Medical abbreviations and Diseases Flashcards
Define Asthma
Asthma is a form of bronchial disorder with 3 components: Airway hyper-responsiveness, airway inflammation, and intermittent airway obstruction.
It can be characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscles, wheezing, and dyspnea (SOB)
Define Chronic Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
COPD is a disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction.
aka airway blockage w/breathing related problems.
Define a Pulmonary Embolism
The blockage of the pulmonary artery or one its branches by blood clot
In this case, most likely blocking blood flow to part of the lung (so unoxygenated)
What is Pneumonia?
Pneumonia is a infection of the lungs usually accompanied by inflammation.
What is Aspiration Pneumonitis?
A acute lung injury after the inhalation of regurgitated gastric contents.
what is Lung Abscess
Lung abscesses are the formation of a cavity within the lung which is filled with pus.
Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the lung parenchyma as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other agents.
What is bronchiectasis?
Persistent abnormal dilation (widening) of the bronchi
-leads to mucus buildup which can cause lungs to be vulnerable to infection
What is interstitial Lung disease?
An umbrella term used for a large group of diseases that cause scarring (fibrosis) of the lungs. ‘
Damage of this nature can often worsen over time and potentially be irreversible.
What is Sarcoidosis
An inflammatory disease in which the immune system overreacts , causing clusters of inflamed tissue called “granulomas” to form in different organs of the body.
Most commonly affects the lungs and lymp nodes.
What is Silicosis?
A long term lung disease caused by inhaling large amounts of crystalline silica dust.
What is pulmonary hypertension?
Occurs when pressure in the blood vessels leading from the hear to the lungs is too high.
What is obstructive sleep apnea?
When the muscles in the back of your throat relax too much to allow normal breathing.
What is central sleep apnea?
a disorder in which your breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep.
What is a lung carcinoma?
the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, usually related to smoking.
What is the abbreviation for ABG?
arterial blood gases
Measures acidity and levels of O2 and CO2 in the blood from an artery (away from heart).
Tests to see how well lungs are able to move O2 into the blood and remove CO2 from the blood.
