Medical Terminology Flashcards
Root: angi/o
Cardiovascular
vessel
ex. Angioplasty: the repair of a blood vessel
Root: aort/o
Cardiovascular
aorta
ex. Aortic arch
Root: arteriol/o
Cardiovascular
arteriole
ex. Arteriolosclerosis: thickening of the arteriole walls
Root: arteri/o
Cardiovascular
artery
ex. Arteriosclerosis: damaged arteries
Root: ather/o
Cardiovascular
fatty
ex. Atherosclerosis: thickening or hardening of the arteries caused by a buildup of plaque in the inner lining of an artery
Root: atri/o
Cardiovascular
atrium
ex. Atrial fibrillation: an irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia) that begins in the upper (atria) of your heart.
Root: bas/o
Cardiovascular
alkaline
ex. Basophil: a type of white blood cell used in the human body’s allergic response
Root: cardi/o
Cardiovascular
heart
ex. Echocardiogram: uses sound waves to show how blood flows through the heart and heart valves
Root: chrom/o
Cardiovascular
color
ex. Chromosome: cell structures, or bodies, that are strongly stained by some colorful dyes used in research
Root: eosin/o
Cardiovascular
rose colored
ex. Eosinophil: a specialized cell of the immune system with intense pink staining.
Root: erythr/o
Cardiovascular
red
ex. Erythrocyte: a red blood cell
Root: granul/o
Cardiovascular
granule
ex. Granulocyte: cells in the immune system characterized by the presence of specific granules in their cytoplasm.
Root: hemangi/o
Cardiovascular
blood vessel
ex. Hemangionoma: common vascular birthmark, made of extra blood vessels in the skin
Root: hem/o
Cardiovascular
blood
ex. Hemoglobin: a protein in your red blood cells
Root: kary/o
Cardiovascular
nucleus
ex. Karyotype: complete set of chromosomes of an individual, which are found in the cell nucleus
Root: leuk/o
Cardiovascular
white
ex. Leukocyte: white blood cell
Root: lymph/o
Cardiovascular
lymph
ex. Lymphangitis: an infection and inflammation of the lymph vessels
Root: morph/o
Cardiovascular
form
ex. Morphology: (biology) the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features
Root: nucle/o
Cardiovascular
nucleus
ex. Nucleolus: a small dense spherical structure in the nucleus
Root: phag/o
Cardiovascular
eat
ex. Phagocytosis: a cellular process for ingesting and eliminating particles
Root: phleb/o
Cardiovascular
vein
ex. Phlebitis: inflammation of a vein near the surface of the skin.
Root: poikil/o
Cardiovascular
irregular
ex. Poikilocytosis: an increase in abnormal red blood cells of any shape that can be flat, elongated, teardrop-shaped, crescent-shaped, sickle-shaped, or can have pointy or thorn-like projections, or may have other abnormal features.
Root: reticul/o
Cardiovascular
mesh
ex. Reticulocyte: immature red blood cells which have a visible mesh-like network of ribosomal RNA.
Root: scler/o
Cardiovascular
hard
ex. Atherosclerosis: thickening or hardening of the arteries caused by a buildup of plaque in the inner lining of an artery
Root: sider/o
Cardiovascular
iron
ex. Sideroblastic anemia: anemia from lack of red blood cells and too much iron in your system because your body’s not making use of iron in your red blood cells
Root: sphygm/o
Cardiovascular
pulse
ex. Sphygmomanometer: an instrument for measuring blood pressure.
Root: thromb/o
Cardiovascular
clot
ex. Thrombocyte: disc-shaped piece of cell that is found in the blood and spleen that help form blood clots to slow or stop bleeding and to help wounds heal
Root: vascul/o
Cardiovascular
vessel
ex. Avascular: characterized by or associated with a lack of blood vessels
Root: ven/o
Cardiovascular
vein
ex. Venipuncture: the puncture of a vein as part of a medical procedure
Root: ventricl/o
Cardiovascular
ventricle
ex. Ventriculomegaly: a condition in which the ventricles appear larger than normal on a prenatal ultrasound
Root: append/o
Digestive
appendix
ex. Appendectomy: surgery to remove the appendix
Root: appendic/o
Digestive
appendix
ex. Appendicitis: inflammation of the appendix
Root: bucc/o
Digestive
cheek
ex. Buccinator: a flat, thin muscle in the wall of the cheek
Root: cheil/o
Digestive
lip
ex. Cheilitis: inflammation of the lips
Root: chol/e
Digestive
bile
ex. Cholecystitis: a redness and swelling (inflammation) of the gallbladder when bile becomes trapped and builds up.
Root: col/o
Digestive
large intestine
ex. Colitis: swelling (inflammation) of the large intestine (colon).
Root: colon/o
Digestive
large intestine
ex. Colonoscopy: a procedure in which a doctor uses a colonoscope or scope, to look inside your rectum and colon
Root: dont/o
Digestive
teeth
ex. Periodontal abscess: An abscess at the end of a tooth
Root: duoden/o
Digestive
duodenum
ex. Duodenal ulcer: a sore that forms in the lining of the duodenum (first part of your small intestine).
Root: enter/o
Digestive
small intestine
ex. Gastroenteritis: an inflammation of the lining of the stomach and intestines.
Root: esophag/o
Digestive
esophagus
ex. Esophagitis: inflammation of the esophagus
Root: gastr/o
Digestive
stomach
ex. Gastritis: Inflammation of the lining of the stomach
Root: gingiv/o
Digestive
gums
ex. Gingivitis: inflammation of the gums
Root: gloss/o
Digestive
tongue
ex. Hypoglossal nerve: 12th cranial nerve for the tongue musculature
Root: hepat/o
Digestive
liver
ex. Hepatitis: inflammation of the liver
Root: ile/o
Digestive
ileum
ex. Ileocecal sphincter: sphincter muscle situated at the junction of the ileum (last portion of your small intestine) and the colon (first portion of your large intestine)
Root: jejun/o
Digestive
jejunum
ex. Jejunostomy: Surgery to create an opening into the jejunum (part of the small intestine) from the outside of the body
Root: labi/o
Digestive
lip
ex. Labiomental groove: the deepest point of contour change at the junction of the lower lip and chin
Root: lingu/o
Digestive
tongue
ex. Bilingual: speaking two languages fluently.
