Medical Nutrition Therapy Flashcards
(25 cards)
Identify three characteristics of nutrition screening in the acute care setting
(1) basic, (2) easy to administer, & (3) measurable
Serum albumin is an indicator of which nutritional indice?
Visceral protein status
An elevated albumin may indicate what condition
Dehydration
A decreased albumin may indicate what condition?
Malnutrition
A patient presents with a depleted serum albumin and protein malnutrition; identify one lab parameter that could be measured to evaluate the patient.
Creatine height index
When reviewing the serum calcium level, what other lab value must be evaluated in light of a deplete serum calcium?
Albumin.
Serum calcium is protein-bound. Therefore, when reviewing a serum calcium level, serum albumin must also be reviewed.
What is the formula for adjusting serum calcium when serum albumin is decreased?
(4- serum albumin) * (0.8 + total calcium)
Identify the more accurate calcium lab to monitor serum calcium status in patients with hypoalbuminemia.
Ionized calcium
Which hematological indices can be used to evaluate iron and protein deficiencies?
Hemoglobin
Name the iron transport protein
Transferrrin
What is the half-life of transferrin?
8-10.5 days
A patient with heart failure presents with: serum albumin of 2.5, serum calcium of 11.5, and a weight change of 50.5 to 53.5 kg in three days. What could be the cause of this present condition?
Fluid retention
A patient is admitted with a serum albumin of 3.7; following surgery, his albumin drops to 3.1. What could be the cause?
The albumin is a negative acute phase respondent. The drop in albumin is related to the stress of the surgery.
The labs triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) are used to measure the function of which endocrine gland?
Thyroid gland
A patient presents with an elevated ALT and elevated AST, what do these labs indicate?
liver damage or hepatocellular disease.
What is the best test for determining iron status?
Ferritin
A patient has anemia, low RBC count, and kidney disease; what hormone is involved in this disease condition?
Erythropoietin
A patient has a rare urea disease, what will the labs show?
An elevated ammonia level
Urea excretion is related to the intake of which macronutrient?
Protein
Creatinine excretion is an indicator of what aspect of a patient’s nutritional status?
Muscle mass/somatic protein status
A patient’s hematological lab values indicate low hemoglobin and low MCV; identify the nutritional deficiency.
Iron deficiency anemia
Glycosolated hemoglobin (HgB A1C) reflects the serum glucose level for what time span?
90-120 days
8-12 weeks
3-4 months
A glycosylated hemoglobin (HgB A1C) of 15% indicates what level of diabetes control?
The normal range is 4-6%, levels at 15% indicate poor control
Identify two physical and/or biochemical manifestations of Kwashiorkor.
Edema
Fatty liver
Third spacing
Severely depleted serum protein & albumin
