Medical Embryology

Question 1

Name all X6 Embryogenesis Stages

Answer 1

1) Gametogenesis-
2) Fertilisation-
3) Cleavage-
4) Gastrulation-
5) Formation of Axial Body Planes
6) Organogenesis-

Question 2

What is Gametogenesis?

Answer 2

-Gamete Formation via Meiosis

Question 3

Name the two processes in Gametogenesis.

Answer 3

• Spermatogenesis

- Oogenesis

Question 4

When does Oogenesis process start and end?

Answer 4

Starts- Fetal Development

Ends- Menopause

Question 5

What is an Oocyte and when is it released?

Answer 5

• A cell in the ovary that undergoes Meiosis to form an ovum/egg-female gamete
• Once Graafian Follicle has matured and Oocyte released

Question 6

What is Spermatogenesis?

Answer 6

-Production of male gamete-sperm

Question 7

When does Spermatogenesis start and how does rate change with time?

Answer 7

Starts-Puberty

-Spermatogenesis rate decreases with age

Question 8

What is Fertilisation?

Answer 8

-Egg and sperm fuse fo form zYGOTE

Question 9

What Is the name for when chromosomes fail to seperate, and its effect?

Answer 9

• Nondisjunction

- Results in Trisomy 21

Question 10

Where does Fertilisation take place?

Answer 10

Ampulla

Question 11

What happens in the Cleavage Stage?

Answer 11

-Morula is cleaved and undergoes mitosis

form> Blastocyst

Question 12

What is Gastrulation?

Answer 12

Formation of X3 germ layers in embryo

‘G’-Germ

Question 13

Name the X3 Germ layers Layers formed in Gastrulation

Answer 13

• Ectoderm (outside)
• Mesoderm (middle)
• Endoderm- (inner)

Question 14

What happens during the Formation of a Body Plane?

Answer 14

-Embryonic Folding

Question 15

What is Organogenesis?

Answer 15

• Formation of organs and Organ Systems

- Develops through fetal period

Question 16

What X3 things occur during Fetal Period?

Answer 16

• Growth and weigh gain
• Sexual Differentiation -genitals form etc.
• Tissue matures and becomes functional

Question 17

Name some Primary Processes involved in Embryogenesis.

Answer 17

• Cell division
• Differentiation
• Cell Attachment
• Apoptosis
• Induction-one group inducts development of another group of cells
• Cellular Migration- movement of location

Question 18

Name X3 Secondary Processes.

Answer 18

• Axis Formation-X3 germ layers
• Embryo 3D form
• Complex Organ Systems form

Question 19

What does Gastrulation allow for to be formed?

Answer 19

-Axis Formation

Question 20

Name X2 Types of Expression Controls in Embryogenesis.

Answer 20

• Gene Expression

- Preferential Expression-interaction of genes and environment

Question 21

What is Epigenetics?

Answer 21

-Environmental Control