Medical Nursing Flashcards
43-year-old male patient is a foundry worker with 16 years of service record. He complains about exertional dyspnea, dry cough and sensation of chest tingling during cough. Instrumental examination revealed: restrictive type of external respiration disturbance of I degree. X-ray examination of lungs revealed: diffuse, round-shaped, small and well-defined opacities of average intensity located in the upper lung segments. The occupational pathologist suspected silicosis. What dust can cause this disease?
A) Graphite
B) Manganese
C) Carbon
D) Silicon dioxide in bound state
E) Silicon dioxide in free state
Answer E
A 38-year-old woman works in flax processing, she dries flax. She came to the hospital complaining of difficult breathing, constricting sensation in her chest, and cough attacks. These signs appear on the first day of her working week and gradually diminish on the following days. What respiratory disease is likely in this case?
A) Asthmatic bronchitis
B) Byssinosis
C) Allergic rhinopharyngitis
D) Silicosis
E) Bronchial asthma
Answer B
A 42 year old metalworker has been working at the turning machine for production of heavy large-size parts for 5 years. His work requires using of hand and pedal levers that involves considerable physical force. What means for osteoarthrosis prevention should be recommended?
A) To go in for weightlifting
B) To limit physical work
C) To administer protein-and-vitamin diet
D) To administer protein-and-carbohydrate diet
E) To improve health at the Black sea coast
Answer A
A 43-year-old man complains of facial edema, dyspnea, and difficulty swallowing that appeared 3 hours after he was stung by an insect. Objectively, the skin of his eyelids, cheeks, and lips is acutely hyperemic and edematous. What medicines should he be prescribed for emergency aid?
A) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
B) Diuretics
C) Antihistamines
D) Muscle relaxants
E) Glucocorticosteroids
Answer E
A 45-year-old drillman complains about aching hand pain disturbing him at night, creeping sensation, hands chill, headache and sleep disorder. In addition, notes blanching of fingers after washing hands with cold water. What disease might be suspected?
A) Anthracosis
B) Silicatosis
C) Pneumatic hammer disease
D) Siderosis
E) Silicosis
Answer C
A 57-year-old man, a miner, complains of a pain in his chest, dyspnea on physical exertion, excessive sweating, constant subfebrile tempeature, and cough that produces blood-streaked sputum. He has been smoking for approximately 40 years (2 packs a day) and frequently has “pneumonias? Survey chest X-ray shows a triangular shadow in the middle lobe of the right lung. One of the apices of the shadow points to the lung root. Cardiac and mediastinal shadows are displaced toward the affected area. Make the provisional diagnosis:
A) Chronic bronchitis
B) Cancer of the right lung
C) Right-sided pleuropneumonia
D) Pneumoconiosis
Answer B
A female patient hospitalized for an unrelated problem has a large pearly white lesion on her lip, to which she continues to apply lipstick that she will not remove for inspection. The patient refuses to discuss the lesion with the nurse or health care provider. What action by the nurse is best?
A) Ask the patient why her appearance is so important.
B) Ignore the lesion since the patient will not discuss it.
C) Inform the patient that early-stage cancer is curable.
D) Work with the patient to establish a trusting relationship
Answer D
A man has lung disease caused by continuous ingress of productive dust into the lungs. He complains about cough, stabbing chest pain and dyspnea. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Pneumoconiosis
B) Decompression sickness
C) Radiation sickness
D) Pneumatic hammer disease
E) Berylliosis
Answer A
A mechanic gets wheezy every time he uses two-part paint. You diagnose occupational asthma after various investigations have been undertaken. Which of the following is correct?
A) IgE is always raised in occupational asthma
B) You can get rhinitis with the condition
C) Can be diagnosed with twice daily peak flow readings for 2 weeks at home and at work
D) Does not require health surveillance of other workers
E) Is not an IIDB
The correct answer is C
A morbidly obese patient is admitted to a community hospital that does not typically care for bariatric-sized patients. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?
