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Medical Terms > Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Ab

A

​away from​​, abduction

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2
Q

Ad

A

toward​​, adduction

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3
Q

Ana

A

up​​​, anabolism

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4
Q

Ante

A

​before​​ ,antepartum

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5
Q

Cata

A

down, catabolism

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6
Q

Circum

A

around​​, circumference

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7
Q

Dors

A

back​​​, dorsal

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8
Q

Dextr

A

to the right of​, dextrocardia, dextroverted uterus

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9
Q

Endo, En

A

within​​​, endometrium, endoscopy

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10
Q

Epi

A

upon, above​​, epigastric, epicondyle of the humerus

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11
Q

Ec, Ect

A

out, outside​, eccentric bowel mass, ectopic pregnancy

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12
Q

Ex

A

out, away from​
e.g. exopthalmic goiter (protrusion of the eyeball from the orbit)

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13
Q

Extra

A

outside, beyond​e extrauterine

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14
Q

Hyper, Supra

A

above, excessive​
e.g. hyperemesis, hyperechoic, hypertension

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15
Q

Hypo, Sub

A

below, deficient​ hypoechoic, hypotension

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16
Q

Infra

A

below, infraclavicular

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17
Q

Intra

A

within, intrauterine

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18
Q

Inter

A

between, interhemispheric

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19
Q

meso

A

middle, mesoderm

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20
Q

Para

A

besides, near​ para-aortic

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21
Q

peri

A

around, perirenal space

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22
Q

Retro

A

backward​​ retroflexed uterus

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23
Q

Sinister

A

left​​​
e.g. atrium sinistrum. Sinister is opposite of dexter

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24
Q

Sub

A

below, under​e.g. subdiaphragmatic, subhepatic

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25
Q

Supra

A

above, beyond
e.g. supraphrenic, supraclavicular lymph node

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26
Q

Pre

A

before​​e.g. pre-term labor, premature infants

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27
Q

Post

A

after​​​e.g. postpartum

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28
Q

Ambi

A

both​​​, ambiguous genitalia

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29
Q

Bi

A

two, double​​e.g. bilateral,

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30
Q

Centi

A

​a hundred, e.g. centimeter

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31
Q

Dipl

A

double​​, diplopia (double vision)

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32
Q

Di

A

two​​​ e.g. didelphys (e.g. didelphys uterus)

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33
Q

Milli

A

one-thousandth e.g. millimeter

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34
Q

Multi

A

many, much​​ e.g. multigestation​​

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35
Q

Nulli

A

none​​​ e.g. nulligravida, nulliparous

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36
Q

Poly

A

many​​​ e.g. polyhydramnios, polyuria

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37
Q

Primi

A

first​​​ e.g. primigravida

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38
Q

Quadri

A

four​​​ e.g. quadruplets

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39
Q

Semi​​

A

half​​​ e.g. semicircular

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40
Q

Hemi

A

half
e.g. hemiplegia (paralysis of one side of the body as in stroke)

