Medical Terminologies Flashcards
What does ‘Acute’ refer to in medical terms?
Sudden onset of a condition
Define ‘Chronic’ in a medical context.
Long-lasting condition
What does ‘Idiopathic’ mean?
Unknown cause
Is ‘Benign’ a term used for cancerous or non-cancerous conditions?
Non-cancerous
What does ‘Malignant’ indicate?
Cancerous
What does it mean if a condition is ‘Asymptomatic’?
No symptoms present
What is a ‘Diagnosis’?
Identification of a disease
What is meant by ‘Prognosis’?
Expected disease outcome
What does ‘Remission’ signify?
Disease symptoms disappear
What is an ‘Exacerbation’?
Worsening of a disease
What is ‘Palliative’ care?
Relieves symptoms without curing
What does ‘Relapse’ refer to?
Return of a disease
Define ‘Anomaly’.
Irregularity or abnormality
What is ‘Edema’?
Swelling due to fluid retention
What does ‘Hemorrhage’ mean?
Excessive bleeding
What is ‘Necrosis’?
Death of tissue
What does ‘Sepsis’ indicate?
Life-threatening infection
What is ‘Inflammation’?
Body’s response to injury
What does ‘Lesion’ refer to?
Abnormal tissue change
What is a ‘Contusion’?
Bruise
Define ‘Laceration’.
Deep cut or tear
What is ‘Trauma’?
Physical injury
What does ‘Biopsy’ involve?
Tissue sample examination
What does ‘Metastasis’ mean?
Spread of cancer
What is ‘Hypoxia’?
Low oxygen in tissues
Define ‘Hyperplasia’.
Excessive tissue growth
What does ‘Atrophy’ refer to?
Tissue or organ shrinkage
What is ‘Cyanosis’?
Bluish skin due to low oxygen
What does ‘Hypotension’ mean?
Low blood pressure
What is ‘Hypertension’?
High blood pressure
Define ‘Bradycardia’.
Slow heart rate
What does ‘Tachycardia’ indicate?
Fast heart rate
What does ‘Dyspnea’ refer to?
Difficulty breathing
What does ‘Malaise’ mean?
General discomfort or weakness
Is a person ‘Febrile’ experiencing a fever?
Yes
What does ‘Afebrile’ mean?
No fever present
What is ‘Anemia’?
Low red blood cell count
What does ‘Hypoglycemia’ indicate?
Low blood sugar
What is ‘Hyperglycemia’?
High blood sugar
What does ‘Dehydration’ refer to?
Lack of body fluids
What is a ‘Hematoma’?
Collection of blood outside vessels
What does ‘Contagious’ mean?
Easily spread disease
What does ‘Immunocompromised’ signify?
Weak immune system
What does ‘Nosocomial’ refer to?
Hospital-acquired infection
What does ‘Syndrome’ mean?
Group of symptoms occurring together
What is the ‘Cranium’?
Skull
What does ‘Mandible’ refer to?
Lower jawbone
Define ‘Clavicle’.
Collarbone
What is the ‘Scapula’?
Shoulder blade
What does ‘Sternum’ refer to?
Breastbone
What is the ‘Humerus’?
Upper arm bone
What does ‘Radius’ refer to?
Forearm bone (thumb side)
What is the ‘Ulna’?
Forearm bone (pinky side)
What is the ‘Femur’?
Thigh bone
What does ‘Tibia’ refer to?
Shin bone
What is the ‘Fibula’?
Calf bone
What does ‘Patella’ mean?
Kneecap
What are ‘Vertebrae’?
Spinal bones
Define ‘Pelvis’.
Hip bone structure
What is the ‘Coccyx’?
Tailbone
What does ‘Thorax’ refer to?
Chest region
What is the ‘Abdomen’?
Belly area
What is the function of the ‘Diaphragm’?
Muscle for breathing
What does ‘Pericardium’ refer to?
Heart’s protective membrane
What is the ‘Endocardium’?
Inner lining of the heart
What is the ‘Myocardium’?
Heart muscle
What does ‘Atrium’ mean?
Upper chamber of the heart
What is a ‘Ventricle’?
