Medical Terminology Flashcards
stenosis
an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure.
hematopoiesis
formation of blood cellular components. All cellular blood components are derived from haematopoietic stem cells. In a healthy adult person, approximately 1x10E11 to 1x10E12 new blood cells are produced daily in order to maintain steady state levels in the peripheral circulation.
hepatosplenomegaly
coincident enlargement of the liver and spleen
anemia
a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume
Kyphoscoliosis
Kyphoscoliosis describes an abnormal curvature of the spine in both a coronal and sagittal plane. It is a combination of kyphosis and scoliosis. Kyphoscoliosis is a musculoskeletal disorder causing chronic underventilation of the lungs and may be one of the major causes of pulmonary hypertension. It can also be seen in syringomyelia, Friedreich’s ataxia and Duchenne muscular dystrophy due to asymmetric weakening of the paraspinal muscles.
idiopathy
any disease with unknown pathogenesis or apparently spontaneous origin.
calor
bodily heat indicating inflammation
adenoma
a benign tumor of epithelial tissue with glandular origin, glandular characteristics, or both.
resorption
the process or action by which something is reabsorbed.
Sepsis
whole-body inflammation caused by an infection.
pyogenic
involving or relating to the production of pus.
Involucrum
a layer of new bone growth outside existing bone seen in pyogenic osteomyelitis. It results from the stripping off of the periosteum by the accumulation of pus within the bone, and new bone growing from the periosteum.
sequestrum
a piece of dead bone that has become separated during the process of necrosis from normal or sound bone.
Pott disease or Pott’s disease
a presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis whereby disease is seen in the spinal vertebrae.[1] Extrapulmonary tuberculosis can affect the spine, a kind of tuberculous arthritis of the intervertebral joints. It is named after Percivall Pott (1714–1788), a British surgeon. Was likely the inspiration of Victor Hugo’s Hunchback of Notre Dame.
exophytic
tending to grow outward beyond the surface epithelium from which it originates
sarcoma
a cancer that arises from transformed cells of mesenchymal origin. Thus, malignant tumors made of cancellous bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, vascular, or hematopoietic tissues are, by definition, considered sarcomas. This is in contrast to a malignant tumor originating from epithelial cells, which are termed carcinoma.
Metastasis, or metastatic disease
the spread of a cancer or disease from one organ or part to another not directly connected with it.
metaphysis
the wide portion of a long bone between the epiphysis and the narrow diaphysis
spiculation
In oncology, a spiculated mass is a lump of tissue with spikes or points on the surface.
exostosis
the formation of new bone on the surface of a bone, because of excess calcium forming.
sessile
(of an organism) fixed in one place; immobile.
pedunculated
having, growing on, or being attached by a peduncle (a narrow stalk by which a tumor or polyp is attached)
Ankylosis
a stiffness of a joint due to abnormal adhesion and rigidity of the bones of the joint, which may be the result of injury or disease.
fasciculation
a brief, spontaneous contraction affecting a small number of muscle fibers, often causing a flicker of movement under the skin. It can be a symptom of disease of the motor neurons.
