Medical Nutrition Therapy for Infections and Respiratory Disorders Flashcards
It is a result of successful invasion, establishment, and growth of pathogenic microorganisms in a host.
Infection
Medically termed as Pyrexia
Fever
It is a very high fever, usually higher than 40 degree Celsius.
Hyperpyrexia or Hyperthermia
Infection has spread from one part of the body to other areas via circulatory system.
Sepsis
It is classified as Acute, Chronic, and Recurrent.
Infections
It occurs in a short duration, with sudden onset and rapid progression. This is seen in colds, influenza, tonsillitis, pneumonia, measles, chicken pox, and thypoid fever.
Acute Infections
It last for weeks, months, and years. Examples are tuberculosis and hepatitis.
Chronic Infections
It occurs at periodic intervals. Fever appears and disappears with some regularity over a period of months or over a year. Malaria is on of the typical example.
Recurrent Infections.
It is the act of breathing and consists of inhaling (inspiration) or takin in oxygen; and exhaling (expiration) or giving off carbon dioxide.
Respiratory System
It is also known as a common cold. Caused by a virus that inflames the membranes in the lining of the nose and throat.
Upper Respiratory Infection (URI)
It is a highly contagious airborne pathogen that causes an acute febrile illness.
Influenza
It there a cure for Influenza? Yes or No.
No, there is no cure for influenza.
2 types of medications of Influenza
Amantadine and Rimantadine
It is an acute highly infecious communicable disease usually recognized by presence of fever, rashes and symptoms referable to upper respiratory tract.
Measles
The eruption of Measles is preceded by about 2 days of coryza, during which stage grayish pecks that may appear on the inner surface of the cheeks called
Koplik Spots
Also known as El Tor
Cholera
It is a self-timing, acute dehydrating disease of the intestines particularly the small gut caused by
Vibrio Cholerae
It is transmitted primarily thru ingestion of water and food contamination with feces or vomitus
Cholera
It is an acute infectious mosquito-borne fever. It is found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world.
Dengue fever
How many types of dengue are there in today’s geographic distribution?
11 dengue viruses
It is one of the most of which is the urban species.
Aedes Aegypti
It is known as a bleeding or disseminated intravascular coagulation
Dengue Hemorrhahic Fever (DHF)
It is an acute infectious and communicable disease caused by Corynebacterium Diphtheriae.
Diphtheria
This infection affects the respiratory system, especially the local production of membrane and the myocardium or the Central Nervous System (CNS).
Diptheria
It is an acute generalized viral infections usually diagnosed by the sudden onset of painful swelling in one or both parotid glands.
Mumps
It is an acute serious communicable disease involving the respiratory tract. Caused by Bordatella pertussis and B. parapertussis and can spread by droplet infection.
Pertussis
Also known as a Whooping Cough
Pertussis
Three stages of pertussis
Catarrhal, Paroxysmal, and Convalescence
At this stage of Pertussis is characterized by sore throat, malaise, anorexia, and sneezing.
Cattarhal
Coughing occurs at this stage of Pertussis
Paroxysmal
Coughs may be mild, paroxysmal and short-lived.
Convalescence
A food-borne infection caused by Salmonella typhosa.
Typhoid fever
It is called as H1N1 influenza virus
Swine flu
It is called as Avian influenza
Bird flu
A disease caused by infection with the poliovirus.
Poliomyelitis (Polio)
It occurs endemically where sanitation is poor and the water supply is likely to become contaminated with sewage.
Typhoid fever
It is a highly contagious enterovirus disease.
Poliomyelitis
Transmitted via direct personal contact, by eating contaminated food or by drinking contaminated fluids.
Poliomyelitis
It is an auto-immune disease causing inflammatory conditions affecting the connective tissue and causing joint pain, swelling, fever, rash, jerky movements, facial grimacing, and carditis.
Rheumatic fever
It is a recurrent infection cause by the genus Plasmodium.
Malaria
It is usually a disease of children. Long term effects result in rheumatic heart disease.
Rheumatic fever
A parasitic prozoan found in mosquitoes particularly the genus Anopheles.
Malaria
What are the 2 (two) life cycle of Malaria?
Sexual and Asexual
This cycle of Malaria occurs in person’s bloodstreams and tissues.
Asexual
This cycle of Malaria takes place in the mosquito.
Sexual
the cause of majority of malaria cases in the Philippines, follwed closely by Plasmodium vivax.
Plasmodium falciparum
What do you call the female mosquito?
Anopheles minimus flavirostris
An inflammation of the airways, which causes increased production of mucus and other changes.
Bronchitis
What are the several types of bronchitis?
Acute and Chronic
A type of Bronchitis which causes an inflammation of the bronchial tubes that connect the windpipe with the lungs.
Chronic Bronchitis
A type of bronchitis which causes inflammation of mucous membranes of the bronchial tubes and is usually caused by infectious agents such as bacteria or viruses. It may also be caused by physical or chemical agents.
Acute bronchitis
A degenerative disease that develops after many years of lung tissue exposure ti cigaretter smoke or other toxins that pollute the air.
Emphysema
A disease characterized by the presence of airflow obstruction due to chronic bronchitis or emphysema .
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
An acute infectious disease of the respiratory tract typically caused by the pneumococcus bacteria resulting in the inflammation of the alveolar spaces of the lungs.
Pneumonia
A respiratory illness that is caused by a new coronavirus.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
A highly infectious chronis disease caused by the tuberclebacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. Africanum primarily through humans, and M bovis from cattle) characterized by the formation of tubercles and caseous necrosis in the tissues.
Tuberculosis (TB)
primarily a respiratory disease (pulmonary TB or PTB) common among malnourished individuals.
TB
A unique metabolic reaction is triggered by trauma and stress. This condition is sometimes called a “hypermetabolic state”
Fractures and Mechanical Trauma
Refers to a tissue injury or destruction caused by excessive heat, caustis (acid or alkalis), friction,electricity or radiation.
Burns
The appearance of blisters in addition to erythema. What degree is this?
2nd degree
With actual destruction of the skin and underlying tissues. What degree is this?
3rd degree
With simple redness (erythema). What degree is this?
1st degree
A physical injury to the body tissues disrupting the normal continuity of structures.
Wound
Three different phases of Wound healing
Inflammatory, Proliferative, and Maturation
