Medic Rec Reviews Flashcards
Terminology week 4-7
leukemia
cancer of the white blood cells
malignant
tending to become worse, possibly cause of death
benign
not life-threatening but usually causes discomfort
melanoma
most serious type of skin cancer
asthma
lung disorder
goiter
overgrown thyroid gland that causes swelling in the neck
endometriosis
for the mucous tissue of the uterus grows outside of the uterus
menopause
end of menstruation
amenorrhea
not having a normal monthly period
mammogram
written examination of the breast
amnesia
loss of memory
anemia
deficiency of red blood cells
transfusion
replacing or replenishing the old blood with new donated blood
referred pain
pain felt at a place different from where the injury or disease occurred
Sciatica
sciatic nerve becomes swollen
quadriplegic
not able to move from the neck down
paraplegic
not able to move from waist down
phobia
abnormal fear of something
sinusitis
inflammation of the hollow area of the nasal cavity under eye
hydroencephalis
abnormal increase in amount of water or spinal fluid in brain
measles
acute highly contagious viral disease that occurs mostly in young children not vaccinated
chicken pox
acute viral infection that gives an itchy rash and bumps on the skin that usually last 2 to 3 weeks
mumps
viral disease where the glands near the neck swell
meningitis
inflammation of the membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord
nausea
sensation leading to the urge to vomit
edema
excessive swelling or accumulation of fluids
cellulitis
condition of the skin where it swells and is very tender and inflamed from bacterial infection
pyogenic
pus producing
abscess
closed pocket containing pus
purulence
condition of the diseased area meaning it contains pus
metastasis
spreading beyond the original place
atrophy
to stop growing
myo cardinal
muscular tissue of the heart
infarction
necrosis or death of a muscle tissue or organ
ischemia
medical condition where there is a decrease or stopped flow of blood
ulceration
inflammatory response found on skin or on internal mucus linings
phlebitis
inflammation or clotted blood in veins
varicose veins
Twisted veins with valves that don’t work
nutrition
supplying nutrients to body
vitamins
substances that must be in the body for proper functioning
toxin
a poison usually produced by a plant, animal bite or a microorganism
cyst
abnormal Sac containing fluid, gas or tissue found in organs of the body
cancer
malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal or uncontrolled cell division
carcinogen
anything that causes or induces cancer
hypothermia
below the normal body temperature
hypertension
high blood pressure
hyperglycemic
too much sugar in the blood
hypoglycemic
deficiency of sugar in the blood
polydactylism
condition of having extra fingers or toes
diarrhea
abnormally frequent discharge of fluid and stool
pneumonia
a disease of the lungs that causes inflammation and irritation
neuroma
a tumor or mass growing from a nerve
bronchitis
inflammation of the air tubes
osteoporosis
weakening of the bones
Prosthetics
a device that replaces a body organ gaining function again
sty
bacterial infection that causes glands of the eyelids to swell from pus build up
chondroma
cartilaginous tumor or growth
cheilotomy
surgical incision into the lips
nasoplasty or rhinoplasty
plastic surgery on nose
laxative
substance that causes the bowels to empty
palliative care treatment
treatment to relieve a lesion, pain or uncomfortable symptoms but not cure the disease
karyotype
collection of DNA in each person
genetic counseling
provides patients with info and advice about inherited diseases
Orthotics
support or correction of weak joints by surgical procedures, braces or support equipment
oral
by way of the mouth
acne
skin condition caused by overactive oil glands and bacterial infection resulting in inflamed pores
eczema
swelling of the outer skin of unknown causes
proctalgia
pain in the rectum
dehiscence
separation of a surgical cut
hemorrhage
large loss of blood in a short period of time
hernia
breakthrough of an organ through a tear in the muscle that surrounds it
hemorrhoid
enlarged vein in the lower rectum caused by blockage in the vein
epilepsy
neurological condition of the brain that causes uncontrolled seizures or movements
halitosis
bad breath
obesity
being significantly overweight
enteritis
inflammation in the intestine
hepatitis