Root: odont/o
Digestive
teeth
ex. Odontoblast: tall columnar cells located at the periphery of the dental pulp
Root: or/o
Digestive
mouth
ex. Oral cavity: the mouth
Root: pancreat/o
Digestive
pancreas
ex. Pancreatitis: inflammation of the pancreas
Root: pharyng/o
Digestive
pharynx
ex. Pharyngitis: inflammation of the pharynx, resulting in a sore throat
Root: proct/o
Digestive
anus
ex. Proctology: study of the anus and rectum
Root: pylor/o
Digestive
pylorus
ex. Pylorostenosis: a narrowing of the pylorus, the opening from the stomach, into the small intestine
Root: rect/o
Digestive
rectum
ex. Rectorrhagia: the elimination of only fresh blood by defecation.
Root: sial/o
Digestive
saliva
ex. Sialorrhea: hypersalivation or excessive drooling, literally means excessive saliva flow
Root: sigmoid/o
Digestive
sigmoid
ex. Sigmoidectomy: removes all or part of the sigmoid colon
Root: stomat/o
Digestive
mouth
ex. Stomatitis: inflammation and redness of the oral mucosa that can lead to pain and difficulty talking, eating, and sleeping
Root: aden/o
Endocrine
gland
ex. Adenoma: a benign tumor formed from glandular structures
Root: adren/o
Endocrine
adrenal glands
ex. Adrenaline: a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands
Root: adrenal/o
Endocrine
adrenal glands
ex. Adrenaline: a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands
Root: calc/o
Endocrine
calcium
ex. Hyper**calc*emia: a condition in which the calcium level in your blood is above normal.
Root: gluc/o
Endocrine
sugar
ex. Glucagon: a hormone that your pancreas makes to help regulate your blood glucose (sugar) levels.
Root: glyc/o
Endocrine
sugar
ex. Hyperglycemia: high blood glucose (blood sugar)
Root: gonad/o
Endocrine
gonads
ex. Gonadotropin: hormones that act on the gonads, controlling gamete and sex hormone production.
Root: home/o
Endocrine
same
ex. Homeostasis: is the ability of the body to maintain relatively stable internal conditions (same) (internal environment) even though the outside world (external environment) is changing
Root: kal/i
Endocrine
potassium
ex. Hyperkalemia: a serum or plasma potassium level above the upper limits of normal
Root: thyr/o
Endocrine
thyroid
ex. Hyperthydoidism: happens when the thyroid gland makes too much thyroid hormone
Root: toxic/o
Endocrine
poison
ex. Intoxication: the condition of having physical or mental control markedly diminished by the effects of alcohol or drugs
Root: thalam/o
Endocrine
thalamus
ex. Thalamotomy: a brain surgery that destroys the thalamus
Root: adip/o
Integumentary
fat
ex. Adipose: used for the storage of fat
Root: albin
Integumentary
white
ex. Albinism: condition that leads to someone having very light skin, hair, and eyes
Root: carcin/o
Integumentary
cancer
ex. Carcinogen: a substance, organism or agent capable of causing cancer
Root: cirrh/o
Integumentary
yellow
ex. Cirrhosis: severe scarring of the liver that can cause yellow discoloration in the skin and eyes, called jaundice
Root: cutane/o
Integumentary
skin
ex. Subcutaneous: situated or applied under the skin
Root: cyan/o
Integumentary
blue
ex. Cyanosis: a bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood
Root: derm/o
Integumentary
skin
ex. Scleroderma: disease that causes inflammation in the skin
Root: dermat/o
Integumentary
skin
ex. Dermatitis
Root: erythem/o
Integumentary
red
ex. Lupus erythematosus: autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks its own tissues, causing widespread inflammation and tissue damage often causing a red, butterfly-shaped rash over your cheeks and nose, often following exposure to sunlight
Root: hidr/o
Integumentary
sweat
ex. Hyperhidrosis: excessive sweating that’s not always related to heat or exercise
Root: hist/o
Integumentary
tissue
ex. Histology: the study of the microscopic structure of tissues
Root: ichthy/o
Integumentary
scaly
ex. Ichthyosis: a group of skin disorders that lead to dry, itchy skin that appears scaly, rough, and red
Root: jaund/o
Integumentary
yellow
ex. Jaundice: a condition produced when excess amounts of bilirubin circulating in the blood stream dissolve in the subcutaneous fat, causing a yellowish appearance of the skin and the whites of the eyes.
Root: kerat/o
Integumentary
hard
ex. Keratin: a tough, insoluble protein that is the main constituent of hair, nails, horn, hoofs, etc., and of the outermost layer of skin.
Root: lip/o
Integumentary
fat
ex. Lipoma: a non cancerous (benign) lump that forms due to an overgrowth of fat cells
Root: melan/o
Integumentary
black
ex. Melanoma: skin cancer that begins in cells known as melanocytes that may produce different shades of brown, tan or black.
Root: myc/o
Integumentary
fungi
ex. Onychomycosis: a fungal infection of the nail unit
Root: onych/o
Integumentary
nail
ex. Onychomycosis: a fungal infection of the nail unit
Root: pil/o
Integumentary
hair
ex. Arrector pili: a small band of smooth muscle that connects the hair follicle to the connective tissue of the basement membrane
Root: phyt/o
Integumentary
plant
ex. Dermato**phytosis: a group of fungi that have the ability to invade keratinized tissues and cause superficial infections in humans and animals.
Root: seb/o
Integumentary
sebum
ex. Sebaceous cyst: small lumps that arise within the skin that can form when the opening to a sebaceous gland becomes blocked and produces an oily substance called sebum.
Root: squam/o
Integumentary
scale
ex. Squamous suture: A scalelike suture; one with opposing margins that are scalelike and overlapping.
Root: sudor/o
Integumentary
sweat
ex. Sudoriferous gland: Any of the glands in the skin that secrete perspiration.
Root: trich/o
Integumentary
hair
ex. Trichomoniasis: unicellular organism with hair-like flagella.
Root: ungu/o
Integumentary
nail
ex. Tinua unguium: The most common fungus infection of the nails
Root: xanth/o
Integumentary
yellow
ex. Xanthoma: a fatty irregular yellow patch or nodule containing lipid-filled foam cells that occurs on the skin
Root: xer/o
Integumentary
dry
ex. Xerophthalmia: abnormal dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea of the eye, with inflammation and ridge formation, typically associated with vitamin A deficiency.