A) Assess the patient’s readiness to make lifestyle changes.
B) Ensure adequate staff when moving the patient.
C) Leave side rails down to prevent pressure ulcers.
D) Reinforce the need to be sensitive to the patient.
Answer B
A nurse and a registered dietitian are assessing patients for partial parenteral nutrition (PPN). For which patient would the nurse suggest another route of providing nutrition?
A) Patient with congestive heart failure
B) Older patient with dementia
C) Patient who has multiorgan failure
D) Patient who is postgastric resection
Answer A
A nurse answers a patient’s call light and finds the patient in the bathroom, vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. Which action would the nurse take first?
A) Assist the patient back to bed.
B) Notify the provider immediately.
C) Put on a pair of gloves.
D) Take a set of vital signs.
The answer Is C
A nurse assesses a patient who has appendicitis. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to find?
A) Severe, steady right lower quadrant pain
B) Abdominal pain associated with nausea and vomiting
C) Marked peristalsis and hyperactive bowel sounds
D) Abdominal pain that increases with knee flexion
Answer A
A nurse assesses a patient who has cholecystitis. Which clinical manifestation indicates that the condition is chronic rather than acute?
A) Temperature of 100.1° F (37.8° C)
B) Positive Murphy’s sign
C) Light-colored stools
D) Upper abdominal pain after eating
Answer C
A nurse assesses a patient who has ulcerative colitis and severe diarrhea. Which assessment would the nurse complete first?
A) Inspection of oral mucosa
B) Recent dietary intake
C) Heart rate and rhythm
D) Percussion of abdomen
Answer C
A nurse assesses a patient who is hospitalized with an exacerbation of Crohn’s disease. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to find?
A) Positive Murphy’s sign with rebound tenderness to palpitation
B) Dull, hypoactive bowel sounds in the lower abdominal quadrants
C) High-pitched, rushing bowel sounds in the right lower quadrant
D) Reports of abdominal cramping that is worse at night
Answer C
A nurse assesses a patient who is prescribed 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy intravenously for the treatment of colon cancer. Which assessment finding would alert the nurse to contact the health care provider?
A) White blood cell (WBC) count of 1500/mm3 (1.5 × 109/L)
B) Fatigue
C) Nausea and diarrhea
D) Mucositis and oral ulcers
Answer A
A nurse assesses a patient who is prescribed an infusion of vasopressin (Pitressin) for bleeding esophageal varices. Which clinical manifestation would alert the nurse to a serious adverse effect?
A) Nausea and vomiting
B) Frontal headache
C) Vertigo and syncope
D) Mid-sternal chest pain
Answer D
A nurse assesses a patient who is recovering from a paracentesis 1 hour ago. Which assessment finding requires action by the nurse?
A) Urine output via indwelling urinary catheter is 20 mL/hr
B) Blood pressure increases from 110/58 to 120/62 mm Hg
C) Respiratory rate decreases from 18 to 14 breaths/min
D) A decrease in the patient’s weight by 3 lbs (1.4 kg)
Answer A
A nurse assesses a patient who is recovering from a Whipple procedure. Which assessment finding alerts the nurse to urgently contact the healthcare provider?
A) Drainage from a fistula
B) Absent bowel sounds
C) Pain at the incision site
D) Nasogastric (NG) tube drainage
Answer A
A nurse assesses a patient who is recovering from an ileostomy placement. Which clinical manifestation would alert the nurse to urgently contact the health care provider?
A) Pale and bluish stoma
B) Liquid stool
C) Ostomy pouch intact
D) Blood-smeared output
Answer A
A nurse assesses a patient who is recovering from an open Whipple procedure. Which action would the nurse perform first?
A) Assess the patient’s endotracheal tube with 40% FiO2.
B) Insert an indwelling Foley catheter to gravity drainage.
C) Place the patient’s nasogastric tube to low intermittent suction.
D) Start lactated Ringer’s solution through an intravenous catheter.
Answer A
