medical conditions Flashcards
angina
reversible narrowing of coronary arteries therefore reduced blood flow to heart
can be stable (pain on exercise) or unstable (spontaneous pain)
heart failure - high output vs low output
output of heart cant meet body demands
high - system demands outweigh heart capacity e.g anaemia
low - heart failing as a pump
valve disease
either stenosis - narrowing or incompetence
both see poor/ disordered blood flow between heart chambers
infective endocarditis
infection of endocardium usually including valves
oral streptococci are main species implicated
penia suffix
reduced numbers
anaemia
decreased haemoglobin
thrombophilia
hypercoagulability
inherited bleeding disorders - what is affected ?
e.g haemophilia , von williebrands
affect coagulation ability
leaukemia
blood cancer affecting blood and bone marrow
lymphoma
blood cancer affecting lymph nodes
hodgkins and non hodgkins
emphysema
destruction of alveoli therefore decreased surface area so decreased gas exchange
copd
chronic bronchitis (inflammation) and emphysema (destruction of alveoli) together
cystic fibrosis
excess sticky mucous affecting body secretions
hiatus hernia
portion of stomach passed through diaphragm
risk of acid in oesophagus
peptic ulcer disease
painful sores in stomach lining due to excess acid or poor mucosal protective barrier
coeliac disease
gluten intolerant
may seee malabsorption due to villius atrophy
pernicious anaemia
failure to absorb vit b12
crohns
inflammation of GIT
whole tract affected
ulcerative collitis
inflammation of lower end of GIT
jaundice
accumulation of billirubin in circulation/skin
gives yellow appearance to skin and sclera of eyes
liver failure consequences
decreased clotting factors, plasma proteins
no first pass metabolism , haem metabolism and less detoxification
hyperthyroidism
increased metabolism
sweaty , moist skin , weight loss , increased blood pressure
hypothyroidism
decreased metabolism
dry skin , weight gain , delayed reflexes
cushings syndrome
cortisol excess