Root: adenoid/o
Lymphatic
adenoids
ex. Adenoidectomy: the surgical removal of the adenoids
Root: immun/o
Lymphatic
immune
ex. Immunology: the study of the immune system
Root: lymph/o
Lymphatic
Lymph
ex. Lymphangitis: infection and inflammation of the lymph vessels
Root: splen/o
Lymphatic
spleen
ex. Splenectomy: a surgical procedure to remove your spleen
Root: tonsil/o
Lymphatic
tonsils
ex. Tonsillitis: inflammation of the tonsils
Root: thymus/o
Lymphatic
thymus
ex. Thymectomy: an operation to remove the thymus
Root: adhes/o
Muscular
stick
ex. Adhesion: the tendency of dissimilar particles or surfaces to cling to one another
Root: duct/o
Muscular
carry
ex.Ductopenia: reduction in the number of ducts in an organ
Root: erg/o
Muscular
work
ex. Ergomonic: relating to or designed for efficiency and comfort in the working environment.
Root: fasci/o
Muscular
fascia
ex. Tensor fasciae latae: a muscle that tenses a band (fascia) on the side
Root: fibr/o
Muscular
fiber
ex. Fibromyalgia: disorder characterized by widespread pain, tenderness, and stiffness of muscles
Root: fibros/o
Muscular
fiber
ex. Fibrosis: the development in an organ of excess fibrous connective tissue
Root: flex/o
Muscular
bend
ex. Flexion: the action of bending or the condition of being bent
Root: Is/o
Muscular
same
ex.Isometric: of or having equal dimensions; relating to or denoting muscular action in which tension is developed without contraction of the muscle
Root: kinesi/o
Muscular
movement
ex.Kinesiology: scientific study of human body movement
Root: lei/o
Muscular
smooth
ex.Leiomyoma: a group of benign smooth muscle tumors.
Root: lev/o
Muscular
lift
ex.Levator scapulae: superficial extrinsic muscles of the back that primarily function to elevate the scapulae
Root: levat/o
Muscular
lift
ex. Levator scapulae: superficial extrinsic muscles of the back that primarily function to elevate the scapulae
Root: metr/o
Muscular
length
ex. Isometric: of or having equal dimensions; relating to or denoting muscular action in which tension is developed without contraction of the muscle.
Root: quadr/i
Muscular
four
ex.Quadriceps: the large muscle at the front of the thigh, which is divided into four distinct portions and acts to extend the leg.
Root: rect/o
Muscular
straight
ex.Rectus abdominis: each of a pair of long flat (straight) muscles at the front of the abdomen, joining the sternum to the pubis and acting to bend the whole body forward or sideways.
Root: ten/o
Muscular
tendon
ex.Tenoperiosteal junction: The point where tendon meets bone.
Root: tend/o
Muscular
tendon
ex.Tendonitis: inflammation of the thick fibrous cords that attach muscle to bone
Root: tendin/o
Muscular
tendon
ex.Tendinitis: inflammation of the thick fibrous cords that attach muscle to bone
Root: tens/o
Muscular
strain
ex.Tensor fascia latae: a muscle that tenses a band (fascia) on the side
Root: ton/o
Muscular
tension
ex. Isotonic: tension remains the same, whilst the muscle’s length changes
Root: tort/i
Muscular
twisted
ex. Torticollis: a condition where your baby’s neck muscles cause their head to twist and tilt to one side
Root: astr/o
Nervous
star
ex. Astrocytoma: tumor that develop in your central nervous system (CNS) that grow from star-shaped astrocyte cells
Root: ax/o
Nervous
axon
ex. Axon: An axon or nerve fiber is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, in vertebrates, that typically conducts electrical impulses
Root: cephal/o
Nervous
head
ex. Encephalitis: inflammation of the active tissues of the brain caused by an infection or an autoimmune response
Root: cerebell/o
Nervous
cerebellum
ex. Cerebellum: the part of the brain at the back of the skull in vertebrates. Its function is to coordinate and regulate muscular activity.
Root: clon/o
Nervous
clonus
ex. Clonus: abnormal reflex response that involves involuntary and rhythmic muscle contractions
Root: cortic/o
Nervous
cortex
ex. Corticosteroid: a class of steroid hormones released by the adrenal cortex
Root: crani/o
Nervous
skull
ex. Cranium: The bones that form the head
Root: dendr/o
Nervous
tree
ex. Dendrite: a short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body.
Root: dur/o
Nervous
dura mater
ex. Epidural space: the potential space between the dura mater and vertebrae (spine).
Root: encephal/o
Nervous
brain
ex. Encephalitis: inflammation of the active tissues of the brain caused by an infection or an autoimmune response
Root: estesi/o
Nervous
sensation
ex. Anesthesic: a substance that induces insensitivity to pain.
Root: gangli/o
Nervous
ganglion
ex. Ganglion cyst: lumps that most often appear along the tendons or joints of wrists or hands
Root: gli/o
Nervous
glue
ex. Glioblastoma: tumors that develop from glue-like cells known as glial cells that surround nerve cells in your brain or spinal cord
Root: lex/o
Nervous
word
ex. Lexicon: the vocabulary of a person, language, or branch of knowledge
Root: lob/o
Nervous
lobe
ex. Lobotomy: a surgical operation involving incision into the prefrontal lobe of the brain, formerly used to treat mental illness.
Root: mining/o
Nervous
meninges
ex. Meningitis: an infection and inflammation of the fluid and three membranes (meninges) protecting the brain and spinal cord
Root: ment/o
Nervous
mind
ex. Mentality: the characteristic attitude of mind or way of thinking of a person or group
Root: mot/o
Nervous
move
ex. Locomotion: movement or the ability to move from one place to another.
Root: myel/o
Nervous
canal
ex. Osteomyelitis: an inflammatory condition involving the medullary cavity of bone
Root: narc/o
Nervous
stupor
ex. Narcolepsy: sleep disorder that makes people very drowsy during the day
Root: neur/o
Nervous
nerve
ex. Neuralgia: pain in a nerve pathway
Root: olig/o
Nervous
few
ex. Oligodendrocyte: ‘cells with a few branches’ whose main functions are to provide support and insulation to axons in the central nervous system of jawed vertebrates
Root: phas/o
Nervous
speech
ex. Dysphasia: impairment in the production of speech resulting from brain disease or damage.
Root: phren/o
Nervous
mind
ex. Phrenology: the detailed study of the shape and size of the cranium as a supposed indication of character and mental abilities.
