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Anatomy > Mediastinum > Flashcards

Mediastinum Flashcards

1
Q

What diaphragmatic opening does the greater splanchnic nerve pass through to access the abdominal cavity?

A

Aortic hiatus.

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2
Q

What structure can be used to landmark the phrenic nerve?

A

Anterior to the Anterior Scalene Muscle.

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3
Q

What is the origin of the Phrenic nerve?

A

Ventral nerve roots C3-C5

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4
Q

What is the root/origin of the greater splanchnic nerve?

A

Spinal Levels T5-T9

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5
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the Phrenic nerve?

A

Fibrous Pericardium
Mediastinal Pleura
Diaphragmatic Peritoneum

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6
Q

What is the motor innervation of the Phrenic Nerve?

A

Diaphragm

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7
Q

Which branches arise from the Left Vagus Nerve?

A

Left Recurrent Laryngeal Branches
Anterior Vagal Trunk

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8
Q

What is the motor innervation of the Vagus Nerve?

A

Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles

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9
Q

Does Greater Splanchnic Nerve contain preganglionic or postganglionic neurons?

A

Sympathetic Preganglionic Fibers

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10
Q

Where does the Ascending Aorta originate from?

A

Left Ventricle

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11
Q

What is a branch of the Greater Splanchnic Nerve?

A

Celiac Plexus
Parasympathetic Nerve Contributions

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12
Q

What can be used as a landmark to identify the Vagus Nerve?

A

Posterior to the Root of Lung.

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13
Q

What opening in the Diaphragm does Descending Thoracic Aorta pass through?

A

Aortic Hiatus

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14
Q

What is a sensory innervation of the Greater Splanchnic Nerve?

A

Esophagus
Small Intestine
Liver
Gallbladder
Kidneys
Pancreas
Spleen

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15
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the Greater Splanchnic Nerve?

A

Increased Vasoconstriction of Blood Vessels
Decreased GI motility
Increased conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver
Decreased urinary output

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16
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the Sympathetic Trunk?

A

Increases heart rate
Increases vasoconstriction
Bronchial dilation
Decreases GI motility
Conversion of glycogen into glucose in liver
Decreases urinary output
Contraction of sphincter of bladder
Increases sweat gland secretions

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17
Q

What functional deficit would be observed if Phrenic nerve was lesioned?

A

Weakening or paralysis of the diaphragm=difficulty breathing

18
Q

What is a branch that arises from the Sympathetic Trunk?

A

Cardiopulmonary Splanchnic Nerve
Greater Splanchnic Nerve
Lesser Splanchnic Nerve
Least Splanchnic Nerve
Lumbar Splanchnic Nerve

19
Q

What functional deficit would be observed if Vagus Nerve was lesioned?

A

Increased heart rate
Increased vasoconstriction
Bronchial dilation
Decreased GI motility
Increased conversion of glycogen to glucose in liver
Decreased urinary output

20
Q

What area does the Accessory Hemiazygos Vein drain?

A

Left Superior Superficial Thorax

21
Q

Where does the Hemiazygos Vein drain into?

A

Azygos Vein

22
Q

Where does the Superior Vena Cava drain into?

A

Right Atrium

23
Q

Where does the Posterior Intercostal Vein drain into?

A

Left- Hemiazygos Vein
Right- Azygos Vein

24
Q

What substance is found in the Thoracic Duct?

A

Lymph

25
Q

Where does the Hemiazygos Vein come from?

A

Left Common Iliac Vein
Left Ascending Lumbar Vein
Left Posterior Intercostal Veins

26
Q

What causes the pulmonary bronchi to to dilate?

A

Sympathetic innervation from the Sympathetic Trunk

27
Q

What is a branch/terminal branch of the Common Carotid Artery?

A

Internal Carotid Artery

28
Q

What is the origin of the Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve?

A

Left Vagus Nerve

29
Q

What are the branches of the Right Subclavian Artery?

A

Internal Thoracic Artery
Vertebral Artery
Thyrocervical Trunk, continues at the Axillary Artery

30
Q

What is the sensory innervation of Phrenic Nerve?

A

Fibrous Pericardium
Mediastinal Pleura
Diaphragmatic Peritoneum

31
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the Vagus Nerve?

A

Abdominal Viscera
(Most of the digestive tract, up until the splenic flexure of the large colon.)

32
Q

Where does the Right Subclavian Artery originate from?

A

Brachiocephalic Trunk

33
Q

Does the Vagus Nerve contain pre or postganglionic neurons?

A

Preganglionic Parasympathetic Neurons

34
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve?

A

Larynx below the vocal cords.

35
Q

Which artery does the Posterior Intercostal Artery anastomose with?

A

Anterior Intercostal Artery

36
Q

Which branch arises from the Greater Splanchnic Nerve?

A

Celiac Plexus

37
Q

Where does the Superior Vena Cava come from?

A

Right and Left Brachiocephalic Veins

38
Q

What nerve carries sensory afferent information from the Esophagus?

A

Sympathetic Nerves (which arise from the esophageal plexus)

39
Q

What area does the Azygos Vein drain?

A

Right Superficial Thorax
Right Lumbar Region

40
Q

Where does the Azygos Vein drain into?

A

Posterior aspect of the Superior Vena Cava

41
Q

What is the root/origin of the Greater Splanchnic Nerve?

A

Spinal Levels T5-T9

42
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the Sympathetic Trunk?

A

Thoracic and Abdominal Viscera

Anatomy (4 decks)

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