Medical emergency

Question 1

What is A?

Answer 1

Airway - is the airway open?

Question 2

What do you check airway for?

Answer 2

Is it open?
Are there noises? Strider wheezing gurling

Noise = partial blockage
No noise = complete blockage

Question 3

What is B?

Answer 3

Breathing

Question 4

What do you check for with breathing?

Answer 4

Respiratory rate
SP02 levels
Chest expansion

Question 5

What is a normal respiratory rate and a concerning rate?

Answer 5

Normal - 12-20
Concerning - >25

Question 6

What should SP02 levels be?

Answer 6

96% and above

Question 7

What is C?

Answer 7

Circulation

Question 8

What are you checking for with circulation?

Answer 8

Pulse
Blood pressure
CRT

Question 9

What is a normal and concerning pulse?

Answer 9

Normal - 60-100bpm
Concerning - >100bpm

Question 10

What is normal high and low blood pressure?

Answer 10

Normal - 120/70
Hypertension - 140/90
Hypotension - 90/60

Question 11

What should CRT be?

Answer 11

2 second below

Question 12

What is D?

Answer 12

Disability

Question 13

What are u checking for disability?

Answer 13

ACVPU
blood glucose

Question 14

What is ACVPU?

Answer 14

Alert
Confusion
Verbal
Pain
Unconscious

Question 15

What is a hypoglycaemic level?

Answer 15

<4mmols

Question 16

What is E?

Answer 16

Exposure

Question 17

What are you checking for with exposure?

Answer 17

Blood loss
Swelling
Rash
Temperature

Question 18

What could a high temperature (pyrexial) imply?

Answer 18

Sepsis

Question 19

What is myocardial infarction?

Answer 19

Heart attack

Question 20

What are signs and symptoms of a heart attack?

Answer 20

Severe, crushing central chest pain which can radiate to neck jaw shoulders left arm and back)

Pallor, sweating
Nausea/ vomiting
Breathlessness

Question 21

What is the first thing you do in the instance of a medical emergency?

Answer 21

Call 999 and ABCDE approach

Question 22

What position would you put a patient in with signs of a heart attack?

Answer 22

Comfortable

Question 23

What would you administer for a heart attack?

Answer 23

GTN - 2 activations
If no allergy - 300mg aspirin orally (crushed or chewed)
Cyanosis/ losing consciousness - 15l/min 02

Question 24

What are signs and symptoms of hypoglycaemia?

Answer 24

Shaking
Slurred speech
Vagueness
Sweating
Double vision
Confusion
Unconsciousness

Children - lethargic

Question 25

What would you do first when suspecting a hypoglycaemic patient?

Answer 25

Measure blood glucose
Call 999 if patient not responsive

Question 26

What would you administer to a conscious hypoglycaemic patient?

Answer 26

10-20g glucose - orange juice, non diet fizzy drinks, 4 x glucose tablets/gel

Question 27

What would you administer to an impaired conscious hypoglycaemic patient?

Answer 27

Buccal glucose gel and or glucagon 1mg IM

Once consciousness returns offer oral glucose

Question 28

What is the paediatric dose of glucagon for hypoglycaemia?

Answer 28

<8 years/ <25kg: 0.5mg

Question 29

What are signs and symptoms of syncope?

Answer 29

Faint/ dizzy/ light headed
Collapse and loss of consciousness
Pallor, sweating, slow pulse, low BP
nausea/ vomiting

Question 30

How do you manage a patient with syncope?

Answer 30

Lie flat and elevate legs
Loosen tight clothing
Administer 02 15l/min

If unresponsive check for signs of life