Root: psych/o
Nervous
mind
ex. Psychosis: a collection of symptoms that affect the mind, where there has been some loss of contact with reality
Root: spin/o
Nervous
spine
ex. Semispinalis: muscle is found lying on either side of the vertebral column spanning half the spine from the occipital bone to as far as to the tenth thoracic vertebrae
Root: synapt/o
Nervous
point of contact
ex. Synapse: a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter.
Root: tax/o
Nervous
order
ex. Taxonomy: a system of classification
Root: amni/o
Reproductive
amnion
ex. Amniocentesis: a prenatal test that takes amniotic fluid from around your baby in the uterus.
Root: andr/o
Reproductive
male
ex. Androgen: male sex hormones; a substance capable of developing and maintaining masculine characteristics in reproductive tissues
Root: cervic/o
Reproductive
neck
ex. Cervix: The lower, narrow end of the uterus (womb) that connects the uterus to the vagina (birth canal), which leads to the outside of the body
Root: colp/o
Reproductive
vagina
ex. Colposcopy: a way of looking at the cervix, vagina, and vulva through a special magnifying device
Root: embry/o
Reproductive
embryo
ex. Embryonic stage: lasts through the eighth week following fertilization, after which the embryo is called a fetus.
Root: epididym/o
Reproductive
epididymis
ex. Epididymitis: inflammation of the epididymis ( a coiled tube at the back of your testicle that stores and carries sperm).
Root: episi/o
Reproductive
vulva
ex. Episiotomy: a surgical cut made at the opening of the vagina during childbirth
Root: fet/o
Reproductive
fetus
ex. Fetal development: post embryotic (fetus) development up until birth.
Root: galact/o
Reproductive
milk
ex. Galactorrhea: milk production from the breast unrelated to pregnancy or lactation
Root: genet/o
Reproductive
genetalia
ex. Genetal Herpes: a sexually transmitted disease (STD) that can cause sores on your genital or rectal area, buttocks, and thighs.
Root: gynec/o
Reproductive
woman
ex. Gynecology: functions and diseases specific to women.
Root: hyster/o
Reproductive
uterus
ex. Hysterectomy: a surgery to remove the uterus
Root: hymen/o
Reproductive
hymen
ex. Hymenectomy: a surgery to remove or open the hymen (surgically remove or open the hymen).
Root: lact/o
Reproductive
milk
ex. Lactation: the secretion of milk by the mammary glands.
Root: mamm/o
Reproductive
breast
ex. Mammary glands: glands of the human female breasts or the milk-secreting organs of other mammals.
Root: mast/o
Reproductive
breast
ex. Mastectomy: a surgical operation to remove a breast
Root: men/o
Reproductive
menstruation
ex. Menopause: a point in time 12 months after a woman’s last period.
Root: metr/o
Reproductive
uterus
ex. Metrorrhagia: abnormal bleeding from the uterus.
Root: nat/o
Reproductive
birth
ex. Neonatal: relating to newborn children (or other mammals).
Root: o/o
Reproductive
egg
ex. Oocyte: a cell in an ovary which may undergo meiotic division to form an ovum.
Root: oophor/o
Reproductive
ovary
ex. Oophorectomy: surgical removal of one or both ovaries; ovariectomy.
Root: Orch/o
Reproductive
testicle
ex. Orchiectomy: a surgical procedure to remove one or both testicles
Root: ovari/o
Reproductive
ovary
ex. Ovarian tumor: abnormal growths on the ovaries, the female reproductive organs that produce eggs
Root: pen/o
Reproductive
penis
ex. Penoscrotal fusion: (webbed penis) when a boy’s scrotum forms on the underside of the shaft of the penis.
Root: perine/o
Reproductive
perineum
ex. Perineotomy: (Episiotomy) a surgical incision of the perineum and the posterior vaginal wall generally done by a midwife or obstetrician
Root: prostat/o
Reproductive
prostate
ex. Prostatitis: inflammation of the prostate
Root: salping/o
Reproductive
fallopian tube
ex. Salpingitis: inflammation of the fallopian tubes, caused by bacterial infection
Root: sperm/o
Reproductive
sperm
ex. Spermicide: a kind of birth control that has chemicals that stop sperm from reaching an egg.
Root: spermat/o
Reproductive
sperm
ex. Spermatogenesis: the production or development of mature spermatozoa.
Root: test/o
Reproductive
testicle
ex. Testicular tortion: when a testicle rotates, twisting the spermatic cord that brings blood to the scrotum
Root: uter/o
Reproductive
uterus
ex. Uterine lining: the lining of the uterus
Root: vagin/o
Reproductive
vagina
ex. Bacterial vaginosis: a condition caused by an overgrowth of normal vaginal flora
Root: vesticul/o
Reproductive
seminal vesticle
ex. Vesiculitis: inflammation and infection of the seminal vesicles (a man’s ductlike glands that add fluid secretions to the seminal fluid as it passes from the body during intercourse).
Root: vulv/o
Reproductive
vulva
ex. Vulvitis: an itchy inflammation of the vulva, the soft folds of skin outside the vagina.
Root: alveol/o
Respiratory
alveolus
ex. Alveoli: any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange.
Root: anthrac/o
Respiratory
black
ex. Anthrax: A raised, itchy bump resembling an insect bite that quickly develops into a painless sore with a black center
Root: bronch/o
Respiratory
bronchus
ex. Bronchitis: a condition that develops when the airways in the lungs, called bronchial tubes, become inflamed and cause coughing, often with mucus production.
Root: bronchi/o
Respiratory
bronchus
ex. Bronchiole: any of the minute branches into which a bronchus divides.
Root: con/o
Respiratory
dust
ex. Conidium: a powder-filled spore produced asexually by various fungi at the tip of a specialized hypha.
Root: embol/o
Respiratory
plug
ex. Embolism: obstruction of an artery, typically by a clot of blood or an air bubble
Root: emphys/o
Respiratory
inflate
ex. Emphysema: a type of lung disease that causes breathlessness
Root: epiglott/o
Respiratory
epiglottis
ex. Epiglottitis: when the epiglottis — a small cartilage “lid” that covers the windpipe — swells
Root: laryng/o
Respiratory
larynx
ex. Laryngitis: inflammation of the larynx (voice box)
Root: muc/o
Respiratory
mucous
ex. Submucosa: the layer of areolar connective tissue lying beneath a mucous membrane.
