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Nursing > Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Flashcards

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1
Q

Afebrile

A

without fever

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2
Q

Apical pulse

A

heartbeat from the apex of the heart

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3
Q

Bradycardia

A

slow heart rate, lower than 60 beats per minute

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4
Q

Bradypnea

A

Slow respiratory rate, slower than 12 breathers per minute

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5
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

the bottom number in a blood pressure reading

measures the pressure in the arteries between heartbeats

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6
Q

Oxygen saturation

A

a measurement of how much oxygen in your blood

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7
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure

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8
Q

Hypotension

A

Low blood pressure

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9
Q

Orthostatic hypotension

A

a form of low blood pressure that happens when standing after standing or laying down

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10
Q

Tachycardia

A

fast heart rate over 100 beats per minute caused by an irregular heart rhythm

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11
Q

Tachypnea

A

Rapid and shallow breathing

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12
Q

Gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gingiva, the tissue that surrounds the teeth

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13
Q

Stomatitiss

A

inflammation of the oral mucosa

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14
Q

Alopecia

A

Absence or loss of hair

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15
Q

Callus

A

Thickened or hardened skin that forms as a response to repeated friction, pressure or other irritations

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16
Q

Decubitis

A

also known as a bed sore or pressure ulcer or sore
develops from unrelieved pressure on the skin, causing damage to the skin and underlying tissue

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17
Q

Dental Caries

A

also known as dental decay or cavities,
areas of damage on the hard surface of the teeth

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18
Q

Effleurage

A

also known as a massage
long, deep, unbroken strokes

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19
Q

maceration

A

the softening of a solid by soaking

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20
Q

Mucositis

A

inflammation of a mucous membrane

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21
Q

Perineal Care

A

Maintenance of the perineal skin and integrity

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22
Q

Skin tears

A

acute, traumatic injury that results from some mechanical force such as shearing or friction

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23
Q

Xerosis

A

abnormal dryness of the eyes, skin or mouth

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24
Q

Hypoventilation

A

decreased rate and depth, irregular

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25
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Increased rate and depth

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26
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respirations

A

alternating periods of deep, rapid breathing followed by periods of apnea; regular

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27
Q

Biot’s respirations

A

varying depth and rate of breathing, followed by periods of apnea; irregular

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28
Q

Orthopnea

A

inability to breathe without sitting upright

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29
Q

Systolic

A

peak of maximum ejection from the heart

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30
Q

Pulse pressure

A

difference between systolic and diastolic

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31
Q

pulse deficit

A

difference between apical and peripheral pulse

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32
Q

Stoke volume

A

the amount of blood ejected out of the left ventricle with heartbeat

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33
Q

Cardiac output

A

= Stroke volume x pulse rate

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34
Q

korotkoff sounds

A

sounds of the systolic and diastolic sounds

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35
Q

Cerumen

A

earwax

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36
Q

Cheilosis

A

Inflammation of the lips

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37
Q

Glossitis

A

Inflammation of the tongue

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38
Q

Halitosis

A

bad breath

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39
Q

Pediculosis

A

Body lice

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40
Q

Periodontitis

A

A serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue around the teeth

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41
Q

Plaque

A

a sticky deposit on teeth

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42
Q

Tartar

A

a hardened plaque that forms on your teeth and can lead to gum disease and cavities

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43
Q

Aseptic Technique

A

A method used to prevent contamination with microorganisms

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44
Q

Body mechanics

A

The way the body moves and is held while sitting, standing, lifting, carrying, bending and sleeping

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45
Q

Foot drop

A

A term for difficulty lifting the front part of the foot

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46
Q

Friction

A

Force that resists the motion of one object against another

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47
Q

Healthcare Aquired Infection

A

Infections patients get while receiving healthcare

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48
Q

Hemiplegia

A

A condition that causes partial or complete paralysis on one side of the body

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49
Q

Immunocomprimised

A

A state in which the immune system’s ability to fight infectious diseases and cancer is compromised or absent

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50
Q

Isolation

A

Separates sick people from those who are not sick

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51
Q

Pathogen

A

A living thing that can cause disease in a host

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52
Q

Shear

A

When tissue layers move in opposite directions

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53
Q

Surgical asepsis

A

Technique used to create and maintain a sterile environment
Absence of all microorganisms within any type of invasive procedure

