Medical Emergency Flashcards
Syncope - reduced bf to brain (fainting)
- trendelenburg position
- O2
- vitals
- ammonia inhaler under nose
What do you do if a pregnant lady faints
Roll to the left
What medicine do you grab from first aid if someone faints
Ammonia inhaler - placed under nose
What is Insufficient bf to the heart muscle?
Angina aka chest pain
How long does chest pain usually last?
Less than 15 min
What position do you place someone who has angina?
Sitting up
5 things to do for angina
- sit pt up
- nitroglycerin under tongue
- oxygen
- vitals
- call 911 could be heart attack
What is the shelf life of nitroglycerin once opened?
30 days
Ammonia inhaler 4?
Nitroglycerin 4?
And where
Ammonia inhaler under nose for syncope
Nitroglycerin for angina under tongue
Occlusion if coronary vessels.
Anoxia, ischemia, and infarct
Myocardial infarction
What is anoxia
No oxygen
Severe chest pain that lasts longer than 15 minutes?
Myocardial infarction
Chest pain not relived by nitroglycerin
May or may not last longer than 15 min
Myocardial infarction
Radiating pain on the left side of the arm
Myocardial infarction
Cyanosis or pale, weakness
Myocardial infarction
7 things for myocardial infarction
- AED
- get ready CPR
- O2
- monitor vitals
- call 911
- chew aspirin
- administer nitroglycerin
Ammonia 4
Nitroglycerin 4
Aspirin 4
And where
Ammonia inhaler - syncope under nose
Nitroglycerin - angina and myocardial infarction
Under tongue
Aspirin- chewing for myocardial infarction
Heart stops beating
Cardiac arrest
No pulse or BP
And
Heart stops beating
Cardiac arrest
Gasping for breath or not breathing
Cyanosis
Cardiac arrest
Cyanosis
Cardiac arrest
Or
Myocardial infarction
- dilated pupils
- cyanosis
- heart stops beating
- gasping for air
- no pulse or BP
Cardiac arrest
Someone has cardiac arrest what do you?
Start cpr
Use AED
Call 911
Turns cyanosis
Can be?
What do you do?
Cardiac arrest
Myocardial infarction
Aspiration
- start cpr
- use AED
- Call 911
- provide oxygen
- monitor vitals
Another name for stroke
Cerebrovascular accident
What is rupture vessel?
Hemorrhagic
What is blockage?
Thrombo
Dizziness
Vertigo
Unilateral weakness or paralysis
Stroke
5 things you do during stroke
- Call 911
- semi sitting position
- provide oxygen
- vital monitored
- Valium administers in IV
Possibly hx of this
Make sure airway is open
Provide oxygen and monitor vitals
Should be done mostly 2 mins, if longer, call 911
Seizure
Acute adrenal insufficiency
Low ACTH (adrenocorticotropic) hormone
Weakness
Confusion
Fatigued
Legs, abdomen pain
Nausea
Hypotension
Coma
If conscious during acute adrenal insufficency
Position in supine
Perform cpr
Call 911.
If unconscious during acute adrenal insufficiency
Position semi supine
Monitor vitals
Administer steroids - dexamethozone IV
Excess loss of CO2 and respiratory alkalosis
Hyperventilation
Rapid shallow breaths
Confusion
Dizziness
Parathesia
Carpal-pedal Spasms
Instruct patient to stay calm
Breathe slowly into paper bag
Foreign body in the larynx or pharynx
Aspiration
Cyanosis from airway obstruction
Aspiration
Coughing
Gagging
Inability to speak
Aspiration
Aspiration while standing or leaning forward
Apply Heimlich Manuever
Aspiration lead to unconscious
Call 911 do CPR
Long term inflammatory disease of the airway
Asthma
Asthma hx
Coughing
Shortness of breath
Beta 2 agonist inhaler
If doesn’t work:
O2
Cpr
911
Respiratory arrest - what position do you place pt?
Supine
Cpr Oxygen Check vitals AED Call 911
Local anesthesia drug toxicity
Provide oxygen
Call 911
Itching or rash
Allergy
If had allergy, caused itching or rash administer?
Diphenhydramine Aka Benadryl
If given, call 911
Allergy causing itching and rash, don’t have diphenhydramine what can you use?
Epinephrine and oxygen
DONT USE IN HYPERTENSIVE PT
Too Low blood sugar level
Hypoglycemia
In hypoglycemic patient what can you give them?
Glucose