Root: nas/o
Respiratory
nose
ex. Nasal cavity: The space inside the nose
Root: ox/o
Respiratory
oxygen
ex. Hypoxia: a state in which oxygen is not available in sufficient amounts at the tissue level to maintain adequate homeostasis
Root: pector/o
Respiratory
chest
ex. Pectoralis major: the superior most and largest muscle of the anterior chest wall
Root: phon/o
Respiratory
sound
ex. Dysphonia: to having an abnormal voice. It is also known as hoarseness.
Root: phren/o
Respiratory
diaphragm
ex. Phrenic nerve: a nerve that controls your diaphragm
Root: pleur/o
Respiratory
pleura
ex. Pleural membrane: serous membrane that folds back on itself to form a two-layered membranous pleural sac.
Root: pneum/o
Respiratory
lung
ex. Pneumonia: an infection that affects one or both lungs an infection that affects one or both lungs.
Root: pulm/o
Respiratory
lung
ex. Pulmonary edema: a condition caused by too much fluid in the lungs
Root: rhin/o
Respiratory
nose
ex. Rhinitis: when a reaction occurs that causes nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, and itching
Root: sinus/o
Respiratory
sinus
ex. Sinusitis: an inflammation of the tissues in your sinuses.
Root: spir/o
Respiratory
breathe
ex. Spirometer: an apparatus for measuring the volume of air inspired and expired by the lungs
Root: steth/o
Respiratory
chest
ex. Stethoscope: a medical instrument for listening to the action of someone’s heart or breathing in the chest.
Root: thorac/o
Respiratory
chest
ex. Thoracic vertebrae: The longest section of your spine which starts at the base of your neck and ends at the bottom of your ribs
Root: trache/o
Respiratory
trachea
ex. Tracheotomy: an opening surgically created through the neck into the trachea (windpipe) to allow air to fill the lungs
Root: acr/o
Skeletal
extremity
ex. Acromegaly: disorder that occurs when your body makes too much growth hormone
Root: acromi/o
Skeletal
acromion
ex. Acromioclavicular: the shoulder joint between the acromion of the scapula and the clavicle.
Root: ankyl/o
Skeletal
crooked
ex. Ankylosis: abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint due to fusion of the bones
Root: arthr/o
Skeletal
joint
ex. Arthritis: the swelling and tenderness of one or more joints
Root: brachi/o
Skeletal
arm
ex. Biceps brachii: a large, thick muscle on the ventral portion of the upper arm
Root: calcane/o
Skeletal
calcaneus
ex. Calcaneal tendon: a fibrous band of tissue that links the muscles in your calf to the heel (calcaneus).
Root: carp/o
Skeletal
carpals
ex. Carpometacarpal joint: articulations between the carpal bones (carpo-) and metacarpal bones (-metacarpal) of the hand.
Root: chondr/o
Skeletal
cartilage
ex. Costochondritis: inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the breastbone (sternum).
Root: clavicul/o
Skeletal
clavicle
ex. Sternoclavicular: The shoulder articulation between the sternum and clavicle.
Root: cleid/o
Skeletal
clavicle
ex. Sternocleidomastoid: each of a pair of long muscles that connect the sternum, clavicle, and mastoid process of the temporal bone and serve to turn and nod the head.
Root: condyl/o
Skeletal
condyle
ex. Epicondyle: a protuberance above or on the condyle of a long bone
Root: cost/o
Skeletal
ribs
ex. Intercostal: situated between the ribs.
Root: dactyl/o
Skeletal
fingers/toes
ex. Polydactyly: a condition in which a person or animal has more than five fingers or toes on one, or on each, hand or foot.
Root: femor/o
Skeletal
femur
ex. Rectus femoris: a two way acting muscle as it crosses over the hip and knee joint on the femur; therefore, it functions to extend the knee and also assists iliopsoas in hip flexion
Root: fibul/o
Skeletal
fibula
ex. Tibiofibular: The proximal and distal tibiofibular joints refer to two articulations between the tibia and fibula of the leg.
Root: humer/o
Skeletal
humerus
ex. Glenohumeral joint: The proximal and distal tibiofibular joints refer to two articulations between the tibia and fibula of the leg.
Root: ili/o
Skeletal
ilium
ex. Iliacus: triangular muscle which passes from the ilium (pelvis) through the groin on either side and, together with the psoas, flexes the hip.
Root: ischi/o
Skeletal
ischium
ex. Ischial tuberosity: rounded bone that extends from the ischium — the curved bone that makes up the bottom of your pelvis. also known colloquially as the sit bones or sitz bones, or as a pair the sitting bones
Root: kyph/o
Skeletal
hill
ex. Kyphosis: a spinal disorder in which an excessive curve of the spine results in an abnormal rounding of the upper back. Forming a “hill” with the upper spine.
Root: lamin/o
Skeletal
lamina
ex. Laminotomy: an orthopaedic neurosurgical procedure that removes part of the lamina of a vertebral arch in order to relieve pressure in the vertebral canal.
Root: lord/o
Skeletal
curve
ex. Lordosis: an exaggerated inward curve of the spine that typically affects the lower back
Root: metacarp/o
Skeletal
metacarpals
ex. Metacarpophalangeal: diarthrodial joints where the large convex heads of the distal aspect of the metacarpals articulate with the concave-shaped proximal aspect of each phalange
Root: metatars/o
Skeletal
metatarsals
ex. Metatarsphalangeal: the joints between the metatarsal bones of the foot and the proximal bones (proximal phalanges) of the toes. (Toe knuckles)
Root: orth/o
Skeletal
straight
ex. Orthopedic: the medical specialty that focuses on injuries and diseases of your body’s musculoskeletal system that allows the body to work and function in alignment.
Root: patell/o
Skeletal
patella
ex. Patellar tendon: attaches the bottom of the kneecap (patella) to the top of the shinbone (tibia). When a structure connects one bone to another, it is actually a ligament, so the patellar tendon is sometimes called the patellar ligament
Root: osteo/o
Skeletal
bone
ex. Osteoarthritis: the cartilage within a joint begins to break down and the underlying bone begins to change.
Root: ped/i
Skeletal
foot
ex. Pedicure: A simple treatment that includes pampering of the feet.
Root: pelv/i
Skeletal
pelvis
ex. Pelvic girdle: bone of the hip,” consists of the fused bones identified individually as the ilium, ischium, and pubis
Root: phalang/o
Skeletal
phalanges
ex. Interphalangeal: the hinge joints between the phalanges of the fingers that provide flexion towards the palm of the hand.
