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Human Anatomy And Physiology > Medical Terminology 1 (word roots, prefixes, suffixes and combining forms) > Flashcards

Medical Terminology 1 (word roots, prefixes, suffixes and combining forms) Flashcards

1
Q

a-, an-

A

Absence or lack (acardia- lack of a heart); (anaerobic- in the absence of oxygen)

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2
Q

ab-

A

Departing from; away from (abnormal- departing from normal)

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3
Q

acou-

A

Hearing (acoustics- the science of sound)

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4
Q

ac-, acro-

A

Extreme or extremity; peak (acrodermatitis- inflammation of the skin of the extremities)

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5
Q

ad-

A

To or toward (adorbital- toward the orbit)

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6
Q

aden-, adeno-

A

Gland (adeniform- resembling a gland in shape)

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7
Q

adren-

A

Toward the kidney (adrenal gland- adjacent to the kidney)

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8
Q

aero-

A

Air (aerobic respiration, oxygen-requiring metabolism)

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9
Q

af-

A

Toward (afferent neurons, which carry impulses to the central nervous system)

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10
Q

agon-

A

Contest (agonistic and antagonistic muscles- which oppose each other)

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11
Q

alb-

A

White (corpus albicans of the ovary- a white scar tissue)

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12
Q

ailment-

A

Nourish (alimentary canal or digestive tract)

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13
Q

allel-

A

Of one another (alleles- alternative expression of a gene)

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14
Q

amphi-

A

On both sides; of both kinds (amphibian, an organism capable of living in water and on land)

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15
Q

ana-

A

Apart, up, again (anaphase of mitosis, when the chromosomes seperate)

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16
Q

anastomos-

A

Come together (arteriovenous anastomosis, a connection between an artery and a vein)

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17
Q

aneurysm

A

A widening (aortic aneurism, a weak spot that causes enlargement of the blood vessel)

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18
Q

angi-

A

Vessel (angiitis- inflammation of a lymph vessel or blood vessel)

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19
Q

angin-

A

Chocked (angina pectoris- a chocked feeling in the chest due to dysfunction of the heart)

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20
Q

ant-, anti-

A

Opposed to; preventing or inhibiting (anticoagulant, a substance that prevents blood coagulation)

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21
Q

ante-

A

Preceding; before (antecubital, in front of the elbow)

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22
Q

aort-

A

Great artery (aorta)

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23
Q

ap-, api-

A

Tip, extremity (apex of the heart)

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24
Q

append-

A

Hang to (appendiculars skeleton)

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25
Q

aqua-, aque-

A

Water (aqueous solutions)

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26
Q

arbor-

A

Tree (arbor vitae of the cerebellum, the treelike pattern of white matter)

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27
Q

areola-

A

Open space (areolar connective tissue, a loose connective tissue)

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28
Q

arrect-

A

Upright (arrector pili muscles of the skin, which make the hairs stand erect)

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29
Q

arthr-, arthro-

A

Joint (arthropathy, any joint disease)

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30
Q

artic-

A

Joint (articular surfaces of bones, the points of connection)

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31
Q

atri-

A

Vestibule atria, upper chambers of the heart

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32
Q

auscult-

A

Listen (auscultatory method for measuring blood pressure)

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33
Q

aut-, auto-

A

Self (autogenous, self- generated)

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34
Q

ax-, axi-, axo-

A

Axis, axle (axial skeleton, axis of vertebral column)

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35
Q

azyg-

A

Unpaired (azygous vein, an unpaired vessel)

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36
Q

baro-

A

Pressure (baroreceptors for monitoring blood pressure)

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37
Q

basal-

A

Base (basal lamina of epithelial basement membrane)

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38
Q

bi-

A

Two (bicuspid- having two cusps)

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39
Q

bili-

A

Bile (bilirubin- a bile pigment)

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40
Q

bio-

A

Life (biology- the study of life and living organisms)

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41
Q

blast-

A

Bud or germ (blastocyte- undifferentiated embryonic cell)

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42
Q

brachi-

A

Arm (brachial plexus of peripheral nervous system supplies the arm)

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43
Q

brady-

A

Slow (bradycardia- abnormally slow heart rate)

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44
Q

brev-

A

Short (peroneus brevis- a short leg muscle)

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45
Q

broncho-

A

Bronchus (bronchouspasm- spasmodic contraction of bronchial muscle)

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46
Q

bucco-

A

Cheek (buccolabial, pertaining to the cheek and lip)

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47
Q

calor-

A

Heat (calories- a measure of energy)

48
Q

capill-

A

Hair (blood and lymph capillaries)

49
Q

caput-

A

Head (decapitate, remove the head)

50
Q

carcin-

A

Cancer (carcinogen- a cancer-causing agent)

51
Q

cardi-, cardio-

A

Heart (cardiotoxic, harmful to the heart)

52
Q

carneo-

A

Flesh (trabeculae carneae- ridges of muscle in the ventricles of the heart)

53
Q

carot-

A

1) carrot 2) stupor 1) carotene, an orange pigment 2)carotid arteries in the neck, blockage causes fainting

54
Q

cata-

A

Down (catabolism- chemical breakdown)

55
Q

caud-

A

Tail (caudal- directional term)