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41
Q

Tetra

A

four​​​ e.g. Tetracycline

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42
Q

tri

A

three​​​ e.g. trilaminar

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43
Q

Uni

A

one​​​ e.g. unilateral

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44
Q

Mono

A

one​​​ e.g. monocyte

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45
Q

Iso

A

same, equal​​ e.g. isoechoic

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46
Q

A, an, in

A

without, lack of​ e.g. anechoic, amenorrhea, aspermatism

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47
Q

Anti contra

A

against​ e.g. contraindications

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48
Q

Auto

A

self​​​ e.g. autonomy, autoimmune disease

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49
Q

Brachy

A

short​​​ e.g. brachycephalic

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50
Q

Hetero

A

different​​ e.g. heterogeneous

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51
Q

Homo

A

similar, same​ e.g. homogeneous

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52
Q

Hydro

A

water​​​ e.g. hydronephrosis, hydrocephalus

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53
Q

Mega, macro

A

large, great​ e.g. megaureter

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54
Q

Brady

A

slow​​​ e.g. bradycardia

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55
Q

Mal

A

bad, inadequate​
e.g. malignant, malformation, malnourished, malpractice

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56
Q

Dia, trans

A

through, across e.g. diameter, diaphragm

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57
Q

Dys

A

​bad, difficult, painful
e.g. dyspnea, dysuria, dysphagia, dysmenorrhea

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58
Q

Eu

A

good, normal​​e.g. eupnea (normal respiration)​

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59
Q

Micro

A

small​​​​e.g. microcephaly

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60
Q

Oligo

A

scanty, little, deficiency ​e.g. oligohydramnios

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61
Q

Pan

A

all​​​​e.g. pancytopenia

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62
Q

Pro

A

before, forward​
e.g. procephalic (pertaining to the anterior part of the brain)

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63
Q

Pseudo

A

false​​​​e.g. pseudocyst, pseudaneurysm

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64
Q

Re, retro

A

behind, back​​e.g. retroverted uterus

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65
Q

Scler

A

hard​​​​e.g. arteriosclerosis

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66
Q

Sym, syn

A

together​​​ e.g. syndactyly (e.g. syndactyly toes

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67
Q

Tachy

A

rapid​​​​ e.g. tachycardia

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68
Q

Neo

A

new​​​​ e.g. neoplasm, neonatal

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69
Q

Tox

A

poisonous​​​ e.g. toxoplasmosis

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70
Q

Ultra

A

beyond​​​ e.g. ultrasound

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71
Q

Algia

A

pain​​​​e.g. mastalgia, fibromyalgia

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72
Q

Al, ac

A

pertaining to pathological findings
​​​​​​e.g. medical, neurological, cardiac

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73
Q

Cele

A

hernia, swelling​​e.g. cystocele, uretrocele

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74
Q

Dynia

A

pain​​​​e.g. colpodynia, mastodynia

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75
Q

Emesis

A

vomiting​​​e.g. hyperemesis, hematoemesis

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76
Q

Ectasis

A

dilation, expansion​​e.g. angiectasis

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77
Q

Edema

A

swelling​​​e.g. lymphedema

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78
Q

Emia

A

a condition of blood​e.g. bacteremia, anemia, leukemia

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79
Q

Esthesia

A

sensation​​ e.g. anesthesia, paresthesia (numbness)

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80
Q

Itis

A

inflammation​ e.g. nephritis, cholecystitis, orchitis, colpitis

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81
Q

Ia, ism

A

condition​​
e.g. insomnia, anorexia, pneumonia,​​hyperthyroidism, parkinsonism

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82
Q

Iasis

A

pathological condition or state e.g. cholelithiasis, psoriasis

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83
Q

Lith

A

stone​​​​​e.g. cholelith, nephrolith

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84
Q

Lysis

A

destruction, separation​​e.g. hemolysis

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85
Q

Kinesis

A

movement​​​
e.g. hyperkinesis (as in ADHD: attention deficit hyperactive disorder)

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86
Q

Malacia

A

softening​​​e.g. periventricular leukomalacia

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87
Q

Megaly

A

enlargement, large​​e.g. hepatomegaly, splenomegaly

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88
Q

Oid

A

resemble​​​e.g. endometroid

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89
Q

Oma

A

tumor​​​ e.g. hemangioma, lymphangioma, osteoma

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90
Q

Opia

A

vision​​​​e.g. myopia

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91
Q

Osis

A

condition of​​​e.g. arteriosclerosis, cirrhosis

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92
Q

Ole, ule

A

small​​​​e.g. arteriole, venule

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93
Q

Oxia

A

oxygen​​​e.g. oximeter, hypoxia

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94
Q

Pathy

A

disease​​e.g. neuropathy, nephropathy, arteriopathy

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95
Q

Paresis

A

weakness (slight or partial paralysis)
e.g. hemiparesis (weakness on one side of the body)

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96
Q

Penia

A

deficiency​​e.g. thrombocytopenia, neutropenia

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97
Q

Phobia

A

fear​​e.g. claustrophobia, photophobia (light sensitivity)

