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Medical term chapter 3 > Medical term > Flashcards

Medical term Flashcards

1
Q

What is the acetabulum?

A

The cup-shaped socket in the hip bone that holds the head of the femur.

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2
Q

What does allogenic mean?

A

Originating within another

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3
Q

What is ankylosing spondylitis?

A

A type of arthritis that causes inflammation of the spine and large joints, leading to stiffness and pain.

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4
Q

What is arthrodesis?

A

A surgical procedure to fuse two bones together.

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5
Q

What is arthroscopy?

A

visual examination of the internal structure of a joint using an arthroscope..

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6
Q

What does autologous mean?

A

Originating from the same individual, often used in transplants or transfusions.

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7
Q

What is avascular necrosis?

A

The death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply.

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8
Q

What is a bone marrow transplant?

A

A medical procedure to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy bone marrow stem cells.

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9
Q

What is a callus?

A

The thickened area of skin or the healing tissue that forms over a broken bone.

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10
Q

What is chondromalacia?

A

The softening and breakdown of cartilage, typically in the knee.

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11
Q

What is a comminuted fracture?

A

A fracture where the bone is broken into multiple pieces.

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12
Q

What is a compression fracture?

A

A type of fracture where the bone collapses, particularly common in the vertebrae.

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13
Q

What is costochondritis?

A

Inflammation of the cartilage connecting the ribs to the breastbone.

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14
Q

What is crepitation?

A

A crackling or grating sound usually caused by bones rubbing together.

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15
Q

What is dual X-ray absorptiometry?

A

A test to measure bone density and assess the risk of osteoporosis.

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16
Q

What is a fat embolus?

A

A piece of fat that enters the bloodstream, often after a fracture, and can block blood vessels.

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17
Q

What is gout?

A

A form of arthritis characterized by sudden, severe attacks of pain, redness, and tenderness in joints.

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18
Q

What is hallux valgus?

A

A deformity of the big toe, commonly known as a bunion.

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19
Q

What is hemarthrosis?

A

Bleeding into a joint cavity.

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20
Q

What does hematopoietic refer to?

A

Related to the formation of blood cells in the bone marrow.

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21
Q

What is internal fixation?

A

A surgical procedure to stabilize broken bones using hardware like screws or plates.

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22
Q

What is juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

A

A type of arthritis affecting children, characterized by persistent joint inflammation.

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23
Q

What is kyphosis?

A

An exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic spine, causing a hunchback appearance.

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24
Q

What is a laminectomy?

A

A surgical procedure to remove part of a vertebra to relieve spinal cord pressure.

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25
Q

What is lordosis?

A

An excessive inward curvature of the spine, often in the lower back.

26
Q

What is lumbago?

A

General term for lower back pain.

27
Q

What is a malleolus?

A

The bony prominence on each side of the ankle.

28
Q

What is the manubrium?

A

The upper part of the sternum (breastbone).

29
Q

What are metacarpals?

A

The five bones in the hand between the wrist and fingers.

30
Q

What are metatarsals?

A

The five bones in the foot between the ankle and toes.

31
Q

What is multiple myeloma?

A

A type of blood cancer affecting plasma cells in the bone marrow.

32
Q

What is an open fracture?

A

A fracture where the bone breaks through the skin.

33
Q

What is an orthopedic surgeon?

A

A doctor specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal conditions.

34
Q

What is an orthotic?

A

A device worn to correct or support musculoskeletal abnormalities.

35
Q

What is osteitis?

A

Inflammation of bone tissue.

36
Q

What is osteoarthritis?

A

A typer of arthritis

37
Q

What is osteochondroma?

A

a benign bony projection covered with cartilage.

38
Q

What is osteomalacia?

A

Softening of the bones due to vitamin D deficiency.

39
Q

What is osteomyelitis?

A

inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone.

40
Q

What is osteopenia?

A

Lower-than-normal bone density, a precursor to osteoporosis.

41
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

A condition where bones become weak and brittle.

42
Q

What is an osteoporotic hip fracture?

A

A break in the hip caused by osteoporosis.

43
Q

What is Paget’s disease?

A

A disorder that disrupts normal bone remodeling, leading to weak or deformed bones.

44
Q

What is a pathologic fracture?

A

A break in a bone caused by disease rather than injury.

45
Q

What is percutaneous vertebroplasty? How do you treat osteoporosis

A

A procedure to stabilize vertebral fractures by injecting bone cement.

46
Q

What is a podiatrist?

A

A doctor specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of foot disorders.

47
Q

What is polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

An inflammatory disorder causing muscle pain and stiffness, especially in the shoulders and hips.

48
Q

What is a prosthesis?

A

An artificial device that replaces a missing body part.

49
Q

What is radiculopathy?

A

Pain or other symptoms caused by nerve root compression.

50
Q

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

A

An autoimmune disorder causing chronic inflammation of the joints.

51
Q

What is rickets?

A

A condition in children caused by vitamin D deficiency, leading to bone deformities.

52
Q

What is scoliosis?

A

A sideways curvature of the spine.

53
Q

What is spina bifida?

A

A birth defect where the spine and spinal cord don’t form properly.

54
Q

What is spinal stenosis?

A

Narrowing of the spinal canal, putting pressure on the nerves.

55
Q

What is a spiral fracture?

A

a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart.

56
Q

What is spondylolisthesis?

A

a degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function.

57
Q

What is spondylosis?

A

a degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function.

58
Q

What is subluxation?

A

A partial dislocation of a joint.

59
Q

What is synovectomy?

A

The surgical removal of the synovial membrane of a joint.

60
Q

What are vertebrae?

A

The bones that make up the spine.

Medical term chapter 3 (1 decks)

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