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54
Q

Abduction

A

moving a limb or body part away from the body

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55
Q

Active Range of Motion

A

Exercises the client can perform themselves

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56
Q

Adduction

A

moving a limb or body part towards the body

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57
Q

Atrophy

A

decrease in size or wasting away of a body part of tissue

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58
Q

Comminuted Fracture

A

broken bone with multiple pieces

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59
Q

Compartment Syndrome

A

Increased pressure in a muscle compartment, causing muscle and nerve damage

60
Q

Extension

A

opposite movement that increases the angle between two body parts

61
Q

External Fixation

A

placing pins and screws into the bone at various points

62
Q

Flexion

A

bending or curving of a joint in a limb

63
Q

Kinesthetic

A

involves physical movement and hands on learning

64
Q

Passive Range of Motion

A

the client needs help to perform exercises or body movements

65
Q

Pronation

A

Inward rotation of foot or hand

66
Q

Rotation

A

the act of rotating, turning around on an axis

67
Q

Supination

A

Outward rotation of foot or hand

68
Q

Anorexia

A

Distorted body image, unwarranted fear of being overweight

69
Q

Aspiration

A

Breathing in a foreign object into the lungs

70
Q

Basal Metabolic Rate

A

the rate of energy expenditure of a person at rest

71
Q

Body Mass Index

A

a medical screening tool that measures the ratio of your height to your weight to estimate the amount of body fat you have.

72
Q

Cachexia

A

complex metabolic syndrome that causes significant loss of muscle and fat mass

73
Q

Dysphagia

A

Swallowing difficulties

74
Q

Malnutrition

A

lack of proper nutrition

75
Q

Paralytic ileus

A

condition that occurs when the muscles of the intestines stop working properly, preventing food from pasding through.

76
Q

Parenteral Nutrition

A

way to receive nutrients by bypassing your digestive system

77
Q

Peristalsis

A

series of involuntary muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract and urine from the kidneys to the bladder

78
Q

Candidiasis

A

common fungal infection caused by the overgrowth of Candida yeast.

79
Q

Cryotherapy

A

A treatment that uses extreme cold to freeze and remove abnormal tissue.

80
Q

Expectorate

A

cough or spit up phlegm from the throat or lungs

81
Q

Glucometer

A

a device for measuring the concentration of glucose in the blood, typically using a small drop of blood placed on a disposable test strip

82
Q

Guaiac Test

A

a test that is used to detect hidden blood in the stool

83
Q

Hibiclens

A

An antiseptic that fights bacteria

84
Q

Hypercapnia

A

condition that occurs when a person has too much carbon dioxide in their bloodstream

85
Q

Sputum

A

a mixture of saliva and mucous produced by the lungs as a result or viral or bacterial infections

86
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

A serious life-threatening allergic reaction which usually occurs within a few seconds or minutes of exposure to allergic substances

87
Q

Antianginal

A

Used in the treatment of angina pectoris, a symptom of ischemic heart disease

88
Q

Buccal

A

relating to the cheek

89
Q

Dermatologic

A

pertaining to dermatology; of or affecting the skin

90
Q

Mydriatics

A

eye drops that dilate the pupil and relax the focusing muscles.

91
Q

Opthalmic

A

something that has relation to the eye

92
Q

Otic

A

an adjective that relates to or is located in the region of the ear

93
Q

Parenteral

A

administered or occurring elsewhere in the body other than the mouth and alimentary canal

94
Q

Peak

A

can relate to the highest medication level in the blood

95
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

the study of how a drug moves into, through and out of the body

96
Q

Pruritis

A

commonly known as itchy skin, an unpleasant sensation of the skin that provokes the urge to scratch

97
Q

Suspension

A

different meanings;
a liquid with small pieces of a drug, where the drug is not completely dissolved in the solution

98
Q

Transdermal

A

refers to medication that is supplied in a form for absorption through the skin into the bloodstream

99
Q

Trough

A

indicates the lowest concentration of medication in the blood

100
Q

Vertigo

A

a sudden internal or external spinning sensation that is triggered by quick movement of the head

101
Q

Biological half life

A

the time taken for concentration of a biological substance to decrease from its max concentration to half in the blood plasma.

