medical terminology Flashcards
1
Q
Core of the word
A
word root
2
Q
Attached to the beginning of the word root to alter its meaning
A
prefix
3
Q
Attached to the end of a word root to alter its meaning
A
suffix
4
Q
Typically, an “o” is used to assist with pronunciation
A
combining vowel
5
Q
Word root with a combining vowel
A
combining form
6
Q
a disease or procedure named after someone who discovered it
A
Eponyms
7
Q
an abbreviation formed from the initial letters of other words and pronounced as a word
A
Acronym
8
Q
terms created in a language currently used
A
Modern Language
9
Q
indicates a long vowel sound
A
macron (a line above the letter)
10
Q
indicates a short sound
A
a u shaped mark above the vowel.
11
Q
Terms used to describe specific areas and movement of the body, as well as the relation of body parts to each other.
A
Anatomical
12
Q
Terms that describe deviation from the normal structural or functional state of an organism, generally associated with certain signs and symptoms.
A
disease or disorder
13
Q
Terms related to the process of identifying a disease, condition, or injury.
A
Diagnostic/Procedural
14
Q
Terms regarding the treating or curing of diseases
A
Therapeutic
15
Q
prefixes often indicate
A
number, position, direction, time, and negation
16
Q
bi-
A
two
17
Q
sub-
A
under
18
Q
intra-
A
within
19
Q
brady-
A
slow
20
Q
a- and an-
A
without
21
Q
ab-
A
away from, take away
22
Q
ad-
A
towards, to, near
23
Q
ambi-, ambo-
A
both
24
Q
amphi-
A
double, both sides
25
ana-
up, apart
26
ante-
before, in front of, forward
27
anti-
opposing, against
28
ap-, apo-
separated, derived from
29
aut-, auto-
self, by yourself
30
bi-
double, two, twice, both
31
brachy-
short
32
brady-
slow
33
cata-
lower, down, against
34
circum-
around
35
co-, con-, com-
together, with
36
contra-
against, opposed to
37
de-
down, from
38
di-
twice, two
39
dia-
through, apart, across, between
40
dis-
apart from, free from
41
dys-
bad, painful, difficult
42
e-, ec-, ex-
from, away from, out of
43
em-, en-
in
43
ect-, exo-, ecto-
outside, outer, on
44
end-, endo-, ent-, ento-
within, inner
45
epi-, ep-
upon, over, on
46
eu-
normal
47
extra-, extro-
beyond, outside of, outward
48
hemi-, semi-
half, half of
49
hyper-
above, excessive, beyond
50
hyp-, hypo-
below, beneath, deficient
51
im-, in-
intro, in, within
52
infra-
below, beneath
53
inter-
between
54
intra-
within, inside
55
intro-
into, within
56
iso-
same, equal
57
macro-
large
58
mal-
bad
59
mes-, meso-
middle
60
meta-
beyond, changing
61
micro-, micr-
tiny, small
62
mono-, uni-
one
63
mult-, multi-
many, multiple
64
neo-
new, recent
65
nulli-
none
66
oligo-
small amount
67
ortho-
straight, normal
68
pan-
all
69
para-
beyond, beside, after
70
per-
through
71
peri-
around
72
poly-
many, excessive
73
post-
after, following, behind
74
pre-, pro-
in front of, before, preceding
75
presby-
old age
76
pseudo-
false
77
quadri-
four
78
re-
backward, again
79
retro-
behind, backward
80
semi-
half, partial
81
sub-
under, beneath
82
super-, supra-
above, excessive, superior
83
sym-, syn-
with, together
84
tachy-
rapid, fast
85
trans-
through, across
86
tri-
three
87
ultra-
excessive, beyond
88
uni-
one
89
abdomin/o
abdomen
90
andr/o
male
91
angi/o
vessel
92
arteri/o
artery
93
arthr/o
joint
94
audi/o
hearing
95
bronch/i, bronch/o
bronchus/lung
96
carcin/o
cancer
97
cardi/o
heart
98
cholecyst/o
gallbladder
99
chrondr/i, chrondr/o
cartilage
100
col/o
colon
101
cysti, cyst/o
bladder or cyst
102
cyt/o
cell
103
duoden/o
duodenum
104
encephal/o
brain
105
erythr/o
red
106
esophag/o
esophagus
107
gastr/o
stomach
108
glyc/o
sugar
109
gynec/o
female reproductive system
110
hemat/o, hem/o
blood
111
hist/o
tissue
112
hyster/o
uterus
113
laryng/o
larynx
114
leuk/o
white
115
leuk/o
white
116
men/o
menstruation
117
my/o
muscle
118
nephr/o
kidney
119
neur/o
nerve
120
opt/o
vision
121
orch/o
testis, testicle
122
pneum/o
lungs
123
thorac/o
chest
124
-ac
pertaining to
125
-ad
toward
126
-al
pertaining to
127
-algia, -dynia
pain
128
-ar
pertaining to
129
-ary
pertaining to
130
-cele
protrusion
131
-centesis
surgical withdrawal of fluid
132
-cide, -cidal
kill, destroy
133
-coccus
berry shaped
134
-cyte
cell
135
-eal
pertaining to
136
-ectomy
surgical removal
137
-emia
pertaining to blood
138
-esis
condition
139
-gen
substance that produces/causes
140
-genic
produced by
141
-gram
record of
142
-graph
instrument used to record
143
-graphy
a process of recording
144
-ia
condition of, diseased state, abnormal state
145
-ic, -ior
pertaining to
146
-ism
state of, condition, theory
147
-itis
inflammation
148
-logist
specialist who studies and treats disorders
149
-logy
study of
150
-lysis
destruction, breakdown
151
-megaly
enlargement
152
-meter
instrument used to measure
153
-metry
process of measuring
154
-oid
resembling
155
-oma
tumor
156
-opia
vision condition
157
-opsy
to view
158
-osis
abnormal condition
159
-ous
pertaining to
160
-pathy
disease, abnormality
161
-penia
lack of, deficiency
162
-pexy
surgical fixation, suspension
163
-phagia
eating
164
-phobia
intense fear of
165
-plasia
formation, development
166
-plasm
growth, substance, formation
167
-plasty
surgical reconstruction
168
-plegia
paralysis
169
-pnea
breathing
170
-poiesis, -poietic
production, manufacture of
171
-ptosis
drooping
172
-rrhage
excessive flow
173
-rrhagia
excessive flow
174
-rrhaphy
suturing in place, fixation
175
-rrhea
flow, discharge
176
-rrhexis
rupture or breaking away
177
-sclerosis
hardening
178
-scope
instrument used to visually examine
179
-scopic
visual examination
180
-scopy
process of visual examination
181
-spasm
sudden, involuntary
182
-stasis
to stop
183
-stomy
artificial surgical opening
184
-tome
instrument used to cut
185
-tomy
process of incision, cutting into
186
-tripsy
crushing
187
-trophic, -trophy
growth, development
188
Part of the ventral (anterior) cavity; the abdominopelvic cavity is the largest cavity in the body and houses the digestive organs, the pelvic cavity, and the reproductive organs.
