Medical & Collagen Terms Flashcards
What is Immunomodulation?
Immunomodulation is modulation (regulatory adjustment) of the immune system.
What are the two forms of immunomodulation?
1) Natural and
2) Human-induced
What is the natural form of immunomodulation?
Homeostasis. It is the immune system, whereby the system self-regulates to adjust immune responses to adaptive rather than maladaptive levels (using regulatory T cells, cell signaling molecules, and so forth).
What is the human-induced form of immunomodulation?
Immunotherapy. The immune responses are induced, amplified, attenuated, or prevented according to therapeutic goals.
What is a mandatory requisite for allogeneic transplantation?
Low cellular immunogenicity.
Immunogenicity is defined as the ability of cells/tissues to provoke an immune response and is generally considered to be an undesirable physiological response. Immunogenicity is key to a successful and safe biopharmaceutical drug development program. Therapeutic Antibodies, enzyme therapies, peptides and combination products can elicit an immune response that may impact their safety and efficacy.
What is an allogeneic stem cell transplantation?
(A-loh-jeh-NAY-ik stem sel TRANZ-plan-tay-shun) An allogeneic stem cell transplant uses healthy blood stem cells from a donor to replace bone marrow that’s not producing enough healthy blood cells. An allogeneic stem cell transplant is also called an allogeneic bone marrow transplant. A donor may be a family member, an acquaintance or someone you don’t know. It is most often used to treat blood cancers, such as leukemia and lymphoma, and certain types of blood or immune system disorders.
Complete the blanks in this sentence: “The therapeutic utility of the WJ-MSCs is strictly associated with their ___________ and _____________ potential.
Regenerative & immunomodulatory.
What are the two primary immune functions of MSCs?
1) immune suppression &
2) immune avoidance
This makes MSCs optimal candidates for cellular therapies in allogeneic transplantations.
Appx how many different proteins are in the human body?
20,000
Which protein dominates more than any other?
Collagen.
Without collagen, what would happen to our cells?
Our cells would simply collapse in on themselves, our skeleton and blood vessels would disintegrate and we would be little more than blobs of shapeless tissues.
What percent of the collagen in the human body is type I collagen?
90%
What are the two most important functions collagen provides to our skin?
1) Strength &
2) Elasticity
When is collagen most abundant in our bodies?
From childhood through our early 20’s.
What happens to our bodies between the ages twenty (20) and thirty (30)?
The body slowly begins to naturally produce less and less collagen with every subsequent year of our lives, with consequences that drive the aging process, both internally and externally.
What happens to our existing supply of collagen when the collagen supply we have is not being refreshed as rapidly as they should?
The existing collagen picks up more and more damage.
What does this damage contribute to?
1) Appearance of wrinkles & 2) Over time, our joints, muscles and bones slowly become stiffer, saggier and frailer.
According to Phesi, a data analytics company, when they ran an analysis of collagen clinical trials from what what year onwards was what % related to cosmetics?
1) 2010 &
2) 5%