102
Q

Epidural

A

A procedure that involves injecting a medication - either an anesthetic or steroid - into the space around your spinal nerves known as the epidural space

103
Q

Idiosyncratic reaction

A

a rare and unpredictable adverse drug reaction that is not related to the dose or the pharmacologic action of the drug

104
Q

Intradermal

A

a shallow or superficial injection of a substance into the dermis

105
Q

Intramuscular

A

a technique used to deliver a medication deep into the muscles

106
Q

Intraveneous

A

situated, performed or occurring within or entering by way of a vein

107
Q

medication error

A

any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm while the medication is in the control of the healthcare professional.

108
Q

Colloids

A

a mixture in which one substance consisting of microscopically dispersed insoluble particles is suspended throughout another substance

109
Q

Hypertonic

A

A solution with a higher concentration

110
Q

Hypotonic

A

A solution with a lower concentration

111
Q

Irrigations

A

Flushing an organ, body cavity or wound out with fluid

112
Q

Infusion

A

a method of delivering medication, fluids, or nutrients directly into the bloodstream

113
Q

Isotonic

A

When the concentration is the same outside the cell as it is inside the cell,

114
Q

Parenteral Administration

A

refers to the administration of drugs or fluids by any route other than the GI Tract

115
Q

Polypharmacy

A

When you take five or more medications each day

116
Q

Protein binding

A

phenomenon that occurs when a drug combines with plasma or extracellular or tissue proteins form a drug-protein complex

117
Q

Rh Factor

A

an inherited protein on red blood cells that can affect pregnancy

118
Q

Apnea

A

a condition where breathing repeatedly stops and starts

119
Q

Aspirate

A

breathe in; inhale

120
Q

Atelectasis

A

the collapse of a lung or part of a lung due to air loss in the air sacs

121
Q

Chest percussion

A

a technique that involves clapping or vibrating the chest or back to loosen mucous in the lungs

122
Q

Chest physiotherapy

A

involves a variety of techniques designed to help clear mucous and secretions from the lungs

123
Q

Dyspnea

A

shortness of breath

124
Q

Expectorate

A

to eject or expel matter such as phlegm from the throat or lungs by coughing or hawking and spitting

125
Q

Hemoptysis

A

a medical condition that causes a person to cough up blood or blood-stained mucous from the bronchi, larynx, trachea or lungs

126
Q

Hemothorax

A

a serious condition in which blood collects in the pleural space

127
Q

Hypoxia

A

low levels of oxygen in the body tissues

128
Q

Incentive Spirometer

A

a device that helps your lungs

129
Q

Kussmaul’s respirations

A

a sign of metabolic acidosis, usually diabetes related

130
Q

Dysuria

A

a symptom of pain or burning when urinating

131
Q

Glucosuria

A

Prescence of glucose in the urine

132
Q

Hematuria

A

Blood in the urine

133
Q

Hesitancy

A

difficulty starting or maintaining a stream of urine

134
Q

Nocturia

A

When someone wakes up more than once through the night to pee

135
Q

Oliguria

A

low urine output

136
Q

Residual urine

A

the amount of urine that remains in your bladder after you urinate

137
Q

Retention

A

when the bladder doesn’t completely empty or empty at all when you urinate

138
Q

Polyuria

A

excessive urination

139
Q

Urgency

A

when you suddenly need to pee

140
Q

Cathartic

A

medications that cause the evacuation of the entire colon

141
Q

Enema

A

fluids or solutions inserted through the anal canal which help stimulate the emptying of the bowel

142
Q

Hemorrhoids

A

swollen veins in the lower part of the rectum and anus that causes bleeding and discomfort

143
Q

Melena

A

Black stool, comes from bleeding in the upper GI tract

144
Q

Ostomy

A

a surgical procedure that creates an opening in the body for discharge of body wastes

145
Q

Paralytic ileus

A

functional problem of the muscles and nerves that mimics an intestinal obstruction even when nothing is obstructing them

146
Q

Peristalsis

A

involuntary wave like contractions of the muscles in the digestive tract

147
Q
A

Nursing (4 decks)

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