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98
Q

Plegia

A

paralysis​​​
e.g. hemiplegia (paralysis of one side of the body e.g. after stroke)
e.g. paraplegia (paralysis in the lower ​extremities as after spinal cord injury)
​​​​​​

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99
Q

Ptysis

A

spitting​​​e.g. hemoptysis

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100
Q

Rrhage

A

bursting forth​​e.g. menorrhage, hemorrhage

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101
Q

Rrhea

A

flow, discharge​​e.g. diarrhea, menorrhea, steatorrhea

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102
Q

Stenosis

A

narrowing​​​e.g. aortostenosis

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103
Q

Toxic

A

poison​​​e.g. toxigenic

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104
Q

Centesis

A

surgical puncture
e.g. paracentesis, thoracentesis, amniocentesis

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105
Q

Cide, cidal

A

destroying, killing​​e.g. bactericidal

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106
Q

Ectomy

A

surgical excision​​e.g. cholecystectomy, nephrectomy

107
Q

Gram

A

a weight, mark, record​e.g. sonogram

108
Q

Graph

A

to write, record​​e.g. radiography, mammography

109
Q

Meter

A

measure​​​e.g. thermometer

110
Q

Opsy

A

to view​​​e.g. autopsy, biopsy​

111
Q

Pexy

A

surgical fixation e.g. orchiopexy

112
Q

Plasty

A

surgical repair​​e.g. angioplasty, rhinoplasty

113
Q

Scope

A

instrument​​​e.g. laparoscope, bronchoscope

114
Q

Scopy

A

to view​​e.g. laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, pleuroscopy

115
Q

Stomy

A

new opening​e.g. colostomy, ilieostomy, tracheostomy

116
Q

Tome

A

instrument to cut​​e.g. hysterotome

117
Q

Tomy

A

incision
e.g. hysterotomy, ilieotomy, episiotomy (perineotomy)

118
Q

Tripsy

A

crushing​​​​e.g. lithotripsy

119
Q

Arche

A

beginning​​​​e.g. menarche

120
Q

Blast

A

immature cell, germ cell​​e.g. blastocyst

121
Q

Cyte

A

cell​​​​​e.g. erythrocyte

122
Q

Derma

A

skin​​​​​e.g. dermatologist

123
Q

Gravida

A

pregnancy​​​​e.g. multigravida

124
Q

Gen, genesis

A

creating, producing​​e.g. hematogenesis

125
Q

Ist

A

one who specializes​​e.g. radiologist, oncologist

126
Q

Logy

A

study of​​​e.g. radiology, oncology, cytology

127
Q

Phagia

A

to swallow​ e.g. dysphagia, polyphagia (excessive hunger)

128
Q

Plasia

A

formation, produce​​e.g. endometrial hyperplasia

129
Q

Phasia

A

to speak​​​​e.g. dysphasia

130
Q

Philia

A

attraction, tendency toward ​e.g. hemophilia

131
Q

Physis

A

growth​​​​e.g. epiphysis

132
Q

Pnea

A

breathing​​​​e.g. dyspnea

133
Q

Poiesis

A

formation​​​​e.g. hematopoiesis

134
Q

Stasis

A

cessation, stopping​​e.g. bacteriostasis

135
Q

Therapy

A

treatment​​​​e.g. radiotherapy

136
Q

Trophy

A

nourishment, development​
e.g. atrophy (e.g. muscular atrophy, ovarian atrophy after menopause)
​​​​e.g. Hypertrophy (renal hypertrophy)

137
Q

Uria

A

urine​​​​​e.g. polyuria

138
Q

Aden

A

gland​ e.g. adenocarcinoma (carcinoma of glandular tissue)

139
Q

Adip

A

fat​​e.g. adipocytes (fat cells)

140
Q

Albumin

A

albumin, white protein​​​e.g. albuminurea

141
Q

Alveol

A

alveolus​
e.g. alveolar carcinoma (carcinoma of the alveoli of the lung)

