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med term perf tech 3 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

p50

A

hemoglobin p50, the partial pressure of oxygen where hemoglobin is 50% sat with oxygen, normally about 27mmHg

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2
Q

PA

A

pulmonary artery

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3
Q

PAC

A

premature atrial conctration

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4
Q

PaO2

A

the partial pressure exerted by O2 dissolved in arterial plasma and RBC water, (in the venous blood - PvO2)

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5
Q

PFO

A

patent foramen ovale

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6
Q

PaCO2

A

the partial pressure exerted by CO2 dissolved in arterial plasma and RBC water, (in the venous blood - PvCO2)

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7
Q

pCO2

A

The partial pressure (tension) exerted by CO2 in mmHg. The respiratory
component. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is
produced by metabolism and carried by the
blood to the lungs where it diffuses into the alveoli and is eliminated by exhaled breath. The amount of CO2 dissolved in the blood is measured by the partial pressure it exerts and is reported in mmHg. When CO2 dissolves in H2O it combines to form H2CO2 (carbonic acid) the most important acid in the body.
The [H2CO2] is directly proportional to the CO2 dissolved in the blood (paCO2)
and the paCO2 is a measurement of the ventilation status of the patient.
Therefor the paCO2 is known as the respiratory
component of the acid-base
balance. As with pH, the body maintains the pCO2 within strict limits. The normal pCO2 is 35-45 mmHg with a mean of 40 mmHg.

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8
Q

PCWP

A

pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

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9
Q

PDA

A
  1. patent ductus arteriosus

2. posterior descending artery

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10
Q

PE

A
  1. pulmonary embolus
  2. pulmonary edema
  3. peripheral edema
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11
Q

PTCA

A

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; compression of an athromatous
lesion by inflating an intracoronary balloon catheter to dilate the vessel

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12
Q

PERLA

A

pupils equal and reactive to light and accommodation

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13
Q

Perfusion

A
  1. flowing over or through;
  2. blood flow through the organs and tissues of the body;
  3. the profession of the study and implementation of blood flow through an
    extracorporeal circuit for life support
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14
Q

perfusion scan

A

a test to determine the status of blood flow to an organ

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15
Q

perfusion balloon angioplasty

A

a variation of PTCA in which a catheter is inserted in the artery that permits
blood flow during balloon inflation

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16
Q

perfusion technologist

A

perfusionist; the health professional educated to operate the heart lung
machine and other life support devices

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17
Q

peri-

A

surrounding, around

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18
Q

pericardium

A

the tough non-elastic membrane surrounding the heart that attached to the
great vessels and other anatomical
structures in the mediastinum

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19
Q

pericarditis

A

inflamation of the pericardium

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20
Q

pH

A

the inverse log of the hydrogen ion activity; a measure of the alkalinity or
acidity of the blood or solution on a 14
point scale with 1 being acidic and
14 being alkaline. The body normally maintains the [H+] and therefor the pH
within very strict limits. Normal pH is 7.35-7.45 with a mean of 7.40.

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21
Q

PH2 O

A

water vapor pressure, the partial pressure exerted by the presence of water
vapor

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22
Q

phagocyte

A

a white blood cell that engulfs and destroys foreign organisms and debris in
the blood

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23
Q

pharmacologic stress test

A

a test of heart function during intentional

drug-induced stress

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24
Q

pH stat

A

ventilation scheme where the total CO2 increases as the temperature falls and
the temperature corrected ABG
appears normal. So called because the
temperature-corrected, actual blood pH equals 7.40 during all temperatures of CPB

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25
Q

PI

A

pulmonary insufficiency

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26
Q

PICU

A

pediatric intensive care unit

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27
Q

PJC

A

premature junctional contractions

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28
Q

pK

A

a constant that describes the rate or degree to which a chemical reaction goes to completion, depending on temperature and pH

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29
Q

plasma free hemoglobin

A

hemoglobin released from dying or damaged red blood cells

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30
Q

plasma

A

the acellular, colorless liquid portion of the blood

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31
Q

plasmin

A

the substance found in the blood that digests fibrin resulting in clot dissolution