Lower chamber of the heart
What is the ‘Aorta’?
Largest artery
What does ‘Vena Cava’ refer to?
Largest vein
Define ‘Trachea’.
Windpipe
What are ‘Bronchi’?
Main airways to lungs
What are ‘Alveoli’?
Air sacs in lungs
What is the ‘Esophagus’?
Tube from throat to stomach
What is the function of the ‘Stomach’?
Digestive organ
What does ‘Duodenum’ refer to?
First part of the small intestine
What is the ‘Ileum’?
Last part of the small intestine
What does ‘Colon’ refer to?
Large intestine
What is the function of the ‘Liver’?
Detoxifying organ
What does ‘Gallbladder’ do?
Stores bile
What is the function of the ‘Pancreas’?
Produces insulin and enzymes
What do ‘Kidneys’ do?
Filter blood and produce urine
What are ‘Ureters’?
Tubes from kidneys to bladder
What is the ‘Bladder’?
Stores urine
What does ‘Urethra’ refer to?
Urine exit tube
What is the ‘Epidermis’?
Outer skin layer
What is the ‘Dermis’?
Inner skin layer
What does ‘Sebaceous gland’ produce?
Oil
What is the function of the ‘Hypothalamus’?
Brain control center
What does the ‘Pituitary gland’ do?
Master hormone gland
What is the role of the ‘Thyroid gland’?
Regulates metabolism
What do ‘Adrenal glands’ produce?
Stress hormones
What are ‘Ovaries’?
Female reproductive glands
What do ‘Testes’ refer to?
Male reproductive glands
What is the function of the ‘Spleen’?
Blood-filtering organ
What does ‘Diabetes Mellitus’ refer to?
Blood sugar disorder
What is ‘Hyperthyroidism’?
Overactive thyroid
What does ‘Hypothyroidism’ mean?
Underactive thyroid
What is ‘Myocardial Infarction’?
Heart attack
What does ‘Stroke’ indicate?
Brain blood flow blockage
What is ‘Pneumonia’?
Lung infection
What does ‘Asthma’ refer to?
Breathing disorder
What is ‘COPD’?
Chronic lung disease
What does ‘Tuberculosis’ mean?
Bacterial lung infection
What is ‘Hepatitis’?
Liver inflammation
What does ‘Cirrhosis’ refer to?
Liver scarring
What is ‘Appendicitis’?
Inflamed appendix
What does ‘Gastritis’ mean?
Stomach inflammation
What is a ‘Peptic Ulcer’?
Stomach lining erosion
What does ‘Nephritis’ refer to?
Kidney inflammation
What is ‘Osteoporosis’?
Weak bones
What does ‘Rheumatoid Arthritis’ mean?
Joint inflammation
What is ‘Gout’?
Uric acid buildup in joints
What does ‘Anemia’ indicate?
Low red blood cell count
What is ‘Leukemia’?
Blood cancer
What does ‘Lymphoma’ refer to?
Lymphatic system cancer
What is ‘Melanoma’?
Skin cancer
What does ‘Carcinoma’ mean?
Cancerous tumor
What is ‘Glaucoma’?
Eye pressure disorder
What does ‘Cataract’ refer to?
Cloudy eye lens
What is ‘Epilepsy’?
Seizure disorder
What does ‘Parkinson’s Disease’ indicate?
Movement disorder
What is ‘Alzheimer’s Disease’?
Memory loss disorder
What does ‘Multiple Sclerosis’ mean?
Nervous system disease
What is ‘Fibromyalgia’?
Muscle pain disorder
What does ‘Meningitis’ refer to?
Brain and spinal cord infection
What is ‘Sepsis’?
Blood infection
What does ‘HIV/AIDS’ signify?
Immune system failure
What is ‘Psoriasis’?
Skin autoimmune disease
Define ‘Eczema’.
Skin inflammation
What does ‘Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)’ mean?
Hormonal disorder
What is ‘Endometriosis’?
Abnormal uterus tissue growth
What does ‘Infertility’ refer to?
Inability to conceive
What is ‘Malnutrition’?
