Media terms

Question 1

Cultural Blueprint

Answer 1

Brands use this to integrate themselves into our culture and position the product with an ‘idealised life’.

Question 2

What is Media

Answer 2

the main means of mass communication

Question 3

Ideology

Answer 3

the beliefs or values that are common sense- cover social contradiction in hegemony

Question 4

Communication + Medium + Reciever

Answer 4

linear model of communication, Laswell and Shannon

Question 5

Semiotics

Answer 5

Study of signs, signifiers and signified- reliant on shared cultural codes

Question 6

Algorithmic culture

Answer 6

The use of machine learning systems to recommend and a society the lives to inform algorithms.

Question 7

The “work” of being watched

Answer 7

Being watched generates value through metadata. When users put their lives on media platforms or when users submit reviews

Question 8

Labour Theory of Value

Answer 8

labour always produces a surplus of value that generate profit for someone else

Question 9

Immaterial jobs

Answer 9

Immaterial labour refers to labour that requires not only material and mechanical skills like operating a machine, but also skills and abilities connected with our intellect, identity, imagination, and values

Question 10

Mass journalism

Answer 10

Mass journalism refers to media outlets that aim to reach a broad, general audience. It includes newspapers, television news, and online platforms that target the general public.

Question 11

Elite journalism

Answer 11

Elite journalism refers to media outlets that are considered high-quality, authoritative sources of news and analysis.

Question 12

Government at a distance

Answer 12

A method of governance where authorities exert control and influence indirectly, using policies, standards, technologies, and incentives to shape behaviours and outcomes without direct intervention

Question 13

Collaborative filtering

Answer 13

A recommendation system technique that suggests items to users based on the preferences and behaviours of similar users.

Question 14

false consciousness

Answer 14

The concept where media perpetuates the dominant ideology, leading individuals to adopt beliefs and values that maintain existing power structures and obscure their own exploitation.

Question 15

disavowal

Answer 15

individuals acknowledge certain realities or truths but simultaneously deny their significance or impact, often to avoid discomfort or cognitive dissonance.

Question 16

Hegemony

Answer 16

A set of ideas, practices and values taken as common sense

Question 17

Encoding/Decoding Theory

Answer 17

1) Dominate
2) Negotiated
3) Resistant

Question 18

Signs

Answer 18

The image or the word

Question 19

Signifiers

Answer 19

The actual image

Question 20

Signified

Answer 20

The idea or concept we associate with the sign

Question 21

Platforms

Answer 21

A method to deliver media to an audience

Question 22

Participatory culture

Answer 22

a culture in which media consumers are able to annotate, comment on, remix, and otherwise respond to culture.

Question 23

Audiences

Answer 23

A group of individuals who consume media information

Question 24

Relations Identities

Answer 24

Who we are makes sense only because of another.

Question 25

Brands/ Brand Culture

Answer 25

Social processes to integrate into our social lives and identities.

Question 26

Social Identity

Answer 26

How we build ourselves with influence from society.

Question 27

Cultural resources

Answer 27

Elements from a culture that media producers use to create content, including symbols, narratives, traditions, and practices that reflect and shape societal values and identities.

Question 28

The “work” of watching

Answer 28

Consuming media that shapes our identities and integrates brands into our lives.

Question 29

Labour in media

Answer 29

labour is the main source of value in capitalist societies

Question 30

What is meaning

Answer 30

A persons interpretation of a piece of media

Question 31

Mass culture industry

Answer 31

The mass production and dissemination of cultural products, such as movies, music, and television shows, designed to appeal to large audiences and driven by commercial interests.

Question 32

Content based filtering

Answer 32

A recommendation system technique that suggests items to users based on the features and attributes of items they have previously liked or interacted with

Question 33

Platform capitalism

Answer 33

Platform capitalism is an economic system where digital platforms—such as Amazon, Uber, and Facebook—dominate the market by leveraging network effects, data collection, and user engagement to create and capture value.

Question 34

Connotation

Answer 34

The broader meaning of the sign

Question 35

Denotation

Answer 35

The literal meaning of the sign

Question 36

Life cycle of platforms

Answer 36

Inception, Growth, Maturity, Saturation, Decline or Renewal

Question 37

How do brands claim to be meaningful and ethical

Answer 37

Ethical consumptions makes us feel responsible for social and economic injustice in the world, and is marketed towards consumers values

Question 38

Similarities and differences of media platforms to mass media

Answer 38

media platforms focus on interaction and audiences whereas mass media focuses on broadcasting information and is a one way source.

Question 39

Culture industry

Answer 39

The culture industry refers to the sector of the economy that produces and distributes cultural goods and services, such as music, film, television, literature, and art. This concept, introduced by theorists Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer, critiques the mass production and commodification of culture, arguing that it leads to standardized, homogenized content designed to maximize profit rather than promote genuine creativity or individuality.

Question 40

How is meaning made and controlled

Answer 40

Meaning in media refers to how messages, values, and ideas are constructed, conveyed, and interpreted through various forms of media, including television, film, news, social media, and advertising. This process is influenced by both the creators of media content and the audiences who consume it.

Question 41

Control and exercise of power through meaning.

Answer 41

The control and exercise of power through meaning refer to how media and communication systems shape, manipulate, and influence public perception, opinions, and behaviours by constructing and disseminating specific meanings and narratives.

Question 42

The concept of representation in media

Answer 42

Representation in media refers to how individuals, groups, events, and ideas are portrayed, depicted, or presented in various forms of media, such as television, film, advertising, and news. It encompasses the selection, framing, and portrayal of subjects, influencing how audiences perceive and understand the world around them.

Question 43

Relationship between representation and power.

Answer 43

It highlights how dominant groups control and shape representations to maintain authority, while marginalized groups may challenge and resist these representations to reclaim agency and visibility.

Question 44

Role of information and communication in global capitalism

Answer 44

how media and communication technologies facilitate the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services on a global scale, contributing to the expansion and consolidation of capitalist systems worldwide.

Question 45

Impact of algorithms on cultural lives

Answer 45

how algorithmic systems used by digital platforms influence and shape the production, distribution, and consumption of cultural content, impacting individual experiences, social interactions, and cultural practices.

Question 46

The labour of audience

Answer 46

being a fan, ubiquitous listening, debating a text

Question 47

Identities’ role in meaning circulation and power dynamics

Answer 47

refers to how individual and collective identities, shaped by factors such as race, gender, sexuality, and class, influence the creation, dissemination, and reception of meaning within society, consequently impacting power relations and social hierarchies.

Question 48

Power dynamics in news making.

Answer 48

Power dynamics in news making refer to the complex interplay of influences, interests, and hierarchies that shape the selection, framing, and presentation of news stories by media organizations

Question 49

Discourse

Answer 49

refers to the ways in which language, communication, and representations construct and convey meaning within a specific socio-cultural context. It encompasses not only the words and images used but also the underlying ideologies, power dynamics, and social norms that shape how information is produced, interpreted, and circulated within media texts.

Question 50

Unsupervised algorithmic culture

Answer 50

Unsupervised approach recognise recurring patterns from the latent properties of input data: text, colour, animals, food, audio, images (pixel grouping) only possible because of vast data created by users.- platforms use this approach but it does not share our cultural codes

Question 51

Supervised Algorithmic culture

Answer 51

Supervised approach trains algorithm to recognise pre-defined features: humans are need to label the data and the machine learning process learns