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Medical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominocentesis

A

A surgical puncture of an abdominal cavity for the aspiration of fluid

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2
Q

Abduction

A

To move away from the median plane

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3
Q

ACE Inhibitor

A

Class of medications used primarily for the treatment of HTN/HF; work by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

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4
Q

Acromegaly

A

Excessive enlargement of the limbs due to thickening of the bones and soft tissues. Caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone usually b/c of a tumor in the pituitary gland. Affects face, jaws, hands, feet mostly.

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5
Q

Ad lib

A

As desired - used as a direction in writing an Rx

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6
Q

Adenocarcinoma

A

A malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells originating in glandular tissues

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7
Q

Adhesion

A

The union of 2 surfaces that are normally separate such as in wound healing or in some pathological processes

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8
Q

Amenorrhea

A

Absence of a menstrual period

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9
Q

Amylase

A

Enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch, glycogen, and related 1,4-a-glycans to sugars

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10
Q

Anascara

A

General accumulation of serous fluid in various tissues and cavities; generalized edema

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11
Q

Anastomosis

A

Surgical, traumatic, or pathological formation of a connection between 2 normally distinct structures. (Union or intercommunication of the vessels of one system with those of another - specifically tubular organs )

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12
Q

Anesthesiology

A

Branch of medicine concerned with the administration of anesthetics and condition of the patient while under anesthesia

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13
Q

Angiogram

A

X-ray image of the arteries, veins, and/or heart chambers; uses radiopaque substance to make vessels visible

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14
Q

Anteroposterior

A

Directed from front to back

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15
Q

Apnea

A

Temporary absence or voluntary cessation of breathing

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16
Q

Arthroscopy

A

Endoscopic examination of the interior of a joint

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17
Q

Ascites

A

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

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18
Q

Asystole

A

Absence of contractions of the heart

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19
Q

Atelectasis

A

A collapsed or airless state of the lungs - acute or chronic and may involve all or part of the lungs

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20
Q

Atheroma

A

An abnormal mass of fatty lipid material with fibrous covering; exists as a discrete, raised plaque within the intima of an artery

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21
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

A buildup of plaque on the inside of blood vessels; progressive hardening of arteries due to the development of atheromas

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22
Q

Atrophy

A

A wasting away through lack of nourishment; decrease in the size of a normally developed organ or tissue

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23
Q

Audiograph

A

Machine used to test a patient’s hearing by transmitting soundwaves directly into the inner ear