inflammation in the liver
proteins
basic food substance containing nitrogen
genes
units responsible for inheritance
mucus
a thick liquid secreted by mucus glands
esophagogastrostomy
a surgical operation in which a new communication is fashioned between the esophagus and the stomach
dietary
food and beverage a person or animal consumes
shingles
acute infection caused by the herpes zoster virus
delusion
unshakeable belief in something untrue
whiplash
non medical term used to describe neck pain from injury to the soft neck tissue
migraine
severe headache often associated with spots before eyes nausea and vomiting
cornea
transparent membrane on the anterior surface of the eyeball
renal cortex
the outer portion of the kidney
ureter
the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder
urinary bladder
the organ that stores and eliminates urine excreted by the kidney
urinary frequency
a need to urinate often without an increase in average output
cystometrograph
the study of bladder function in which the bladder is filled with fluid or air
hematuria
presence of blood in the urine
abduction
movement away from the midline
adduction
movement towards the midline
rotation
circular movement around an axis
circumduction
circular movement at the far end of a limb
flexion
bending motion that decreases the angle
extension
bending motion that increases the angle
elevation
rising or lifting a body part
depression
lowering a body part
supination
rotating so that the arm or foot is turned forward or upward
pronation
rotating so that the arm or leg is turned downward or backward
alveoli
clusters of air sacs in which the exchange of gases between air and blood take place
colitis
inflammation of the large intestines
diverticulitis
inflammation of diverticuli in the intestine
gastritis
inflammation of the stomach lining
oral cancer
occurs anywhere in the mouth
stomach ulcers
occur when the lining of the stomach breaks down
Cushing’s disease
also known as hypercortisolism. body produces too much cortisol
myxedema
disorder where thyroid gland does not produce adequate amounts of thyroid hormone
strabismus
commonly known as cross-eyed
syringomyelia
disease of the spinal cord
systemic
referring to a condition or disease involving the entire body
hydroxyphenyluria
faulty metabolism of the protein tyrosine
afferent arterioles
group of blood vessels that supply the excretory system
efferent arterioles
group of blood vessels that are part of the urinary tract of organisms
glomerular filtrate
capillary tuft that performs the first step in filtering blood to form urine
nephron
basic structural and functional unit of the kidney
glomerulonephritis
renal disease. inflammation of the small blood vessels in the kidneys
incontinence
fecal - loss of regular control of the bowels
urinary - involuntary leakage of urine
juxtaglomerular
microscopic structure in the kidney which regulates the function of each nephron
macula densa
in the kidney. an area of closely packed specialized cells
micturition
urination
pyelonephritis
ascending urinary tract infection
renal calculi
kidney stones
renal cortex
outer portion of the kidney
renal sinus
cavity within the kidney
cataract
obstructing the passage of light through the lens of the eye
glucoma
disease of the eye
tendon
fibrous band of connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone
ligament
strong band of connective tissue that joins one bone to another
osteoplasty
scraping and removal of damaged bone from a joint
gout
the form of acute arthritis usually beginning in the knee or foot
hammer toe
change in position of the toe joints
multiple myeloma
a cancer of blood-forming cells in bone marrow
hepatic
liver
great cerebal
veins within the brain
prostatic
prostate gland
vesical plexus
bladder and prostate gland
femur
the thigh bone
humerous
arm bone
Atlas
first vertebra lying just beneath the skull
axis
second vertebra in neck
calcaneus
heel bone
anterior jugular
front part of neck
larynx
in neck behind Adam’s apple
bronchial tubes
in chest extending trachea into lungs
cerebrum
upper portion of brain
cerebellum
below cerebrum
pons
below cerebellum
sprain
trauma to a joint involving the ligaments
organ
part of the body with a specific function
cystectomy
surgical removal of all or part of the urinary bladder
Plasma
the liquid portion of the blood
staging
the process of classifying malignant tumors for diagnosis treatment and prognosis
