesenchymal origin. Thus, malignant tumors made of cancellous bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, vascular, or hematopoietic tissues are, by definition, considered sarcomas. This is in contrast to a malignant tumor originating from epithelial cells, which are termed carcinoma.

Question 17

Metastasis, or metastatic disease

Answer 17

the spread of a cancer or disease from one organ or part to another not directly connected with it.

Question 18

metaphysis

Answer 18

the wide portion of a long bone between the epiphysis and the narrow diaphysis

Question 19

spiculation

Answer 19

In oncology, a spiculated mass is a lump of tissue with spikes or points on the surface.

Question 20

exostosis

Answer 20

the formation of new bone on the surface of a bone, because of excess calcium forming.

Question 21

sessile

Answer 21

(of an organism) fixed in one place; immobile.

Question 22

pedunculated

Answer 22

having, growing on, or being attached by a peduncle (a narrow stalk by which a tumor or polyp is attached)

Question 23

Ankylosis

Answer 23

a stiffness of a joint due to abnormal adhesion and rigidity of the bones of the joint, which may be the result of injury or disease.

Question 24

fasciculation

Answer 24

a brief, spontaneous contraction affecting a small number of muscle fibers, often causing a flicker of movement under the skin. It can be a symptom of disease of the motor neurons.