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24
Q

bid

A

Twice a day

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25
tid
Three times a day
26
qid
Four times a day
27
Biopsy
The removal and examination of a tissue sample from a living body for diagnostic purposes
28
Bitot's Spots
Buildup of keratin located superficially in the conjunctiva of the human eye; primarily caused by vitamin A deficiency but can be due to vitamin B3 deficiency
29
Bradypepsia
Slowness of digestion
30
Bradyphagia
Abnormal slowness of eating
31
Bronchiectasis
Dilation of the bronchial tubes; condition is permanent, infection usually accompanies
32
Cardiogram
Recording of cardiac activity - traced by a cardiogram/electrocardiogram
33
Carotid Endarterectomy
Excision of thickened atheromatous areas from the carotid artery
34
Cephalagia
Headache; pain in the head
35
Chelitis
Inflammation of the lips
36
Cholecsystectomy
Surgical removal of the gallbladder
37
Cholecystogram
Radiographic record of the gallbadder structure and function obtained by cholecystography
38
Choledocholithotomy
Incision into the common bile duct for the removal of gallstones
39
Cholelithiasis
The presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbadder or common bile duct
40
c/o
Complaint of
41
Colectomy
Excision of part or all of the colon
42
Colposcope
Instrument for examining the vulva, vagina, and/or cervix endoscopically to allow for direct observation/study
43
Congenital
Existing at, and usually before birth; referring to conditions present at birth regardless of causation
44
Cystocele
Hernia or rupture formed by protrusion of the bladder usually through the wall of the vagina
45
Cystorrhapy
Suture of a wound or defect in the urinary bladder
46
Decalcification
Removal of calcium salts from bones and teeth either in vitro or as a result of a pathologic process
47
Diaphoresis
Excessive sweating, especially when profuse as a symptom of disease or side effect of a drug
48
Dilation
Physiologic or artificial enlargement of a hollow structure or opening
49
Distal
Situated away from the center of the body or from the point of origin; specifically applied to the extremity
50
Dyskinesia
Impairment in the ability to control movements, characterized by spasmodic or repetitive motions/lack of coordination
51
Dysphagia
Difficulty swallowing
52
Dysphasia
Impairment in speech and verbal comprehension
53
Dysplasia
Abnormal growth or development of tissues, cells
54
Dystonia
A state of disordered tonicity or tissues (usually muscle) characterized by abnormalities of movement/muscle tone
55
Echocardiogram
Ultrasound to examine the structure, function of the heart to diagnose abnormalities, disease
56
Ectopic
Occurring in an abnormal position
57
Edema
An abnormal excess accumulation of serous fluid in connective tissue or in a serous cavity
58
Encapsulated
Enclosed by a protective coating or membrane
59
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain - usually caused by a virus
60
Enterectasia
Dilation of the bowel
61
Epigastric
Lying upon or over the stomach - region of the abdominal between the hypochondriac and umbilical
62
Erythema
Abnormal redness of the skin or mucous membranes due to capillary congestion (as in inflammation)
63
Erythrocytosis
An increase in the number of circulating RBCs
64
Febrile
Marked or caused by fever
65
Gastric
Or or relating to the stomach
66
Gastroduodenostomy
Bilroth I procedure; surgical junction made between the stomach and duodenum so that contents can flow readily from one to the other
67
Gastromegaly
Enlargement of the stomach/abdomen
68
Gastroparesis
Paralysis of the stomach; characterized by delayed movement of food from the stomach into the small intestines because of impaired stomach mobility
69
Gastrorrhagia
Gastric hemorrhage
70
Gingivectomy
Surgical removal of gum tissue
71
Glossoplegia
Paralysis of the tongue
72
Hematemesis
The vomiting of blood
73
Hematochezia
Passage of bloody stools (fresh blood)
74
Hemoptysis
The spitting of blood derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes
75
Hemostasis
The stoppage of bleeding or hemorrhage; the stoppage of blood flow through a blood vessel or body part
76
Hemothorax
Blood in the pleural cavity
77
Hepatopathy
Disease of the liver
78
Histology
Study of tissue structure, function, and composition
79
Hydrocephalus
Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid resulting in dilation of the cerebral ventricles and raised intracranial pressure; may also result in cranial enlargement, brain atrophy
80
Hyperemesis
Excessive vomiting
81
Hyperhidrosis
Excessive or profuse sweating
82
Hyperesthesia
Abnormally increased sensitivity to sensory stimuli
83
Hyperkalemia
Abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood
84
Hyperopia
Longsightedness; vision is better for distant objects than for near objects
85
Hypertrophy
Increase in volume of a tissue or organ produced entirely by enlargement of existing cells
86
Hypoglycemia
Abnormally low levels of glucose in the blood
87
Hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy
Excision of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
88
Hysterosalpingogram
X-ray image of a woman's reproductive tract - uses dyes; picture of the uterus and fallopian tubes
89
Icterus
Jaundice (yellowing of the skin)
90
Ileostomy
Surgical construction of an artificial excretory opening through the abdominal wall to the ileum
91
In situ
In its normal place; not extending beyond the focus or level of origin
92
Incontinent
Lacking normal voluntary control of excretory functions
93
Interdental
Between the teeth
94
Keratosis
Excessive growth of horny tissue of the skin due to increased keratin production
95
Laparoscopy
Examination of the contents of the abdominal cavity and/or pelvic cavity with a laproscote
96
Lateral
Denoting a position farther from the median plane or midline of a body or structure; pertaining to a side
97
Lesion
A wound or injury or a pathological change in the tissues

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