142
Q

Andr

A

male​​e.g. androgenic (causes masculine characteristics)

143
Q

Angi

A

vessel​​e.g. angiogram (x-ray of a vessel)

144
Q

Aort

A

aorta​​e.g. aortic aneurysm (aneurysm in the aorta)

145
Q

Arteri

A

artery​​e.g. arteriosclerosis (hardness of arteries)

146
Q

Arthr

A

joint​​e.g. arthroscopy (viewing the joint with a scope)

147
Q

Arteriol

A

small artery​
e.g. arteriolar dilation (widening of the arterioles)

148
Q

Ather

A

fatty deposits
e.g. atherosclerosis (hardening of a vessel due to fatty deposit)

149
Q

Audi

A

hearing​e.g. audiogram

150
Q

Bacteri

A

bacteria ​
e.g. bacteriostatic (stops the bacteria), bactericidal (kills the bacteria)

151
Q

Bil

A

biliary system
e.g. biliary colic (pain related to gall bladder and biliary system)

152
Q

Blast

A

primitive​
e.g. blastocyst (an embryo that has developed for five to six days after fertilization)

153
Q

brachi

A

arm​​e.g. brachial artery

154
Q

Bronch

A

bronchus​e.g. bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchus)

155
Q

Carcin

A

cancer​e.g. carcinogen (causes cancer)

156
Q

Cardi

A

heart​​e.g. cardiac shock (shock due to heart causes)

157
Q

cephal

A

head​​e.g. cephalic direction (towards the head)

158
Q

Cereb

A

cerebrum, portion of the brain​
​​​​e.g. cerebral hemorrhage, cerebrospinal fluid ​​​​​(fluid pertaining to the brain and spinal cord)

159
Q

cerebell

A

cerebellum​e.g. cerebellar infarction

160
Q

cervic

A

neck, part of the uterus​​
e.g. cervical vertebrae (vertebrae of the neck)
e.g. cervical cancer

161
Q

cholangi

A

bile vessel​e.g. cholangiogram (x-ray of the biliary vessels)

162
Q

cholecyst

A

gallbladder
e.g. cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder)

163
Q

choledoch

A

bile duct​e.g. choledochal cyst (cyst in the bile duct)

164
Q

chole

A

bile​​e.g. cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder)

165
Q

Chondri

A

cartilage​e.g. chondrosarcoma (cancer of cartilage origin)

166
Q

cirr

A

yellow​
e.g. cirrhosis of the liver (yellow discoloration of the sclera related to the disease)

167
Q

cost

A

rib​​e.g. costochondritis (inflammation of the ribs ​​​cartilages), costal pain

168
Q

col

A

colon​ e.g. colorectal cancer (cancer of colon and rectum)

169
Q

colp

A

vagina​e.g. hematocolpos (blood in the vagina)

170
Q

Crani

A

cranium
e.g. craniotomy (a bone flap is removed from the skull)

171
Q

crypt

A

hidden​
e.g. cryptorchidism (absence of one or both testes from the scrotum)

172
Q

cutane

A

skin​ e.g. subcutaneous injection (injection under the skin)

173
Q

cyst

A

bladder​e.g. cystitis (bladder infection), cystoscopy

174
Q

Dactyl

A

digit​​e.g. dactylitis (inflammation of the entire finger)

175
Q

Derma,Dermat

A

skin​e.g. dermatologist (skin doctor)

176
Q

duoden

A

duodenum​e.g. duodenal ulcer

177
Q

Encephal

A

brain​​e.g. encephalitis (infection of the brain)

178
Q

Enter

A

intestine​e.g. enteritis (infection of the intestines)

179
Q

Epididym

A

epididymis​
e.g. epididymo-orchitis (infection of the epididymis and the testis

180
Q

erythr

A

red​​
e.g. erythrocyte (red blood cell), erythrocytosis (increased number of erythrocytes)

181
Q

gangli

A

ganglion​e.g. ganglion cyst

182
Q

Gastr

A

stomach​e.g. gastric ulcer (ulcer of the stomach)

