Mediastinum

Question 1

Where do vagus nerves arise from

Answer 1

Medulla oblingata in the brain cell

Question 2

Through what do vagus nerves exit skull

Answer 2

Via jugular foramen

Question 3

How does vagus nerve pass lung hilum

Answer 3

Posteriorly

Question 4

How do phrenic nerves descend inferiorly

Answer 4

Via the Anterior scalene muscle

Question 5

How do phrenic nerves enter thorax

Answer 5

Posterior to subclavian vein
Nerve passes anterior to hilum of lung

Question 6

Left phrenic nerve

Answer 6

Descends lateral to ateriole structures
Anterior to hilum of left lung and Pierces dome of left diaphragm to enter into abdomen

Question 7

Right phrenic nerve

Answer 7

Descends lateral to venous structures
Passes anterior to hilum of right lung

Question 8

Where do intercostal muscles arise from

Answer 8

Anterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves t1 to t11

Question 9

What do intercostal muscles supply

Answer 9

Motor and sensory fibres to thoracic , abdominal wall, peritoneum , brachial plexus

Question 10

Order in costal groove

Answer 10

1 intercostal vein is superior
2 intercostal artery is medial
3 intercostal nerve is inferior

Question 11

Atypical intercostal nerves

Answer 11

1(divides into two, one supplying brachial plexus) 2 (supplies axillar), 7-11 (continue into abdominal wall)

Question 12

Mediastinum

Answer 12

Region in thoracic cavity that sits between pleural cavities

Question 13

Middle mediastinum

Answer 13

Not covered by pleura
Boundaries are the fibrous pericardium

Question 14

Trans thoracic plane

Answer 14

Divides superior and inferior mediastinum
T4 level