56
Q

cec-

A

Blind (cecum of large intestine, a blind-ended pouch)

57
Q

cele-

A

Abdominal (celiac artery, in the abdomen)

58
Q

cephal-

A

Head (cephalometer- an instrument for measuring the head)

59
Q

cerebro-

A

Brain (especially the cerebrum cerebrospinal, pertaining to the brain and spinal cord)

60
Q

cervic-, cervix-

A

Neck (cervix of the uterus)

61
Q

chiasm-

A

Crossing (optic chiasma, where optic nerves cross)

62
Q

chole-

A

Bile (cholesterol; cholecystokinin, a bile -secreting hormone)

63
Q

chondr-

A

Cartilage (chondrogenic - giving rise to cartilage)

64
Q

chrom-

A

Colored (chromosome- so named because they stain darkly)

65
Q

cili-

A

Small hair (ciliated epithelium)

66
Q

circum-

A

Around (circumnuclear, surrounding the nucleus)

67
Q

clavic-

A

Key (clavicle, a “skeleton key”)

68
Q

co-, con-

A

Together (concentric- common center, together in the center)

69
Q

cata-

A

Down (catabolism- chemical breakdown)

70
Q

caud-

A

Tail (caudal- directional term)

71
Q

cec-

A

Blind (cecum of large intestine, a blind-ended pouch)

72
Q

cele-

A

Abdominal (celiac artery, in the abdomen)

73
Q

cephal-

A

Head (cephalometer- an instrument for measuring the head)

74
Q

cerebro-

A

Brain (especially the cerebrum cerebrospinal, pertaining to the brain and spinal cord)

75
Q

cervic-, cervix-

A

Neck (cervix of the uterus)

76
Q

chiasm-

A

Crossing (optic chiasma, where optic nerves cross)

77
Q

chole-

A

Bile (cholesterol; cholecystokinin, a bile -secreting hormone)

78
Q

chondr-

A

Cartilage (chondrogenic - giving rise to cartilage)

79
Q

chrom-

A

Colored (chromosome- so named because they stain darkly)

80
Q

cili-

A

Small hair (ciliated epithelium)

81
Q

circum-

A

Around (circumnuclear, surrounding the nucleus)

82
Q

clavic-

A

Key (clavicle, a “skeleton key”)

83
Q

co-, con-

A

Together (concentric- common center, together in the center)

84
Q

coccy-

A

Cuckoo coccyx, which is beak-shaped

85
Q

cochlea-

A

Snail shell- the cochlea of the inner ear, which is coiled like a snail shell

86
Q

coel-

A

Hollow coelom- the ventral body cavity

87
Q

commis-

A

United, gray commissure of the spinal cord connects the two columns of gray matter

88
Q

contra-

A

Against- contraceptive, agent preventing conception

89
Q

corn-, cornu-

A

Horn- stratum corneum, outer layer of the skin composed of (horny) cells

90
Q

corona-

A

Crown- coronal suture of the skull

91
Q

corp-

A

Body- corpse, corpus luteum, hormone-secreting body in the ovary

92
Q

cort-

A

Bark- cortex, the outer layer of the brain, kidney, adrenal glands, and lymph nodes

93
Q

cost-

A

Rib- intercostal, between the ribs

94
Q

crani-

A

Skull- craniotomy, the skull operation

95
Q

crypt-

A

Hidden- cryptomenorrhea, a condition in which menstrual symptoms are experienced but no external loss of blood occurs

96
Q

cusps-

A

Pointed- bicuspid, tricuspid valves of the heart

97
Q

cutic-

A

Skin- cuticle of the nail

98
Q

cyan-

A

Blue- cyanosis, blue color of the skin due to lack of oxygen

99
Q

cyst-

A

Sac- bladder cystitis, inflammation of the urinary bladder

100
Q

cyt-

A

Cell- cytology, the study of cells

101
Q

de-

A

Undoing, reversal, loss, removal-

Deactivation, becoming inactive

102
Q

decid-

A

Falling off- deciduous (milk) teeth

103
Q

delta-

A

Triangular- deltoid muscle, roughly triangular in shape

104
Q

den-, dent

A

Tooth- dentin of the tooth

105
Q

dendr-

A

Tree, branch- dendrites, telodendria, both branches of a neuron

106
Q

derm-

A

Skin- dermis, deep layer of the skin

107
Q

desm-,

A

Bond- desmosmone, which binds adjacent epithelial cells

108
Q

di-

A

Twice, double- dimorphism, having two forms

109
Q

dia-

A

Through, between- diaphragm, the wall through or between two areas

110
Q

dialys-

A

Separate, break apart- kidney dialysis, in which waste products are removed from the blood

111
Q

diastol-

A

Stand apart- cardiac diastole, between successive contractions of the heart

112
Q

diure-

A

Urinate- diuretic, a drug that increases urine output

113
Q

dors-

A

The back- dorsal; dorsum; dorsiflexion

114
Q

duc-, duct-

A

Lead, draw- ductus defers which carries sperm from the epididymis into the urethra during ejaculation

115
Q

dura-

A

Hard- dura mater, tough outer meninx

116
Q

dys-

A

Difficult, faulty, painful- dyspepsia, disturbed digestion

Human Anatomy And Physiology (2 decks)

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