183
Q

Glomerul

A

glomerulus​
e.g. glomerulonephritis (inflammation of the glomerulus of the kidney)

184
Q

glyc

A

sugar​​e.g. hypoglycemia

185
Q

Gonad

A

sex glands​e.g. gonadal artery (ovarian or testicular artery)

186
Q

Gynec

A

woman​
e.g. gynecologist (a physician who is specialized in women diseases), gynecomastia (developed breast tissue in males)

187
Q

Hem

A

blood​​e.g. hemoptysis (expectoration of blood)

188
Q

Hemat

A

blood​​e.g. hematoma (a localized collection of blood)

189
Q

Hepat

A

liver​​
e.g. hepatomegaly (enlargement of the liver), hepatitis (inflammation of the liver)

190
Q

Heter

A

different ​
e.g. heterogeneous (different in content or character)

191
Q

hist

A

tissue​​e.g. histology (science of the tissues)

192
Q

Hom

A

same​​e.g. homogeneous (same in content or character)

193
Q

hyster

A

uterus​e.g. hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus)

194
Q

ile

A

ileum​​
e.g. ileostomy (a surgically created opening of a loop of ileum, part of the small intestine, onto the anterior abdominal skin)

195
Q

Immun

A

safe, protected ​​e.g. immunization

196
Q

Jejun

A

jejunum​
e.g. jejunostomy (a surgically created opening of a loop of jejunum onto the anterior abdominal skin)

197
Q

Kary

A

nucleus​
e.g. karyotype (the number and appearance of chromosomes in a nucleus)

198
Q

kinesi

A

movement ​ e.g. kinetic energy

199
Q

lact

A

milk​​e.g. lactiferous duct (milk duct)

200
Q

lamin

A

lamina​e.g. laminectomy (removal of the vertebral arch)

201
Q

lapar

A

abdomen​
e.g. laparoscopy (viewing the abdomen content with a scope)

202
Q

Leiomy

A

smooth muscle
e.g. leiomyoma (benign tumor of smooth muscle)

203
Q

Leuk

A

white​​e.g. leukocyte (white blood cell)

204
Q

Leukocyte

A

white cell​
e.g. leukocytopenia (decrease in the number of white blood cells)

205
Q

Lith

A

stone​​
e.g. lithotomy (surgical incision for removal of a stone from the body)

206
Q

Lob

A

lobe​​
e.g. lobular carcinoma (carcinoma in the lobule of the breast)

207
Q

Lumb

A

loins​​​e.g. lumbar puncture

208
Q

Lymph

A

lymph​​​e.g. lymphocyte (lymph cell)

209
Q

Mamm

A

breast​​e.g. mammograph (x-ray of the breast)

210
Q

Mast

A

breast​​e.g. mastitis (infection of the breast)

211
Q

Medull

A

medulla​​e.g. medullary thyroid cancer

212
Q

Melan

A

black​​​e.g. melanoma (dark pigment skin cancer)

213
Q

Men

A

menses​​e.g. menorrhagia (heavy menses)

214
Q

Mening

A

meninges​​e.g. meningitis

215
Q

Mon

A

one​​
e.g. monoamniotic twins (identical twins that share same amniotic sac)

216
Q

Morph

A

shape​​
e.g. morphology (a branch of science that studies the shape of structures)

217
Q

My

A

muscle​​e.g. myopathy (disease of the muscle)

218
Q

Myc

A

fungus​​e.g. mycosis (fungal infection)

219
Q

Myel

A

bone marrow
e.g. multiple myeloma (cancer of bone marrow)

220
Q

Narc

A

sleep​​​e.g. narcolepsy

221
Q

Nephr

A

kidney​ e.g. nephrectomy (surgical removal of the kidney)

222
Q

Neur

A

nerve​​​e.g. neuropathy (disease of the nerves)

223
Q

Noct

A

night​​​e.g. nocturnal urination

224
Q

olig

A

scanty​​e.g. oligospermia (scanty sperm production)