abdominopelvic cavity
189
A standardized view of the human body used for precise documentation and communication, in the position of standing upright with the feet at shoulder width and parallel and toes facing forward. The upper limbs are held out to each side of the body, and the palms of the hands face forward
Anatomical view of the body
190
The structure of body systems.
Anatomy
191
The front or direction toward the front of the body. For example, the kneecap is on the anterior side of the leg.
Anterior
192
On both sides of the body.
bilateral
193
Positioned on the opposite side. For example, the left arm and right arm are contralateral to each other.
contralateral
194
Part of the dorsal (posterior) cavity that houses the brain
cranial cavity
195
A position or direction farther from the surface of the body. For example, the brain is deep in the skull.
deep
196
A position in a limb that is farther from the point of attachment or the trunk of the body. For example, the hand is at the distal end of the forearm.
Distal
197
The body cavity that includes the cranial and spinal (vertebral) cavities.
dorsal cavity
198
The top of one’s hand or foot.
dorsum
199
A vertical plane running from side to side that divides the body or any of its parts into anterior and posterior portions.
Frontal or coronal plane
200
The body’s biological processes that result in stable equilibrium.
homeostasis
201
A position below or lower than another part of the body; near the coccyx or lowest part of the spinal column. For example, the pelvis is inferior to the abdomen.
Inferior or caudal
202
Positioned on the same side. For example, the left arm and left leg are ipsilateral to each other.
Ipsilateral
203
The position of lying on one’s side or the direction toward the side of the body. For example, the thumb is lateral to the digits.
Lateral
204
The middle or the direction toward the middle of the body. For example, the hallux is the medial toe
Medial
205
A type of epithelial membrane that lines body cavities and their passageways that open to the external environment. Mucus, produced by epithelial exocrine glands, covers the epithelial membrane and provides protection. The digestive, respiratory, excretory, and reproductive tracts contain mucous membranes.
Mucous membranes
206
Divides the body at an angle between the horizontal and vertical planes.
Oblique plane
207
A group of organs that work together to perform major functions or meet the physiological needs of the body. There are eleven distinct organ systems in the human body, including the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and male and female reproductive systems.
Organ systems
208
The palm side of one’s hand.
palmar
209
The function of body structures
physiology
210
The sole side of one’s foot.
plantar
211
The back or direction toward the back of the body. For example, the shoulder blades are on the posterior side of the chest.
posterior
212
The position of lying on one’s abdomen.
prone
213
A position in a limb that is nearer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body. For example, the proximal end of the femur joins the pelvis.
proximal
214
A vertical plane running from front to back that divides the body or any of its parts into right and left sides. If this vertical plane runs directly down the middle of the body, it is called the midsagittal or median plane. If the plane divides the body into unequal right and left sides, it is called a parasagittal plane or longitudinal section.
sagittal or lateral plane
215
A type of epithelial membrane that is contained in body cavities and is composed of layers. A parietal layer lines the walls of a body cavity, and a visceral layer covers the organ within the body cavity. Between the parietal and visceral layers is a thin, fluid-filled serous space. Serous membranes provide protection to the organs they enclose by reducing friction that can lead to inflammation of the organs. There are three body cavities with serous membranes, including the pleura (lungs), pericardium (heart), and peritoneum (several organs in the abdominopelvic cavity)
Serous membranes
216
Part of the dorsal (posterior) cavity; the spinal cavity (vertebral cavity) encloses the spinal cord and is protected by the vertebral column and cerebrospinal fluid
spinal cavity
217
A position or direction closer to the surface of the body. For example, the skin is superficial to the bones.
superficial
218
A position above or higher than another part of the body. For example, the head is superior to the neck.
superior or cranial
219
The position of lying down on one’s back
supine
220
A type of connective tissue membrane that lines the cavities of joints that hold synovial fluid. Synovial fluid lubricates joints for movement. For example, synovial membranes surround the joints of the shoulder, elbow, and knee.
Synovial membranes
221
Part of the ventral (anterior) cavity that is superior in position to the abdominopelvic cavity and enclosed by the rib cage. The thoracic cavity contains the lungs and the heart.
thoracic cavity
222
A horizontal plane that divides the body or any of its parts into upper and lower parts. Transverse planes produce images often referred to as “cross sections.”
transverse or axial plane
223
One side of the body.
unilateral
224
The body cavity that includes the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
ventral or anterior cavity