Poor nutrient intake
What does ‘Obesity’ mean?
Excess body fat
What is ‘Depression’?
Mood disorder
What does ‘Anxiety’ refer to?
Excessive worry disorder
What is ‘Schizophrenia’?
Mental disorder
What does ‘Bipolar Disorder’ mean?
Mood swings disorder
What is ‘Autism’?
Neurodevelopmental disorder
What does ‘Insomnia’ refer to?
Sleep disorder
What is a ‘Migraine’?
Severe headache
What does ‘Hernia’ mean?
Organ protrusion
What are ‘Varicose Veins’?
Swollen veins
What does ‘Appendectomy’ refer to?
Appendix removal
What is a ‘Biopsy’?
Tissue sample removal
What does ‘Colonoscopy’ involve?
Colon examination
What is ‘Endoscopy’?
Internal organ examination
What does ‘Gastrectomy’ mean?
Stomach removal
What is a ‘Mastectomy’?
Breast removal
What does ‘Hysterectomy’ refer to?
Uterus removal
What is a ‘Cholecystectomy’?
Gallbladder removal
What does ‘Nephrectomy’ mean?
Kidney removal
What is a ‘Laparotomy’?
Abdominal surgery
What does ‘Angioplasty’ involve?
Blood vessel widening
What is ‘CABG’?
Heart bypass surgery
What does ‘C-section’ refer to?
Surgical childbirth
What is a ‘Craniotomy’?
Skull surgery
What does ‘Thoracotomy’ mean?
Chest surgery
What is a ‘Tracheostomy’?
Opening in trachea
What does ‘Ventilation’ refer to?
Assisted breathing
What is ‘Amputation’?
Limb removal
What does ‘Dialysis’ mean?
Blood filtering
What is ‘Cataract Surgery’?
Eye lens replacement
What does ‘Chemotherapy’ refer to?
Cancer treatment
What is ‘Radiation Therapy’?
Cancer radiation treatment
What are ‘Sutures’?
Stitches
What is a ‘Blood Transfusion’?
Blood transfer
What does ‘Lithotripsy’ involve?
Kidney stone treatment
What is ‘Herniorrhaphy’?
Surgical repair of a hernia
What does ‘Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant’ refer to?
Bone marrow transplant
What is a ‘Laminectomy’?
Spinal surgery to relieve pressure on nerves
What does ‘Liposuction’ mean?
Fat removal procedure
What is a ‘Myringotomy’?
Surgical incision in the eardrum to relieve pressure
What does ‘Neurosurgery’ involve?
Surgery of the nervous system (brain & spinal cord)
What is an ‘Oophorectomy’?
Surgical removal of one or both ovaries
What does ‘Orchidectomy’ mean?
Surgical removal of one or both testicles
What is ‘Pacemaker Insertion’?
Implanting a device to regulate heartbeats
What does ‘Pancreatectomy’ refer to?
Surgical removal of the pancreas
What is a ‘Phlebectomy’?
Surgical removal of varicose veins
What does ‘Prostatectomy’ mean?
Surgical removal of the prostate gland
What is ‘Reconstructive Surgery’?
Restoring appearance or function after injury
What does ‘Rhinoplasty’ involve?
Nose reshaping surgery
What is a ‘Splenectomy’?
Surgical removal of the spleen
What does ‘Tonsillectomy’ refer to?
Surgical removal of the tonsils
What is ‘Total Hip Replacement’?
Replacing a damaged hip joint with an artificial one
What does ‘Total Knee Replacement’ mean?
Replacing a damaged knee joint
What is a ‘Thyroidectomy’?
Surgical removal of the thyroid gland
What does ‘Tympanoplasty’ refer to?
Surgical repair of the eardrum
What is a ‘Vasectomy’?
Male sterilization procedure
What does the ‘Whipple Procedure’ involve?
Surgery to remove part of the pancreas, duodenum, and bile duct
What is ‘Skin Grafting’?
Transplanting healthy skin to a damaged area
What does ‘Debridement’ mean?
Removal of dead or infected tissue
What is a ‘Colostomy’?
Creating an opening in the colon to divert waste