225
Q

Oo

A

egg, ovum​​e.g. oocyte

226
Q

Oophor

A

ovary​​
e.g. oophorectomy (surgical removal of the ovaries)

227
Q

Ophthalm

A

eye​​e.g. ophthalmologist

228
Q

orchid

A

testes​​e.g. orchiectomy (surgical removal of the testis)

229
Q

orth

A

straight​
e.g. orthostatic hypotension (hypotension that occurs when a person stands up or sits up after prolonged lying down)

230
Q

Oste

A

bone​​
e.g. osteoarthritis (inflammation of the bones and ​joints), osteoporosis

231
Q

Oto

A

ear​​e.g. otoscope (viewing inside the ear with a scope)

232
Q

Pancreat

A

pancreas​e.g. pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas)

233
Q

Ped, pod

A

foot​​e.g. bipedal (humans walk on two feet); podiatrist

234
Q

Perine

A

perineum​
e.g. perineal laceration, perineotomy (a surgical incision in the perineum to facilitate child birth, also known as episiotomy

235
Q

peritone

A

peritoneum​ e.g. peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum)

236
Q

Phag

A

swallow​ e.g. dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)

237
Q

Phleb

A

vein​​ e.g. phlebotomy (blood withdrawal from a vein)

238
Q

phren

A

diaphragm​ e.g. phrenic nerve (nerve of the diaphragm)

239
Q

pleur

A

pleura​
e.g. pleural effusion (fluid in the pleural cavity surrounding the lung)

240
Q

pneum

A

air, lung
e.g. pneumothorax (air in the space around the lung)
​​​ e.g. pneumonia

241
Q

Presby

A

old age​​
e.g. prysbyopia (aging eye loses flexibility to focus on near objects)

242
Q

proct

A

rectum
e.g. proctologist (a physician specialized in rectum disease)

243
Q

Prostat

A

prostate​e.g. prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate)

244
Q

pulmon

A

lung​​e.g. pulmonologist (lung doctor)

245
Q

py

A

pus​​e.g. pyuria (pus in the urine)

246
Q

pyel

A

pelvis of the kidney​​
​​​​e.g. pyelonephritis (infection of the kidney pelvis)

247
Q

pylor

A

pylorus
e.g. pyloric stenosis (stenosis of the pylorus of the stomach)

248
Q

ren

A

kidney​e.g. renal cell carcinoma (cancer of the kidney)

249
Q

rhabdomy

A

striated muscle
e.g. rhabdomyoma (benign tumor of striated muscle)

250
Q

rhin

A

nose​​e.g. rhinoplasty (plastic surgery on the nose)

251
Q

salping

A

fallopian tubes
e.g. salpingitis (inflammation of fallopian tubes)

252
Q

scler

A

hard​​e.g. scleroderma (hardening of the skin)

253
Q

somat

A

body​​e.g. somatic illness (illness in the body)

254
Q

spermat

A

sperm​​e.g. spermatocyte (sperm cell)

255
Q

sphere

A

globe, round​
e.g. spherical shape (circular or round shape)

256
Q

sphygm

A

pulse​​
e.g. sphygmomanometer (a device to measure blood pressure by listening to the pulse)

257
Q

splen

A

spleen​e.g. splenomegaly (enlargement of the spleen)

258
Q

steat

A

fat​​e.g. steatorrhea (presence of fat in feces)

259
Q

stern

A

sternum​
e.g. sternoclavicular joint (joint between the sternum and the clavicle)

260
Q

thalam

A

thalamus​e.g. hypothalamus

261
Q

thromb

A

clot​​e.g. thrombosis (clotting of the blood)

262
Q

thrombocyte

A

platelet​
e.g. thrombocytopenia (deficiency in thrombocytes)

263
Q

thyr

A

thyroid​e.g. thyroiditis (inflammation of the thyroid)

264
Q

trache

A

trachea​
e.g. tracheostomy (surgical procedure to create an opening through the neck into the trachea)

Medical Terms (4 decks)

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