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SRNAProfessionalGuide II > Medical Gas Systems > Flashcards

Medical Gas Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Medical Gas systems primary source is _______and _________

A 
Central supply (primary source)
Cylinders attached to the machine
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2
Q

Tanks (cylinders) are _______with ______SS

A

Color coded, pin indexed

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3
Q

What is the role of the valves

A

Attach cylinders to the hanger yoke with a T handle

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4
Q

Some caution about Safety?

A

Gas stored at high pressure, use caution!!

Disconnect, supply failure

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5
Q

What are the different types of Gases:

ONANCH

A 
Oxygen
N2O
Air
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Helium
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6
Q

Oxygen Medical grade % of purety?

A

99 - 99.5% pure

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7
Q

N2O

A

Anesthetic gas

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8
Q

Air Medical Grade

A

Dehumidified

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9
Q

Carbon Dioxide used in

A

Laparoscopic procedures

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10
Q

Nitrogen

A

Provides power to equipment

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11
Q

Helium

A

 Used in laser surgery of the

airway to reduce fire risk

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12
Q

What are the pipeline systems and which one is the most common?

A

Pipe line systems
 Central supply
 Pipelines (Most common)
 Connectors

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13
Q

Potential problems with Pipeline systems (CIEA)

A
  • Contamination (particles, bacteria, viral, moisture,
    Bioterrorism)
  • Inadequate pressure
  • Excessive pressures
  • Accidental crossover (switch between oxygen and some
    other gas such as nitrous oxide or nitrogen)
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14
Q

Tanks and cylinders Standards (FACNUQ)

A 
Standards
 US Department of Transportation
 Compressed Gas Association
 National Fire Protection Association
 American Society of Mechanical Engineers
 Food and Drug Administration
 Quality and purity of contents.
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15
Q

Tanks and cylinders Sizes most commonly used for anesthesia

A

Sizes most commonly used in anesthesia
 E cylinder on back of machines
 H cylinders chained to walls
 D cylinders for transport

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16
Q

Color coding

A

 US colors

 International colors

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17
Q

Central supply is a

A

series of tanks connected by a manifold or pressurized vessels of liquid O2.

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18
Q 
Oxygen \_\_\_\_\_\_vs white
Air \_\_\_\_\_\_vs black and white
Nitrous Oxide is\_\_\_\_
CO2 is gray
Nitrogen is\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

green
yellow
blue
black

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19
Q

The definitive indicator is always

A

the label.

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20
Q

Nonliquefied Compressed Gas

A

Do not liquefy at ordinary temperatures and pressures from 2000 to 2500 psi
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Helium

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21
Q

Nonliquefied Compressed Gas

Do not liquefy at ______and _______from ______to ______psi

A

Do not liquefy at ordinary temperatures and pressures from 2000 to 2500 psi
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Helium

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22
Q

Liquefied Compressed Gas

A

Becomes a LIQUID at pressures from 25 to 2500 psig
Nitrous oxide
Carbon dioxide

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23
Q 
PISS
Air:
Nitrogen:
N20:
Oxygen:
A

1-5
1-4
3-5
2-5

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24
Q

Tanks must be inspected

A

every 10 years

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25
Q

What is the boiling point

A

Boiling point is (the temperature where gas turns to a liquid or liquid turns to a gas)

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26
Q

What is the boiling point of Oxygen

A

Bp for O2 = –183 C at atmospheric pressure (=760 torr STP = 0 degrees at 760 torr)

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27
Q

What is Critical Temperature?

A

– temperature below which a gas is converted to a liquid form by pressure.

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28
Q

Each gas changes to a ____at a known.

A

liquid ; critical temperature and critical pressure

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29
Q

Critical pressure

A

the pressure required at critical temp to keep the gas in its liquid form.

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30
Q

For example Critical temp for O2 is ______

Pressure must be _____psia. This means that

A

–119C. 737; O2 can only be stored as a gas at room temp. Room temperature is about 20 C

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31
Q

Oxygen is Manufactured by_________

A

fractional distillation of liquefied air.

