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CU DPT ANATOMY I > Mediastinum > Flashcards

Mediastinum Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the left phrenic nerve located?

A

Anterior to left lung root

Lateral to ascending aorta and pericardial sac

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2
Q

Where is the right phrenic nerve located?

A

Lateral to superior vena cava and pericardial sac

Anterior to right lung root

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3
Q

Where is the azygos vein?

A

Superior to the right main bronchus

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4
Q

Where is the thoracic aorta?

A

Posterior to the main bronchus and pericardial sac

Left of the vertebral bodies

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5
Q

Where is the Superior Vena Cava

A

Enters the right atria

Right of the ascending aorta

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6
Q

Where is the inferior vena cava?

A

Enters the right atria inferiorly

Right of the descending aorta

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7
Q

Where is the arch of the aorta in the mediastinum?

A

Superior to the pulmonary trunk

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8
Q

Where is the left vagus n?

A

Lateral to the aortic arch

Posterior to the primary bronchus

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9
Q

Where is the right vagus n?

A

Lateral to the trachea
Medial to the arch of the azygos v
Posterior to the right main bronchus

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10
Q

Where is the left recurrent laryngeal n?

A

Posterior to ligamentum arteriosum

Inferior to the arch of the Aorta

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11
Q

Where is the Left Pulmonary a?

A

Superior to Left main bronchus

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12
Q

Where are the left pulmonary vv?

A

Anterior/inferior to main left bronchus

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13
Q

Where is the right pulmonary a?

A

Posterior to the right main bronchus

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14
Q

Where are the right pulmonary vv?

A

Anterior to the right main bronchus

Anterior/Inferior to R pulmonary a

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15
Q

Where is the esophagus?

A

Posterior to trachea

Posterior to the pericardial sac

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16
Q

Where is the thoracic duct?

A

Anterior to the vertebral bodies

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17
Q

Surface differences between the R/L Lung?

A

Right- 3 lobes (superior, inferior, middle), horizontal fissure, oblique fissure, R pulmonary v anterior to bronchi
Left- 2 lobes (sup/inf), oblique fissure, lingula, L pulmonary v superior to bronchi

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18
Q

What structures left an impression on the medial aspect of the right lung?

A

Superior vena cava, esophagus, azygos v, heart

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19
Q

What structures left an impression on the medial aspect of the left lung?

A

Aortic arch, thoracic aorta, esophagus, heart

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20
Q

What is the organization of bronchi in the lung?

A

Trachea branches into main bronchi -> secondary/lobular branches -> segmental bronchi

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21
Q

What is the carina of the trachea

A

The branch point into the two main bronchi that separates them

22
Q

Number of bronchopulmonary segments

A

10

23
Q

What is the hilum of the lung

A

surrounds the root of the lung

24
Q

What supplies blood to the lungs so they can function?

A

bronchial arteries off the thoracic aorta

25
Q

What is pleura?

A

serous membrane that lines the thorax

26
Q

What are the layers of the thoracic pleura and their function?

A

Visceral- covers organs directly

Parietal- outer covering

27
Q

What are the parietal pleura compartments of the thorax?

A

cervical, costovertebral, diaphragmatic, mediastinal

28
Q

What are the pleural recesses?

A

costodiaphragmatic and costomediastinal

29
Q

What is the function of the pleural recesses?

A

serous fluid accumulation, maintain the tension between parietal and visceral pleura

30
Q

What are the layers of pericardium?

A

Fibrous- most external
serous parietal
serous visceral-most intimate with the heart

31
Q

What are the layers of the myocardium?

A

epicardium- connected to the serous visceral pericardium
myocardium
endocardium- single cell layer lining atria and ventricles

32
Q

What are the great vessels of the heart?

A

ascending aorta, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, pulmonary trunk

33
Q

What is the ligamentum arteriosum?

A

Remnant of the ductus arteriosus

Diverted blood from pulmonary trunk into aortic arch

34
Q

Name surface features of the heart

A

Apex, right auricle, left auricle, Right atrioventricular/conornary sulcus, anterior interventricular sulcus, posterior interventricular sulcus

35
Q

List the chambers of the heart

A

R/L atria

R/L Ventricles

36
Q

What is a fetal circulation remnant?

A

Fossa Ovale->Fossa ovalis

Shunted blood between atria

37
Q

Blow flow through the heart

A

sup/inf vena cava -> R atrium ->R AV valve -> R Ventricle ->Pulmonary valve -> pulmonary trunk -> pulmonary aa -> lungs -> pulmonary vv -> L atrium -> L AV valve -> L ventricle -> Aortic valve -> aorta -> body

38
Q

Contents of the R Atrium

A

Crista Terminalis- smooth m at apex of R atrium
Coronary sinus opening- where the coronay vv drain into
Interatrial Septum
R AV opening
Pectinate m- ribbed m of wall
Foramen Ovale

39
Q

Contents of R Ventricle

A 
R AV valve- three cusps
Chordae Tendineae
3 Papillary mm- Post, ant, septal
Intraventricular Septum
Conus Arteriosus- where the pulmonary trunk emerges
Pulmonary Valve
Trabeculae Carneae- ribbed muscles of the wall
Septomarginal Trabecula- moderator band
40
Q

Contents of L Atrium

A

Foramen Ovale
Opening to L AV Valve
Opening of the 4 pulmonary veins

41
Q

Contents of L Ventricle

A 
Aortic Valve Opening
2 papillary muscles
chordae tenineae
Interventricular septum
Trabeculae carneae
42
Q

Function of Aortic and Pulmonary semilunar valves

A

Retrograde blood pressure fills cusps of the valve to force it closed
Forces blood into the coronary arteries or from the coronary veins

43
Q

What are auscultation areas?

A

Areas where the blood carries sound in the direction of flow
Aortic- heard near 3rd rib to right of sternum
Pulmonary- heard near 3rd rib to left of sternum
R AV- near rib 6 on left side of sternum
L AV- near ribs 6/7 on the left side

44
Q

Conduction system of Heart

A

Sinoatrial nodes near SVC in R atrium

An atrioventricular node along the moderator band in R atrium-> branches at bundle of his into R/L ventricular branches

45
Q

Coronary veins

A 
Coronary sinus
Oblique vein of left ventricle
Post vein of left ventricle
Great cardiac vein
Middle cardiac vein
Small cardiac vein
46
Q

Start of the coronary sinus

A

Starts where the oblique vein of the l atrium and great cardiac vein meet

47
Q

Oblique v of left atria

A

under the left auricle

48
Q

Great cardiac v

A

Left atrioventrivular sulcus and anterior intraventricular sulcus
Runs with Anterior Intraventricular a
Anastamose with the middle cardiac v

49
Q

Middle Cardiac v

A

Runs in the posterior intraventricular sulcus with post intraventricular a
Branches off coronary sinus with small cardiac v

50
Q

Small cardiac v

A

Around the right auricle with the right marginal branch of R coronary a

CU DPT ANATOMY I (2 decks)

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