Medical And Surgical Asepsis

Question 1

3 Levels of Microbial Dilution

Answer 1

1. Simple Cleanliness-proper cleaning, dusting,linen and hand hygiene
2. Disinfection-destruction of pathogens by using chemical materials
3. Sterilization-treating items with heat,gas, or chemical to make them germ free

Question 2

Antiseptic Vs. Disinfectant

Answer 2

• Substance that tends to inhibit the growth and reproduction of micro organisms
• Liquid chemical applied to objects to eliminate many or all pathogenic micro organisms

Question 3

What is Medical Asepsis?

Answer 3

-reducing the probability of infectious organisms being transmitted to a susceptible individual

Question 4

What is Microbial Dilution?

Answer 4

Process of reducing the total number of organisms

Question 5

What is surgical asepsis?

Answer 5

Complete destruction of all organisms and spores from equipment used to perform patient care procedures

-lumbar punctures,catheterization and injections

Question 6

What is Sterile Conscious?

Answer 6

An awareness of sterile technique and the responsibility for telling the person in charge whenever you contaminate a field or observe the contamination by someone else

Question 7

What is the sterile corridor?

Answer 7

The area between the patient drags and instrument table is maintained

Question 8

Unrestricted OR Zone?

Answer 8

Persons may enter in street clothes

Question 9

Semi-restricted OR Zone?

Answer 9

Only persons dressed in scrub clothing with hair and shoe covers on may enter

Question 10

Restricted OR Zone?

Answer 10

Only persons wearing scrub suits, hair coverings, shoe coverings and masks are allowed

Question 11

What is a sterile field?

Answer 11

A microorganism free area prepared for the use of sterile supplies and equipment

Question 12

Purpose of Surgical Scrub?

Answer 12

Remove as many micro organisms as possible from the skin of the hands and lower arms by mechanical and chemical means.

Question 13

What are the 5 methods of sterilization?

Answer 13

1. Chemical
2. Dry Heat
3. Conventional Gas
4. Gas Plasma Technology
5. Autoclaving

Question 14

Chemical sterilization

Answer 14

Immersion and soaking of objects in a bath of germicidal solution followed by a sterile water rinse
-Effectiveness depends on solution strength and temperature and immersion time
PROS-used for objects that can’t go in autoclave, effective at destroying microorganisms but not spores
CONS-difficult to control

Question 15

Dry Heat Sterilization

Answer 15

Over
PROS-sterilizes some sharp instruments, certain powders, and greasy substances
CONS-times varies at a temperature range of 165-170 degrees

NOT COMMON

Question 16

Conventional Gas

Answer 16

-used for items that would be damaged by high temps are usually sterilized with a mixture of gas
PROS-used primarily for electrical, plastic, rubber items and optical ware
CONS-gases are poisonous, aeration is a slow process

Question 17

Gas Plasma Technology

Answer 17

PROS-safer method of sterilizing heat and moisture safe items, uses very low heat and moisture, kills microorganisms and spores
CONS- cannot sterilize instruments that have long, narrow, lumina
Not for powders, liquids

Question 18

Autoclaving

Answer 18

Provides steam sterilization under pressure

PROS- most common, cheap and quick, most convenient for items that can withstand heat and moisture

Question 19

What is the purpose of Skin Preparation?

Answer 19

Purpose is to remove as many microorganisms as ossicle by mechanical and chemical means to reduce the potential for infection.

Question 20

2 Methods of Skin Preparation

Answer 20

1. Mechanical

2. Chemical

Question 21

Mechanical Skin Preparation

Answer 21

Removal of hair and always a friction scrub with antiseptic soap and water

Question 22

Chemical Skin Preparation

Answer 22

Preformed after mechanical prep

Destroys some of the remaining microbes and acts as a deterrent to further microbial growth for a brief period