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32
Q

Oxygen is Stored as_________or -_________as _____ at ____ to _____C

A

compressed gas, or refrigerated as liquid at -150 to -175 °C.

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33
Q

What is the most widely used drug in the US.

A

Oxygen

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34
Q

Why is oxygen special property?

A

Strong oxidizing agent, supports combustion, labeled as a hazardous material.
Also used to power anesthesia ventilators

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35
Q

Volume of gas of O2

______ liters of gas and ______psig

A

660L;

1900 psig

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36
Q

What gas law governs tank pressures?

A

Boyle’s law – P1V1= P2V2

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37
Q

What is the internal volume of the oxygen tank?

A

5L

38
Q

Empty weight?______

Full weight _______ (O2 weighs _____)

A

Empty – 9-14 lbs (depending on material)

Full- approx 15 ½ lbs (O2 weighs 1 lb, 6 oz)

39
Q

O2 tank pressure when full is

A

1900 psig

40
Q

Pressure gauges indicates the_________

In the case of oxygen, this enables what ?.

A

pressure within each cylinder.

the estimation of the contents since the amount of gas contained in the cylinder is proportional to the pressure

41
Q

There is a range of values reported for E cylinders that goes from______ We want you to use

A

1900 to 2200.

1900.

42
Q

For the H tank Volume of gas
Interval volum is ________
PSI is _______

A

Volume of gas
Internal volume = 43.6 liters
PSI 1900
Liters of Oxygen = 6900

43
Q

How many liters of Oxygen in “ H” tank

A

6900 Liters

44
Q

Nitrogen is Stored as a______, at__________temperature in large tanks (_____, _ tank) connected to a manifold which _________to approximately

A

liquid ; ambient temperature; 745 psi – H tank) regulates the pipeline pressure; 50 psi

45
Q

Molecular Weight of N2O

A

44

46
Q

Boiling point of N2O

A
  • 88 °C
47
Q

Critical temperature of N2O

A

36.5 °C

48
Q

Critical Pressure of N2O

A

1054 psig

49
Q

N2O can exist

A

As a liquid in room temperature

50
Q

N2O Weight when TANK Empty is _______, approx________

A

Stamped on side; 14 lb

51
Q

Weight when TANK is Full : ______N2O and _______lbs =

A

Approx 6 lb 6 oz nitrous + 14 lb = 20 lb, 6 oz

52
Q

N2O =____psi until

A

745 psi until all N2O is liquid

53
Q

Nitrous oxide are liquified by the

A

high pressure within the cylinder.

54
Q

About the Nitrous oxide tanks pressure

A

-Pressure remains relatively constant until all the liquid is evaporated, after which the pressure drops rapidly as the remaining gas is removed.

55
Q

The contents of these Nitrous oxide cylinders can only be estimated by

A

weighing the cylinder.

56
Q

N2O Tanks are filled tohe saturated vapor pressure of N2O is 745 psi.

A

90-95% capacity.

57
Q

The area above the liquid is filled with N2O

A

vapor.

58
Q

Use Avogadro’s Volume which states that

A

1 gram molecular weight of any gas or vapor occupies 22.4 L at STP.

59
Q

Medical Air for breathing

A

No detectable liquid hydrocarbons

Less particulates than in the atmosphere

60
Q

Air Contains ____nitrogen, and_____ oxygen

Usually supplied at pressure of

A

~79%; ~21%

1900-2200 psi

61
Q 
YOKE: Safety release devices needed for\_\_\_\_\_\_and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
FUSIBLE PLUG (Wood’s metal) has a\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ which \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Can use a combo ie the safety relief valve and fusible plug. The valve vents are filled with Wood’s metal

A

high tank pressures and overheated tanks

low melting point which melts in a fire

62
Q

Frangible Disc Assembly is a

A

metal disc that breaks when a certain pressure is exceeded

63
Q

What is the safety relief valve

A

releases gas after set pressure is exceeded

64
Q

Can use a combo ie _______

the valve vents are filled with ______

A

he safety relief valve and fusible plug. The valve vents are filled with Wood’s metal

65
Q

Oxygen Cylinder ValveSmall Tank 7 parts

A
  1. The body
  2. The port
  3. The valve stem
  4. The handle/key
  5. Safety relief device
  6. The conical depression
  7. Noninterchangeable safety systems: prevent attachment of the incorrect cylinder to a yoke
66
Q

What is the role of the oxygen cylinder valve BODY?

