Mediastinum Flashcards
What diaphragmatic opening does the greater splanchnic nerve pass through to access the abdominal cavity?
Aortic hiatus.
What structure can be used to landmark the phrenic nerve?
Anterior to the Anterior Scalene Muscle.
What is the origin of the Phrenic nerve?
Ventral nerve roots C3-C5
What is the root/origin of the greater splanchnic nerve?
Spinal Levels T5-T9
What is the sensory innervation of the Phrenic nerve?
Fibrous Pericardium
Mediastinal Pleura
Diaphragmatic Peritoneum
What is the motor innervation of the Phrenic Nerve?
Diaphragm
Which branches arise from the Left Vagus Nerve?
Left Recurrent Laryngeal Branches
Anterior Vagal Trunk
What is the motor innervation of the Vagus Nerve?
Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles
Does Greater Splanchnic Nerve contain preganglionic or postganglionic neurons?
Sympathetic Preganglionic Fibers
Where does the Ascending Aorta originate from?
Left Ventricle
What is a branch of the Greater Splanchnic Nerve?
Celiac Plexus
Parasympathetic Nerve Contributions
What can be used as a landmark to identify the Vagus Nerve?
Posterior to the Root of Lung.
What opening in the Diaphragm does Descending Thoracic Aorta pass through?
Aortic Hiatus
What is a sensory innervation of the Greater Splanchnic Nerve?
Esophagus
Small Intestine
Liver
Gallbladder
Kidneys
Pancreas
Spleen
What is the sympathetic innervation of the Greater Splanchnic Nerve?
Increased Vasoconstriction of Blood Vessels
Decreased GI motility
Increased conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver
Decreased urinary output
What is the sympathetic innervation of the Sympathetic Trunk?
Increases heart rate
Increases vasoconstriction
Bronchial dilation
Decreases GI motility
Conversion of glycogen into glucose in liver
Decreases urinary output
Contraction of sphincter of bladder
Increases sweat gland secretions
What functional deficit would be observed if Phrenic nerve was lesioned?
Weakening or paralysis of the diaphragm=difficulty breathing
What is a branch that arises from the Sympathetic Trunk?
Cardiopulmonary Splanchnic Nerve
Greater Splanchnic Nerve
Lesser Splanchnic Nerve
Least Splanchnic Nerve
Lumbar Splanchnic Nerve
What functional deficit would be observed if Vagus Nerve was lesioned?
Increased heart rate
Increased vasoconstriction
Bronchial dilation
Decreased GI motility
Increased conversion of glycogen to glucose in liver
Decreased urinary output
What area does the Accessory Hemiazygos Vein drain?
Left Superior Superficial Thorax
Where does the Hemiazygos Vein drain into?
Azygos Vein
Where does the Superior Vena Cava drain into?
Right Atrium
Where does the Posterior Intercostal Vein drain into?
Left- Hemiazygos Vein
Right- Azygos Vein
What substance is found in the Thoracic Duct?
Lymph
Where does the Hemiazygos Vein come from?
Left Common Iliac Vein
Left Ascending Lumbar Vein
Left Posterior Intercostal Veins
What causes the pulmonary bronchi to to dilate?
Sympathetic innervation from the Sympathetic Trunk
What is a branch/terminal branch of the Common Carotid Artery?
Internal Carotid Artery
What is the origin of the Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve?
Left Vagus Nerve
What are the branches of the Right Subclavian Artery?
Internal Thoracic Artery
Vertebral Artery
Thyrocervical Trunk, continues at the Axillary Artery
What is the sensory innervation of Phrenic Nerve?
Fibrous Pericardium
Mediastinal Pleura
Diaphragmatic Peritoneum
What is the sensory innervation of the Vagus Nerve?
Abdominal Viscera
(Most of the digestive tract, up until the splenic flexure of the large colon.)
Where does the Right Subclavian Artery originate from?
Brachiocephalic Trunk
Does the Vagus Nerve contain pre or postganglionic neurons?
Preganglionic Parasympathetic Neurons
What is the sensory innervation of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve?
Larynx below the vocal cords.
Which artery does the Posterior Intercostal Artery anastomose with?
Anterior Intercostal Artery
Which branch arises from the Greater Splanchnic Nerve?
Celiac Plexus
Where does the Superior Vena Cava come from?
Right and Left Brachiocephalic Veins
What nerve carries sensory afferent information from the Esophagus?
Sympathetic Nerves (which arise from the esophageal plexus)
What area does the Azygos Vein drain?
Right Superficial Thorax
Right Lumbar Region
Where does the Azygos Vein drain into?
Posterior aspect of the Superior Vena Cava
What is the root/origin of the Greater Splanchnic Nerve?
Spinal Levels T5-T9
What is the sensory innervation of the Sympathetic Trunk?
Thoracic and Abdominal Viscera
