Med Terms Flashcards by Megan Olsen

acute

new onset

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chronic

long standing, previously diagnosed

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intermittent

completely resolves at times, but returns repeatedly

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transient

resolving spontaneously after onset, resolving after a short time

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afebrile

without fever

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auscultation

to listen with a stethoscope

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cachectic

extremely skinny / malnourished

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disheveled

appearing untidy, unkept, dirty, or disorganized; usually used to describe a homeless person

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hemorrhage

excessive bleeding

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hypertension

elevated blood pressure, >130/80

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hypotension

low blood pressure, <90/60

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hyperglycemia

elevated blood sugar, >100

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hypoglycemia

low blood sugar

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hypo/hyperkalemia

low/high potassium

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hypo/hypernatremia

low/high sodium

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ischemia

lack of blood supply to a localized area of the body

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infart

area of dead tissue, caused by prolonged ischemia

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malaise

generally unwell feeling; ex: “I just don’t feel good”

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sepsis/septic

dangerous infection present in the bloodstream

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somnolent

appearing drowsy

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normocephalic / atraumatic (ATNC)

no evidence of external abnormality

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battle sign

bruising behind the ears

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cephalgia

headache

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fontanel

feature “soft spot” on infants skull

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EOMI

extra ocular muscles intact

diplopia

double vision

nystagmus

involuntary "shaking" eye movements

photophobia

sensitivity to light; ex: migraine exacerbated by light

hemotympanum

blood behind the ear drum

otalgia

ear pain

otitis media

middle ear infection (most common in children)

tympanic membrane (TM)

ear drum

epistaxis

nosebleed

rhinorrhea

nasal discharge, "runny nose"

angioedema

swelling inside the oral cavity; tongue, lips, etc.

dentalgia

dental pain

pharyngeal erythema

redness of the throat/pharynx

tonsillar exudate

pus on the tonsils

trismus

instability to fully open mouth, jaw stiffness

lymphadenopathy

enlarged lymph nodes

meningismus

neck stiffness (symptom of meningitis)

paraspinal

either side of the vertebra, opposite of midline

thyromegaly

enlarged thyroid

atrial fibrillation (Afib)

abnormal heart rhythm; ex: irregularly irregular rhythm on pex

arrhythmia

abnormal heart rhythm

bradycardia

slow heart beat, <60 bpm

cardiomegaly

enlarged heart

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

blood clot in the leg

murmur

abnormal heart sound, rated on scale 1-6

NSTEMI

non ST segment evolution MI

pulse

radial, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedis (DP), posterior tibial (PT)

STEMI

St elevation MI, this ST elevation is seen on EKG

tachycardia

fast heart rate, >100 bpm

COPD

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

hemoptysis

coughing up blood

pulmonary embolism (PE)

blood clot of the lung

tachypnea

fast breathing, increased respiratory rate

pneumonia (PNA)

infection of the lung, characterized by "infiltrate" seen on a chest XR

appendectomy

surgical removal of the appendix

cholecystitis

inflammation/infection of the gallbladder

cholelithiasis

gallstones

cholecystectomy

surgical removal of the gallbladder

cirrhosis

liver disease

dysphagia

difficulty swallowing

emesis

vomiting

hematemesis

vomiting blood

hematochezia

red blood in stool

melena

black "tarry" stool

organomegaly

enlarged organ

small bowel obstruction (SBO)

obstruction of small intestine

dysuria

painful urination

ectopic pregnancy

egg developing outside of uterus, life threatening condition

frequency

frequent urination

GPA

gravid: total number of pregnancies para: total # of live births abortion: total #, spontaneous and elective

hematuria

blood in urine

nephrolithiasis

kidney stone/renal calculi

pyelonephritis

infection of the kidney, UTI

retention

inability to urinate

urgency

repetitive urge to urinate, urinating in small amounts frequently

Homan's sign

calf tenderness indication possible DVT

malleolus

prominence on either side of ankle, lateral vs medial

sciatica

compressed nerve in lower back causing pain radiating down the leg

diaphoresis

inappropriate sweating

ecchymosis

bruising

edema

skin swelling due to underlying fluid

erythema/erythematous

redness

lymphadenopathy

enlarged lymph node

pallor

pale

urticaria

hives

ataxia

loss of coordination

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

stroke (ischemic vs hemorrhagic)

dysphasia

difficulty understanding or generating speech, difficulty putting words together

glasgow coma scale (GCS)

scale used to measure a person's level of consciousness (GCS 15 = normal)

oriented x 3

oriented to person, place, and time

paresthesia

abnormal sensation described as numbness/tingling

post-ictal

state of decreased responsiveness or confusion after a seizure

syncope

fainting, "passing out"

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

stroke symptoms that resolve spontaneously, "mini stroke"

vertigo

dizziness described as room spinning sensation