A

Forms the basic structure. Screws into the tank. DISS/hole size vary for safety

67
Q

What is the role of the oxygen cylinder valve PORT?

A

where the yoke attaches to allow for exit of the gas.

68
Q

What is the role of the oxygen cylinder valve VALVE STEM

A

when opened allows gas to exit tank

69
Q

What is the role of the oxygen cylinder valve HANDLE KEY

A

turns the valve stem

70
Q

What is the role of the oxygen cylinder valve SAFETY RELIEF DEVICE

A

allows discharge of the cylinder contents under certain conditions (do not confuse with the conical depression)

71
Q

What is the role of the oxygen cylinder valve CONICAL DEPRESSION

A

(on small cylinder valves) receives the retaining screw of the yoke

72
Q

What is the role of the oxygen cylinder valve NON INTERCHANGEABLE SAFETY SYSTEMS?

A

prevent attachment of the incorrect cylinder to a yoke

73
Q

Gas specific connectors are used on large (G and H) cylinders that make it

A

impossible to attach a regulator or fitting to the wrong cylinder.

74
Q

Connections for large cylinders

A

Varied thread connections

Varied hole sizes for body of cylinder valv

75
Q 
Pin Index Safety System
Prevents \_\_\_\_\_\_
How many pins?
How many positions?
How many possible variations?
A 
Prevents attachment of an incorrect cylinder to a yoke
Used on E tanks or smaller 
2 pins on yoke
7 positions
13 possible variations
76
Q

Small Cylinder Safety

A

Gas specific pin-index system
Pins on yoke of anesthesia machine mate with holes drilled in specific locations on valve of cylinder.
Provides a mechanical means of preventing incorrect connection.

77
Q

Diameter Index Safety System (DISS)

A

Removable non-interchangeable connections for low pressure lines

78
Q

DISS role

A

Prevents connection of gas-administering equipment to the wrong type of gas

79
Q

DISS consists of

A

Consists of a body (female end), nut, and nipple (male end)
Each are varied in size
Threads widths are varied
Example: wall outlet connectors

80
Q

Quick Couplers

A

Safety keyed to be gas specific

81
Q

Safety considerations

aluminum cylinders
one washer
oil valve.
Protect the valve

A

Use only in an MRI suite.
Use only ________or PISS system will be defeated.
Do not _____the valve; when transporting.

82
Q

For tanks NEVER STAND

A

Never stand upright without support.

83
Q

To install

A

Check & remove labels
Hold valve away from face, and “crack” valve
Place in hanger yoke
Observe for appropriate pressure and lack of audible leak.

84
Q

Leave cylinders on machine

A

closed.

85
Q

Calculations of cylinder duration

A

(P1V1 = P2V2)

86
Q

E cylinder reading 800 psi. Flow rate 15 l/min per ambu bag. How many minutes do you have before patient runs out of oxygen?

A

Calculate

87
Q

Formula

A

Actual gauge reading (psi) X (known liters full)  (total liter flow)
Initial filling pressure (psi)

88
Q

Formula

A

Actual gauge reading (psi) X (known liters full) / (total liter flow) (Initial filling pressure )(psi)

89
Q

For O2 tank use:

To determine time left in tank:

A

PSI X constant / = minutes left before empty

L/M

90
Q

Constants: (for oxygen tanks only)
D= ___ (used for ____)
E=____
H=___

A 
D = 0.18 (helicopter transportation) 
E = 0.30
H = 3.14

SRNAProfessionalGuide II (13 decks)

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