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CU DPT ANATOMY I > Mediastinum > Flashcards

Mediastinum Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the left phrenic nerve located?

A

Anterior to left lung root

Lateral to ascending aorta and pericardial sac

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2
Q

Where is the right phrenic nerve located?

A

Lateral to superior vena cava and pericardial sac

Anterior to right lung root

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3
Q

Where is the azygos vein?

A

Superior to the right main bronchus

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4
Q

Where is the thoracic aorta?

A

Posterior to the main bronchus and pericardial sac

Left of the vertebral bodies

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5
Q

Where is the Superior Vena Cava

A

Enters the right atria

Right of the ascending aorta

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6
Q

Where is the inferior vena cava?

A

Enters the right atria inferiorly

Right of the descending aorta

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7
Q

Where is the arch of the aorta in the mediastinum?

A

Superior to the pulmonary trunk

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8
Q

Where is the left vagus n?

A

Lateral to the aortic arch

Posterior to the primary bronchus

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9
Q

Where is the right vagus n?

A

Lateral to the trachea
Medial to the arch of the azygos v
Posterior to the right main bronchus

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10
Q

Where is the left recurrent laryngeal n?

A

Posterior to ligamentum arteriosum

Inferior to the arch of the Aorta

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11
Q

Where is the Left Pulmonary a?

A

Superior to Left main bronchus

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12
Q

Where are the left pulmonary vv?

A

Anterior/inferior to main left bronchus

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13
Q

Where is the right pulmonary a?

A

Posterior to the right main bronchus

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14
Q

Where are the right pulmonary vv?

A

Anterior to the right main bronchus

Anterior/Inferior to R pulmonary a

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15
Q

Where is the esophagus?

A

Posterior to trachea

Posterior to the pericardial sac

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16
Q

Where is the thoracic duct?

A

Anterior to the vertebral bodies

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17
Q

Surface differences between the R/L Lung?

A

Right- 3 lobes (superior, inferior, middle), horizontal fissure, oblique fissure, R pulmonary v anterior to bronchi
Left- 2 lobes (sup/inf), oblique fissure, lingula, L pulmonary v superior to bronchi

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18
Q

What structures left an impression on the medial aspect of the right lung?

A

Superior vena cava, esophagus, azygos v, heart

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19
Q

What structures left an impression on the medial aspect of the left lung?

A

Aortic arch, thoracic aorta, esophagus, heart

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20
Q

What is the organization of bronchi in the lung?

A

Trachea branches into main bronchi -> secondary/lobular branches -> segmental bronchi

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21
Q

What is the carina of the trachea

A

The branch point into the two main bronchi that separates them

22
Q

Number of bronchopulmonary segments

23
Q

What is the hilum of the lung

A

surrounds the root of the lung

24
Q

What supplies blood to the lungs so they can function?

A

bronchial arteries off the thoracic aorta

25
What is pleura?
serous membrane that lines the thorax
26
What are the layers of the thoracic pleura and their function?
Visceral- covers organs directly | Parietal- outer covering
27
What are the parietal pleura compartments of the thorax?
cervical, costovertebral, diaphragmatic, mediastinal
28
What are the pleural recesses?
costodiaphragmatic and costomediastinal
29
What is the function of the pleural recesses?
serous fluid accumulation, maintain the tension between parietal and visceral pleura
30
What are the layers of pericardium?
Fibrous- most external serous parietal serous visceral-most intimate with the heart
31
What are the layers of the myocardium?
epicardium- connected to the serous visceral pericardium myocardium endocardium- single cell layer lining atria and ventricles
32
What are the great vessels of the heart?
ascending aorta, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, pulmonary trunk
33
What is the ligamentum arteriosum?
Remnant of the ductus arteriosus | Diverted blood from pulmonary trunk into aortic arch
34
Name surface features of the heart
Apex, right auricle, left auricle, Right atrioventricular/conornary sulcus, anterior interventricular sulcus, posterior interventricular sulcus
35
List the chambers of the heart
R/L atria | R/L Ventricles
36
What is a fetal circulation remnant?
Fossa Ovale->Fossa ovalis | Shunted blood between atria
37
Blow flow through the heart
sup/inf vena cava -> R atrium ->R AV valve -> R Ventricle ->Pulmonary valve -> pulmonary trunk -> pulmonary aa -> lungs -> pulmonary vv -> L atrium -> L AV valve -> L ventricle -> Aortic valve -> aorta -> body
38
Contents of the R Atrium
Crista Terminalis- smooth m at apex of R atrium Coronary sinus opening- where the coronay vv drain into Interatrial Septum R AV opening Pectinate m- ribbed m of wall Foramen Ovale
39
Contents of R Ventricle
``` R AV valve- three cusps Chordae Tendineae 3 Papillary mm- Post, ant, septal Intraventricular Septum Conus Arteriosus- where the pulmonary trunk emerges Pulmonary Valve Trabeculae Carneae- ribbed muscles of the wall Septomarginal Trabecula- moderator band ```
40
Contents of L Atrium
Foramen Ovale Opening to L AV Valve Opening of the 4 pulmonary veins
41
Contents of L Ventricle
``` Aortic Valve Opening 2 papillary muscles chordae tenineae Interventricular septum Trabeculae carneae ```
42
Function of Aortic and Pulmonary semilunar valves
Retrograde blood pressure fills cusps of the valve to force it closed Forces blood into the coronary arteries or from the coronary veins
43
What are auscultation areas?
Areas where the blood carries sound in the direction of flow Aortic- heard near 3rd rib to right of sternum Pulmonary- heard near 3rd rib to left of sternum R AV- near rib 6 on left side of sternum L AV- near ribs 6/7 on the left side
44
Conduction system of Heart
Sinoatrial nodes near SVC in R atrium | An atrioventricular node along the moderator band in R atrium-> branches at bundle of his into R/L ventricular branches
45
Coronary veins
``` Coronary sinus Oblique vein of left ventricle Post vein of left ventricle Great cardiac vein Middle cardiac vein Small cardiac vein ```
46
Start of the coronary sinus
Starts where the oblique vein of the l atrium and great cardiac vein meet
47
Oblique v of left atria
under the left auricle
48
Great cardiac v
Left atrioventrivular sulcus and anterior intraventricular sulcus Runs with Anterior Intraventricular a Anastamose with the middle cardiac v
49
Middle Cardiac v
Runs in the posterior intraventricular sulcus with post intraventricular a Branches off coronary sinus with small cardiac v
50
Small cardiac v
Around the right auricle with the right marginal branch of R coronary a

CU DPT ANATOMY I (2 decks)

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