Root: pod/o
Skeletal
foot
ex. Podiatrist: specialize in conditions of the foot, ankle, and lower leg.
Root: pub/o
Skeletal
pubis
ex. Pubic Symphysis: a joint sandwiched between your left pelvic bone and your right pelvic bone
Root: rachi/o
Skeletal
spine
ex. Rachitis: A condition in children in which bones become soft and deformed because they don’t have enough calcium and phosphorus
Root: radi/o
Skeletal
radius
ex. Radioulnar joint: The radioulnar joints are two joints between the two bones of the forearm: the ulna, on the medial side, and the radius, on the lateral side
Root: sacr/o
Skeletal
sacrum
ex. Sacrotuberous ligament: a stabiliser of the sacroiliac joint and connects the bony pelvis to the vertebral column
Root: scapul/o
Skeletal
scapula
ex. Subscapularis: under (sub) the scapula (wingbone). The largest and strongest of the rotator cuff muscles.
Root: scoli/o
Skeletal
crooked
ex. Scoliosis: a sideways curvature of the spine
Root: spondyl/o
Skeletal
vertecrae
ex. Spondylosis: is an umbrella term for different forms of age-related degeneration of the vertebrae.
Root: synov/o
Skeletal
synovium
ex. Synovial fluid: a thick liquid located between your joints.
Root: tal/o
Skeletal
talus
ex. Talotibial joint: the ankle joint formed by the junction between the distal tibia and fibula and the talus
Root: tars/o
Skeletal
tarsals
ex. Tarsometatarsal: (Lisfranc joints) are arthrodial joints in the foot involveing the first, second and third cuneiform bones, the cuboid bone (all tarsals) and the metatarsal bones.
Root: uln/o
Skeletal
ulna
ex. Humeroulnar: joint between the trochlea on the medial aspect of the distal end of the humerus and the trochlear notch on the proximal ulna.
Root: vertebr/o
Skeletal
vertebrae
ex. Intervertebral disc: discs between each vertebra that are filled with a gelatinous substance, called the nucleus pulposus, which provides cushioning to the spinal column.
Root: albumin/o
Urinary
albumin
ex. Albuminuria: too much albumin in your urine. Albumin is a protein found in the blood.
Root: azot/o
Urinary
nitrogenous
ex. Azotemia: a biochemical abnormality, defined as elevation, or buildup of, nitrogenous products, creatinine in the blood, and other secondary waste products within the body.
Root: cyst/o
Urinary
bladder
ex. Cystitis: inflammation of the bladder,
Root: glomerul/o
Urinary
glomerulus
ex. Glomerulonephritis: inflammation and damage to the filtering part of the kidneys (glomerulus).
Root: ket/o
Urinary
ketone bodies
ex. Ketosis: metabolic state characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood or urine creating a metabolic state that occurs when your body burns fat for energy instead of glucose.
Root: nephr/o
Urinary
kidney
ex. Nephrologist: a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating kidney conditions.
Root: pyel/o
Urinary
renal pelvis
ex. Pyelonephritis: inflammation that results from a urinary tract infection that reaches the renal pelvis of the kidney.
Root: ren/o
Urinary
kidney
ex. Adrenal glands: small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of both kidneys
Root: ur/o
Urinary
urine
ex. Uric acid: Uric acid is a chemical created when the body breaks down substances called purines that typically dissolves in blood and travels to the kidneys. From there, it passes out in urine.
Root: ureter/o
Urinary
ureter
ex. Ureteroscopy: a procedure to address kidney stones, and involves the passage of a small telescope, called a ureteroscope, through the urethra and bladder and up the ureter to the point where the stone is located.
Root: urethr/o
Urinary
urethra
ex. Urethritis: inflammation (swelling and irritation) of the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the body).
Root: urin/o
Urinary
urine
ex. Urination: the release of urine from the urinary bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body
Root: vesic/o
Urinary
bladder
ex. Vesicoureteral reflux: the abnormal flow of urine from your bladder back up the tubes (ureters) that connect your kidneys to your bladder.
Root: blast/o
Oncology
germ cell
ex. Blastoma: blastoma is a type of cancer, that is caused by malignancies in precursor cells, often called blasts
Root: carcin/o
Oncology
cancer
ex. Carcinogen: a substance capable of causing cancer in living tissue.
Root: cauter/o
Oncology
burn
ex. Cauterize: burn the skin or flesh of (a wound) with a heated instrument or caustic substance, typically to stop bleeding or prevent the wound from becoming infected.
Root: chem/o
Oncology
chemical
ex. Chemotherapy: the use of drugs to destroy cancer cells.
Root: cry/o
Oncology
cold
ex. Cryotherapy: the use of extreme cold to freeze and remove abnormal tissue.
Root: mut/a
Oncology
genetic change
ex. Mutation: Any change in the DNA sequence of a cell.
Root: onc/o
Oncology
tumor
ex. Oncology: the study and treatment of tumors.
Root: rhabdomy/o
Oncology
skeletal muscle
ex. Rhabdomyolysis: when damaged muscle tissue releases its proteins and electrolytes into the blood.
Root: sarc/o
Oncology
connective tissues
ex. Kaposi’s sarcoma: a disease in which cancer cells are found in the skin or mucous membranes that line the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, from mouth to anus, including the stomach and intestines.
Root: aur/i
Miscellaneous
ear
ex. Auricle: a structure resembling an ear or earlobe.
Root: bi/o
Miscellaneous
life
ex. Microbiology: he branch of science that deals with microorganisms.
Root: burs/o
Miscellaneous
bursa
ex. Bursitis: a painful condition that affects the small, fluid-filled sacs that cushion the bones, tendons and muscles near your joints. Bursitis occurs when bursae become inflamed.
Root: cerat/o
Miscellaneous
horn
ex. Triceratops: three-horned face
Root: chir/o
Miscellaneous
hand
ex. Chiropractor: a licensed health-care professional who treats disorders (such as back and neck pain) chiefly of the musculoskeletal system especially through the manual adjustment or manipulation of the spinal vertebrae to correct nervous system dysfunction
Root: corac/o
Miscellaneous
crow-like
ex. Coracoid: a small hook-like structure on the lateral edge of the superior anterior portion of the scapula (“like a raven’s beak”).