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32
Q

plasminogen

A

the precursor to plasmin that is activated by tissue plasminogen activator (TPA)

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33
Q

platelet

A

thrombocyte

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34
Q

PND

A

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

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35
Q

pO2

A

partial pressure of oxygen; Oxygen is used by the body as a metabolic
substrate to produce energy. A constant
supply of oxygen is needed to maintain
living tissue. 21% of the air we breath is oxygen and at sea level it exerts a pO2 of ~159 mmHg. The air is taken into lungs with each inhalation and moved into the alveoli where the pO2 is
~100 mmHg. The O2 diffuses into the blood
and dissolves in the plasma where it exerts a pO2 of ~95 mmHg. In normal arterial blood with a pO2 of ~95 mmHg the blood is ~98% saturated with oxygen.
The oxygen is carried to the tissue by the blood and by the time the venous blood returns to the lungs it has a pO2 of ~40 mmHg and is ~75% saturated. The paO2 is assessed on the ABG to provide a measure of the arterial oxygenation.

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36
Q

poikilothermic

A

cold blooded; heterothermic; animals whose body temperature changes with the
environment

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37
Q

polycythemia

A

a serious condition characterized by too many red blood cells in the
circulation

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38
Q

pooled platletes

A

platelets collected from multiple donors and mixed together for use in transfusion

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39
Q

post-MI angina

A

angina occurring from 1 to 60 days after an acute MI

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40
Q

PR interval

A

ECG PR segment, interval of time between the P wave and the R wave on the ECG

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41
Q

prime (pump)

A
  1. to fill the extracorporeal circuit with fluid;
  2. the fluid that is required to initially fill and debubble the extracorporeal circuit before connection to the patient’s vascular system
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42
Q

prinzmetal’s angina

A

variant angina, a clinical syndrome of rest pain and reversible ST-segment
elevation without subsequent enzyme
evidence of acute MI. In some patients,
the cause of this syndrome appears to be coronary vasospasm alone
often at the site of an insignificant coronary plaque, but a majority of patients with
variant angina have angiographically significant CAD

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43
Q

PS

A

pulmonary valvular stenosis

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44
Q

PT

A

prothrombin time, protime

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45
Q

PTCA

A

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

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46
Q

PTT

A

partial thromboplastin time

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47
Q

Pulmonary

A

referring to the lung or the bicuspid valve separating the right ventricle and
the pulmonary artery to prevent back
flow into the ventricular during diastole

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48
Q

pulmonary edema

A

condition, usually acute, but sometimes chronic, where fluid builds up in the lungs. This often occurs as a response to left ventricular failure in ischemic heart disease, hypertension, or aortic valve disease

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49
Q

pulmonary atresia

A

small or undeveloped pulmonary valve

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50
Q

pulmonary insufficiency

A

pulmonary valvular incompetence; back flow or regurgitation of flow through the pulmonary valve during ventricular diastole

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51
Q

pulmonary stenosis

A

pulmonary valvular stenosis; narrowing of the normal area of the pulmonary valve
causing a pressure drop across
the valve during left ventricular systole

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52
Q

pump

A
  1. the blood propulsion device included in the extracorporeal circuit to replace the left ventriclar function
  2. slang for the heart
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53
Q

pump tech

A
  1. slang for the technologist that is a perfusionist
  2. a technician that is responsible for operating heart lung machine during surgery
  3. a member of the ‘pump team
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54
Q

PV

A

pulmonary valve

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55
Q

PVC

A

premature ventricular contraction

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56
Q

PVD

A

peripheral vascular disease

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57
Q

PVR

A
  1. pulmonary vascular resistance; resistance to the flow of blood through the pulmonary vascular beds
  2. peripheral vascular resistance; resistance to the flow of blood through the peripheral vascular beds
  3. pulmonary valve repair, or replacement; open heart surgery to repair or replace a diseased pulmonary valve with a prosthesis or artificial heart valve
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58
Q

