Media

Question 1

What did poulos conclude?

Answer 1

He concluded that children will imitate altruistic behaviour when it’s explicitly modelled, when they are shown the exact steps for pro social behaviour

Question 2

What did mares say?

Answer 2

He said pro social behaviour is more likely to be learnt only if they are shown the exact steps for positive behaviour

Question 3

what did poulos find?

Answer 3

He found that when children watched lassie vs a neutral programme, they were more likely to help puppies in distress.

Question 4

When is imitation most likely to occur according to bandura?

Answer 4

If the observer can identify with the model, if the context in which behaviour is observed is realistic and if the model is rewarded

Question 5

When is repetition of the behaviour likely?

Answer 5

Repetition is likely if the individual receives direct reinforcement (maintenance)

Question 6

Who proposed that pro social behaviour in the media activate pro social thoughts in the media

Answer 6

Berkowitz

Question 7

What was Berkowitz theory called?

Answer 7

The cognitive priming theory

Question 8

How do TV programmes active other pro social thoughts?

Answer 8

Through there association in memory pathways

Question 9

What does the cognitive priming theory say about what happens after viewing a pro social act?

Answer 9

The viewer is primed to respond pro stoically as gherkin memory network involving pro social behaviour has been activated

Question 10

What happens when a child is frequently exposed to pro social behaviour?

Answer 10

It may lead a child to store scripts for pro social behaviour in their memories which may be recalled later on

Question 11

When will the stored “scripts” be recalled ?

Answer 11

If any aspect of the original situation is present

Question 12

How many seconds did the lassie group spend with the distressed puppies

Answer 12

60 seconds

Question 13

Who found a positive correlation between children who watched pro social sit coms and helpful behaviour

Answer 13

Rosenkoetter

Question 14

How old was poulos sample?

Answer 14

6 years old

Question 15

Who conducted a meta meta analysis of over 1000 studies?

And what did they find?

Answer 15

Hearold, he found that pro social media affected not

Question 16

Describe the baron et al study?

Answer 16

He randomly allocated children between 3-7 to either one of 3 clips of the waltons.
Group one saw cooperative behaviour
The second group saw non cooperative behaviour
The third group saw a neutral clip

Question 17

What did barons findings show?

Answer 17

Barons findings showed that children are most likely to help someone in need after watching pro-social acts, as

Question 18

What did barons findings show?

Answer 18

Barons finding showed that children are most likely to help others in need after watching pro social acts, as children in group 1 were more responsive to a man dropping a pile of books than group two.

Question 19

Other than cognitive priming and social learning what else can explain anti social behaviour and media influence

Answer 19

Desensitisation theory

Question 20

What is desensitisation theory?

Answer 20

This model suggests we suppress our naturally aggressive violent urges because of the anxiety it creates in us. However with more expose of aggression is makes us less sensitive and anxious about these urges, making aggressive behaviour more likely

Question 21

Violence on TV stimulates aggressive behaviour or aggressive thoughts

Answer 21

Aggressive behaviour

Question 22

What did the josephson study conclude?

Answer 22

They concluded that if “cues” that followed aggressive behaviour on TV mirrored aspects of real like, people are likely to behaviour more aggressively

Question 23

What did the josephson study support?

Answer 23

Cognitive priming

Question 24

What did millarskey et al say about TV violence

Answer 24

They said TV violence only accounts for a small amount of aggression

Question 25

Describe the shotton 1989 study

Answer 25

A UK survey on 127 people ego reported being addicted to games for the last 5 years. Shotton compared this to a control group who were non addicts

Question 26

What did shotton find

Answer 26

That those considered addicts were rated highly intelligent motivated, high achieving, and went on to higher education

Question 27

Why does the shotton study lack temporal validity?

Answer 27

She wouldn’t get the same results if conducted now this is most people from any financial income will have a home gaming system however in 1989 only the wealthy did, this suggests why the sample were highly educated, high achieving etc.

Question 28

What are the two explanations of how television had influenced personal and social attitudes over time

Answer 28

The cultivation theory

Uses and gratification theory

Question 29

Describe the cultivation theory

Answer 29

This theory suggests that television is responsible for shaping viewers conceptions of social reality.

Question 30

What did gerbner argue?

Answer 30

Gerbner argued that the mass media cultivate attitudes and values which are already present in a culture.

Question 31

Describe what gerbner meant by the mainstreaming effect

Answer 31

He argued that television tends to cultivate middle of the road political perspectives … This is what he called mainstreaming

Question 32

Who proposed the uses and gratification theory

Answer 32

Blumler and Katz

Question 33

Describe the uses and gratification model?

Answer 33

The theory suggests that the users play a key role in choosing and using the media, they take part in the communication process. This approach shifts the emphasis of what the media does to people to what do active audience members do with the media

Question 34

What does blumler and Katz say about about the communication process of the users

Answer 34

They state users play an active roll in the communication process and they are goal orientated with the media they choose and use media which best fulfills their personal needs

Question 35

What can the uses model be used for that other models cannot?

Answer 35

It can be used to evaluate the other models

Question 36

How can the SLT be used to explain how individuals become attracted to a celeb

Answer 36

It states that people are attracted to the rewards the celebrity receives for their behaviour. The celeb acts as an role model, if the celeb is reinforced for their behaviour then the individual is vicariously reinforced. The imitation appears to be the attraction of the celeb

Question 37

Name the other social-psychological explanation of celeb attraction

Answer 37

Paradoxical interaction