Medical Embryology Flashcards
Name all X6 Embryogenesis Stages
1) Gametogenesis-
2) Fertilisation-
3) Cleavage-
4) Gastrulation-
5) Formation of Axial Body Planes
6) Organogenesis-
What is Gametogenesis?
-Gamete Formation via Meiosis
Name the two processes in Gametogenesis.
- Spermatogenesis
- Oogenesis
When does Oogenesis process start and end?
Starts- Fetal Development
Ends- Menopause
What is an Oocyte and when is it released?
- A cell in the ovary that undergoes Meiosis to form an ovum/egg-female gamete
- Once Graafian Follicle has matured and Oocyte released
What is Spermatogenesis?
-Production of male gamete-sperm
When does Spermatogenesis start and how does rate change with time?
Starts-Puberty
-Spermatogenesis rate decreases with age
What is Fertilisation?
-Egg and sperm fuse fo form zYGOTE
What Is the name for when chromosomes fail to seperate, and its effect?
- Nondisjunction
- Results in Trisomy 21
Where does Fertilisation take place?
Ampulla
What happens in the Cleavage Stage?
-Morula is cleaved and undergoes mitosis
form> Blastocyst
What is Gastrulation?
Formation of X3 germ layers in embryo
āGā-Germ
Name the X3 Germ layers Layers formed in Gastrulation
- Ectoderm (outside)
- Mesoderm (middle)
- Endoderm- (inner)
What happens during the Formation of a Body Plane?
-Embryonic Folding
What is Organogenesis?
- Formation of organs and Organ Systems
- Develops through fetal period
What X3 things occur during Fetal Period?
- Growth and weigh gain
- Sexual Differentiation -genitals form etc.
- Tissue matures and becomes functional
Name some Primary Processes involved in Embryogenesis.
- Cell division
- Differentiation
- Cell Attachment
- Apoptosis
- Induction-one group inducts development of another group of cells
- Cellular Migration- movement of location
Name X3 Secondary Processes.
- Axis Formation-X3 germ layers
- Embryo 3D form
- Complex Organ Systems form
What does Gastrulation allow for to be formed?
-Axis Formation
Name X2 Types of Expression Controls in Embryogenesis.
- Gene Expression
- Preferential Expression-interaction of genes and environment
What is Epigenetics?
-Environmental Control