Root: coron/o
Miscellaneous
crown
ex. Coronoid: “like a crown”) can refer to: 1) The coronoid process of the mandible, part of the ramus mandibulae of the mandible. 2) The coronoid process of the ulna, a triangular eminence projecting forward from the upper and front part of the ulna
Root: dextr/o
Miscellaneous
right
ex. Ambidextrous: “both favorable/right” ability to use both the right and left hand equally well
Root: dors/o
Miscellaneous
back
ex. Dorsal body cavity: located along the back (posterior) surface of the human body, where it is subdivided into the cranial cavity housing the brain and the spinal cavity housing the spinal cord protected by the meninges.
Root: ** dynam/o**
Miscellaneous
power
ex. Dynamometer: device used for measuring the back, grip, arm, and/or leg strength of athletes, patients, and workers to evaluate physical status, performance, and task demands.
Root: ect/o
Miscellaneous
outside
ex. Ectopic pregnancy: a complication of pregnancy in which the embryo attaches outside the uterus
Root: faci/o
Miscellaneous
face
ex. Facial nerve: (CN VII) a cranial nerve that emerges from the pons of the brainstem, controls the muscles of facial expression, and functions in the conveyance of taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.[1][2] The nerve typically travels from the pons through the facial canal in the temporal bone and exits the skull at the stylomastoid foramen.
Root: glauc/o
Miscellaneous
gray
ex. Glaucoma: a group of eye diseases that result in damage to the optic nerve (or retina) and cause vision loss.
Root: hydr/o
Miscellaneous
water
ex. Hydrotherapy: a branch of alternative medicine (particularly naturopathy), occupational therapy, and physiotherapy, that involves the use of water for pain relief and treatment.
Root: irid/o
Miscellaneous
iris
ex. Iridocyclitis: a type of anterior uveitis that involves the iris and ciliary body.
Root: kerat/o
Miscellaneous
cornea
ex. Keratoscope: an ophthalmic instrument used to assess the shape of the anterior surface of the cornea.
Root: lacrim/o
Miscellaneous
tear
ex. Lacrimal duct: transmits tears from the surface of the eye to the nasal cavity
Root: lapar/o
Miscellaneous
abdominal wall
ex. Laparotomy: a surgical incision (cut) into the abdominal cavity.
Root: myring/o
Miscellaneous
eardrum
ex. Myringitis: inflammation of the tympanic membrane (TM), may be accompanied by hearing impairment and a sensation of congestion and earache.
Root: omphal/o
Miscellaneous
navel
ex. Omphalocele: a birth defect of the abdominal (belly) wall. The infant’s intestines, liver, or other organs stick outside of the belly through the belly button
Root: ophthalam/o
Miscellaneous
eye
ex. Ophthalamoscope: an instrument for inspecting the retina and other parts of the eye.
Root: phot/o
Miscellaneous
light
ex. Photosensitivity: A condition in which the skin becomes very sensitive to sunlight or other forms of ultraviolet light and may burn easily.
Root: py/o
Miscellaneous
pus
ex. Pyoderma: “pus in the skin” and can be caused by infectious, inflammatory, and/or neoplastic etiologies; any condition that results in the accumulation of neutrophilic exudate can be termed a pyoderma.
Root: pyr/o
Miscellaneous
heat
ex. Antipyretic: a drug used to prevent or reduce fever.
Root: therm/o
Miscellaneous
heat
ex. Thermometer: a device that measures temperature or a temperature gradient (the degree of hotness or coldness of an object)
Root: tympan/o
Miscellaneous
eardrum
ex. Tympanitis: an inflamed tympanic membrane, also known as the eardrum.
Root: ventr/o
Miscellaneous
belly
ex. Ventral body cavity: cavity that is in the anterior (front) aspect of the human body. It is made up of the thoracic cavity, and the abdominopelvic cavity.
Root: viscer/o
Miscellaneous
internal organs
ex. Visceroptosis: a prolapse or a sinking of the internal organs below their natural position
Root: zo/o
Miscellaneous
animal
ex. Zoonotic: an infectious disease that is transmitted between species from animals to humans (or from humans to animals).
Prefix: a-
without
ex. Avascular: associated with a lack of blood vessels.
Prefix: ab-
away
ex. Abduction: the movement of a limb or other part away from the midline of the body, or from another part.
Prefix: ad-
towards
ex. Adduction: the movement of a limb or other part toward the midline of the body or toward another part.
Prefix: af-
towards
ex. Afferent: conducting or conducted inward or toward something (for nerves, the central nervous system; for blood vessels, the organ supplied).
Prefix: allo-
other
ex. Allopatric speciation: when populations of a species, due to certain factors, evolve to become new, distinct species.
Prefix: an-
wthouti
ex. Anemia: a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells
Prefix: ana-
against
ex. Anaphylaxis: a serious, life-threatening allergic reaction.
Prefix: ante-
before
ex. Antecubital: relating to the inner or front surface of the forearm.
Prefix: anti-
against
ex. Antibiotic: a medicine (such as penicillin or its derivatives) that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms.
Prefix: auto-
self
ex. Autonomy: the right or condition of self-government.
Prefix: bi-
two
ex. Biceps: any of several muscles having two points of attachment at one end.
Prefix: brady-
slow
ex. Bradycardia: a slower than normal heart rate.
Prefix: circum-
around
ex. Circumduction: movement of a limb or extremity so that the distal end describes a circle while the proximal end remains fixed.
Prefix: contra-
against
ex. Contraindication: Anything (including a symptom or medical condition) that is a reason for a person to not receive a particular treatment or procedure because it may be harmful.
Prefix: de-
cessation
ex. Degeneration: deterioration and loss of function in the cells of a tissue or organ.
Prefix: di-
double
ex. Diamelia: absence of two limbs
Prefix: dia-
through
ex. Dialysis: cleansing the blood by passing it through a special machine
Prefix: -
ex. **:
Prefix: dys-
difficult
ex. Dysplasia: bad formation; abnormal growth or development
Prefix: ec-
out
ex. Ectopic pregnancy: occurs when a fertilized egg grows outside of the uterus
Prefix: echo-
repeated sound
ex. Echolalia: meaningless repetition of words just spoken by another person, occurring as a symptom of mental conditions; repetition of speech by a child learning to talk.
Prefix: ef-
away
ex. Efferent: conducted or conducting outward or away from something (for nerves, the central nervous system; for blood vessels, the organ supplied).
