Medical emergencies Flashcards
Your players are eating seafood paella in the club bar after a match. You become concerned by a player who is coughing repeatedly, wheezing and becoming agitated. Other players are trying to get him to drink water, shouting at him and smacking him lightly between the shoulders. On approach, you see his skin is blotchy and flushed, his eyes and lips are puffy and swollen, his cough is unproductive, and you can hear stridor. There is no known history of allergy.
Which of the following best describes your next immediate course of action?
Give high-flow oxygen and IM adrenaline 0.5ml 1 in 1000 (500mcg)
How do you adujust subuimol dosage to an u12
Halve the dose
You are asked to review a trialist who is behaving strangely during a morning training session. Your club intern states that he provided evidence of being recently diagnosed with diabetes and prescribed insulin. The intern hands you the player’s own insulin pen.
As you do not know the player, it is difficult to quantify his behavioural changes. However, taking into consideration the above, you send the intern to get your second medical bag. Whilst awaiting your blood glucose monitor, you check your first bag for a treatment that might help. Nearby, the catering staff have set up a coffee station with hot water, sugar, milk and a variety of soft drinks for post-training.
When treating a conscious player (who is known to have diabetes) with suspected hypoglycaemia, which of the following are appropriate actions to take?
You may select multiple answers.
Ask him to drink at least 200ml of full fat milk
Give him at least three sugar lumps
Give him Lucozade sport (after checking the label for sugar content and advising dosage to drink)
Ask him to swallow one tube of Hypostop gel
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus are the most common forms of diabetes. The causes of each are different, but they both result in too much glucose in the blood.
True or false?
True
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by the body’s failure to produce insulin. Insulin is the hormone released by the pancreas to help control blood glucose levels.
True or false?
True
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by the body not producing enough insulin or not using what it produces effectively.
True or false?
True
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most common form and accounts for around 90% of all diabetes.
True or false?
False
Some of the earlier symptoms of hypoglycaemia can be mistaken for those that occur following a head injury.
True or false?
True
Hypoglycaemia is uncommon in sport. It is caused by an imbalance between training and nutrition but is also influenced by external factors (such as heat and altitude).
True or false?
False
Risk of hypoglycaemia can be reduced by appropriate training and ingesting an appropriate carbohydrate meal but can be stimulated by eating carbohydrate of a high glycaemic index (GI) close to the start of exercise.
True or false?
True
Hypoglycaemia will usually present as fatigue, but it can impair thermoregulation and predispose to muscle and tendon injury.
True or false?
True
Hypoglycaemia is easily remedied by the administration of carbohydrate, preferably in the form of fructose.
True or false?
False
Regarding a young adult footballer with stable and controlled epilepsy, which one of the following statements is correct?
Evidence demonstrates sporting participation reduces seizure frequency, so contact sport is allowed
Which of the following signs/symptoms would indicate she is experiencing a hypoglycaemic attack?
Confusion
Aggression
Tachyardia
Poor decision-making
Sweating
Pale
Which of the following signs/symptoms would indicate she was having an anaphylactic reaction?
Sudden swelling (oedema) of the face, lips and tongue
Hoarse sounding voice
Wheezing
Itchy
Nausea/vomiting and peripheral vasodilation
A player with hypoglycemia unconscious, what would be your next immediate action?
Inject glucagon IM or IV in a dose of 1 mg
Administer 50ml of 20% Glucose Intravenous Infusion into a large vein
Rub Hypostop gel or something similar (e.g. sachet of jam) into the buccal mucosa
When is EIA (exercise induced asthma) most likely to occur
20 minutes into moderate to high exercise
Regarding the use of medications during medical emergency of anaphylaxis in the football setting, what should be done to support them?
In a 20-year-old player with acute anaphylaxis, immediate lip and tongue swelling and stridor, adrenaline 0.5ml 1 in 1000 (500mcg) should be given intravenously (IV)
immediately
There are many potential reasons a player may present with a seizure in the acute football setting.
Which option describes the two most common causes?
SCA seizure - 40%
Hypoxic convulsion (due to an occluded airway in an unconscious player) – most common cause in our environment
Regular moderate aerobic activity reduces the rate of upper respiratory tract infections
True or false?
True
Team sport athletes may be at risk of developing upper respiratory tract infections more frequently due to the intensity and, on occasion, endurance activities related to training and playing
True or false?
True
Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections can be a sign of overtraining syndrome.
True or false?
True
Risk of URTI can be reduced by good hygiene, training monitoring, adequate amino acids and immunisation.
True or false?
True
Any symptoms above the neck (such as congestion in the nose and eyes) should preclude a player from activity.
True or false?
False
Fever or myalgia should preclude a player from activity.
True or false?
True
Viral myocarditis can be a result of training with a fever.
True or false?
True
Splenic rupture is caused by direct trauma and not related to training with an infection.
True or false?
TRUE
Dehydration has no effect on performance when taken in isolation.
True or false?
False
Anyone with an infectious disease could potentially infect others in fairly close contact (by inhalation or the faecal/oral route), and common sense would dictate the player stays away until better.
True or false?
True