Prefix: ecto-
Outside
ex. Ectoderm: the outermost layer of cells or tissue of an embryo in early development, or the parts derived from this, which include the epidermis and nerve tissue.
Prefix: en-/endo-
within
ex. Endometreosis: endo ‘‘inside’’, metra ‘‘uterus’’ and osis ‘’ disease,’’ remains to some extent vague, with the most common clinical symptoms being pelvic pain and infertility.
Prefix: epi-
above
ex. Epidermis: the surface epithelium of the skin, overlying the dermis.
Prefix: eso-
inward
ex. Esoteric: intended for or likely to be understood by only a small number of people with a specialized knowledge or interest.
Prefix: eu-
good
ex. Euphoria: a state of great happiness, well-being and excitement, which may be normal, or abnormal and inappropriate when associated with psychoactive drugs, manic states, or brain disease or injury.
Prefix: ex-/exo-
outside
ex. Excretion: (in living organisms and cells) the process of eliminating or expelling waste matter.
Prefix: extra-
outside
ex. Extracorporial: situated or occurring outside the body.
Prefix: hemi-
half
ex. Hemiplegia: paralysis of one side of the body.
Prefix: hetero-
different
ex. Heterochromia: different colored eyes in the same person.
Prefix: homo-
same
ex. Homogenous: having uniform properties.
Prefix: hyper-
excessive
ex. Hyperthyroidism: overactive thyroid, is when the thyroid gland makes more thyroid hormones than your body needs.
Prefix: hypo-
below
ex. Hypoxia: A condition in which there is a decrease in the oxygen supply to a tissue.
Prefix: im-
not
ex. Impotence: An inability to have an erection of the penis adequate for sexual intercourse
Prefix: infra-
below
ex. Infraspinatus: below (infra) the spine. The infraspinatus muscle originates below the “spine” of the scapula (the wingbone)
Prefix: inter-
between
ex. Interosseous: situated between bones.
Prefix: intra-
inside
ex. Intraosseous: situated within, occurring within, or administered by entering a bone.
Prefix: iso-
same
ex. Isotonic: muscles exhibiting the same tension
Prefix: macro-
large
ex. Macrophage: A type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, and stimulates the action of other immune system cells. Enlarge. Blood cells.
Prefix: mal-
bad
ex. Malignant: A term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues.
Prefix: meso-
middle
ex. Mesothelioma: A benign (not cancer) or malignant (cancer) tumor affecting the lining of the chest or abdomen
Prefix: meta-
change
ex. Metaphysis: The growing part of a long bone. The metaphysis lies between the growth plate (the EPIPHYSIS) and the shaft (the diaphysis).
Prefix: micro-
small
ex. Microorganism: a microscopic organism, especially a bacterium, virus, or fungus.
Prefix: mono-
one
ex. Monocyte: a white cell with a singular nucleus
Prefix: multi-
many
ex. Multipara: a woman (or female animal) who has had more than one pregnancy resulting in viable offspring.
Prefix: neo-
new
ex. Neonatal: relating to newborn children (or other mammals).
Prefix: nulli-
none
ex. Nullify: make of no use or value; cancel out.
“insulin can block the release of the hormone and thereby nullify the effects of training”
Prefix: oxy-
sharp
ex. Oxytocin: sharp” or “swift”,”childbirth”. The adjective form is “oxytocic”, which refers to medicines which stimulate uterine contractions, to speed up the process of childbirth.
Prefix: pan-
all
ex. Pandemic: sudden outbreak that becomes very widespread and affects a whole region, a continent, or the world due to a susceptible population.
Prefix: para-
beside
ex. Parathyroid: glands are two pairs of small, oval-shaped glands. They are located next to the two thyroid gland lobes in the neck.
Prefix: per-
through
ex. Peritoneum: “a membrane that is stretched around”. The peritoneum is a thin serosal membranous sac found in the abdominopelvic cavity.
Prefix: peri-
around
ex. Periosteum: the membrane of blood vessels and nerves that wraps around most of your bones.
Prefix: poly-
many
ex. Polycythemia: A disease in which there are too many red blood cells in the bone marrow and blood, causing the blood to thicken.
Prefix: post-
after
ex. Postpartum: after childbirth
Prefix: pro-
before
ex. Progesterone: a female steroid sex hormone that is secreted by the corpus luteum to prepare the endometrium for implantation and later by the placenta during pregnancy to prevent rejection of the developing embryo or fetus.
Prefix: pre-
before
ex. Prepatellar bursitis: an inflammation of the bursa in the front of the kneecap (patella). It occurs when the bursa becomes irritated and produces too much fluid, which causes it to swell and put pressure on the adjacent parts of the knee.
Prefix: pseudo-
false
ex. Pseudohernia: an inflamed sac or gland simulating strangulated hernia.
Prefix: quadri-
four
ex. Quadriceps: four headed. This is because people separate this muscle group into four distinct portions that all work together to help extend the leg.
Prefix: retro-
behind
ex. Retroperitoneal: situated behind the peritoneum
Prefix: semi-
half
ex. Semisupine: pertaining to a posture that is between a midposition and the supine position.
Prefix: sub-
under
ex. Subscapularis: under (sub) the scapula (wingbone). It is part of the four rotator cuff muscles, the other three are the supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor muscles.
Prefix: super-
above
ex. Superior: toward the head end of the body; upper
Prefix: supra-
above
ex. Supraspinatus: a muscle of the back of the shoulder that arises from the supraspinous fossa of the scapula above its spine
Prefix: sym-
together
ex. Pubic symphasis: The area in the front of the pelvis where the pubic bones meet.
Prefix: syn-
together
ex. Synergist: something (such as a chemical or a muscle) that enhances the effectiveness of an active agent; broadly
Prefix: tachy-
rapid
ex. Tachycardia: Rapid beating of the heart, usually defined as greater than 100 beats per minute
Prefix: torti-
twisted
ex. Torticollis: when the muscles of your neck spasm (cramp) and cause your neck to twist to one side.
Prefix: trans-
through
ex. Transdermal: Absorbed through the unbroken skin.
Prefix: tri-
three
ex. Triceps brachii: a three-headed muscle found in the posterior compartment of the arm.
Prefix: ultra-
excessive
ex. Ultrasound: A procedure that uses high-energy sound waves to look at tissues and organs inside the body.
Prefix: uni-
one
ex. Unilateral: Having to do with one side of the body.
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