QIP

A

quality improvement process

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59
Q

radionuculide test

A

A diagnostic test in which a radioactive substance is injected into the bloodstream and the emitted radioactivity is detected by a scanner; used to visualize the heart and vessels

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60
Q

RBBB

A

right bundle branch block

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61
Q

RCA

A

right coronary artery

62
Q

renal

A

kidney

63
Q

renal failure

A

failure of the kidney to cleanse the blood causing the build up of waste products in the blood

64
Q

respiration

A

the chemical processes that occur at the tissue cellular level converting oxygen and water to heat, ATP and carbon dioxide

65
Q

respiratory acidosis

A

an abnormal physiological process in which there is a primary reduction in alveolar ventilation relative to the rate of CO2 production. Reflected by a high pCO2 and low pH. (pCO2 greater than 45 mmHg) Treat by increasing ventilation

66
Q

respiratory alkalosis

A

an abnormal physiological process in which there is a primary increase in the rate of alveolar ventilation relative to the rate of CO2 production. Reflected by a low pCO2 and high pH. (pCO2 less than 35 mmHg) Treat by decreasing ventilation.

67
Q

re-stenosis

A

he recurrence of a stenosis

68
Q

retrograde

A

against the normal direction of flow

69
Q

revascularization

A

restoration, to the extent possible, of normal blood flow to the myocardium by surgical or percutaneous means or with removal or reduction of an obstruction as occurs when CABG or PTCA is performed

70
Q

RH

A

relative humidity

71
Q

Rh

A

rhesus heart monkey factor

72
Q

RIMA

A

right internal mammary artery

73
Q

RISC

A

Research Group on Instability in Coronary Artery Disease

74
Q

Risk

A

high, intermediate, and low risk in this guideline refer to the probability of future adverse cardiac events, particularly death or MI

75
Q

RITA

A

Randomized Intervention Treatment of Angina

76
Q

RM

A

Right Main Coronary Artery

77
Q

RRR

A

regular rate and rhythm

78
Q

RVH

A

right ventricular hypertrophy

79
Q

Rx

A

therapy of treatment

80
Q

SA node

A

sinoatrial node

81
Q

SBP

A

systolic blood pressure

82
Q

SCOPA

A

South Carolina Organ Procurement Agency

83
Q

sed. rate

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

84
Q

SEM

A

systolic ejection murmur

85
Q

SGOT

A

serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST)

86
Q

SGPT

A

serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase

87
Q

shock

A

acute peripheral circulatory failure due to derangement of circulatory control or loss of circulating fluid, marked by hypotension, coldness of skin, usually
tachycardia, and often anxiety; decreased cardiac output

88
Q

sinus node

A

bundle of excitatory tissue found in the right atrium that functions as the pacemaker of the heart

89
Q

Sinus of Valsalva

A

the portion of the aortic root just distal to the aortic valve containing the coronary ostia

90
Q

sO2

A

percent saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen, in the arterial blood-SaO2, in
the venous blood-SvO2

91
Q

solubility

A

the ability of a gas to dissolve into plasma and RBC water

92
Q

S tach

A

sinus tachycardia

93
Q

stenosis

A

norrowing or blockage of a coronary artery

94
Q

STICU

A

surgical trauma intensive care unit

95
Q

sublingual

A

beneath the tongue

96
Q

supraventricular arrhythmia

A

an irregular heart beat that originates in the atria or AV node

97
Q

SV

A

stroke volume

a device placed in an vessel to keep it open, coronary stent

98
Q

SVC

A

superior vena cava

99
Q

SVG

A

saphenous vein graft

100
Q

SVO2

A

mixed venous oxygen saturation

101
Q

SVR

A

MAP-CVP/CO

102
Q

SV tach

A

supraventricular tachycardia

103
Q

systole

A

referring to period of time during contraction of the ventricle

104
Q

TAPVR

A

total anomalous pulmonary venous return

105
Q

TEE

A

transesophogeal echocardiography, a doppler echocardiographic transducer is inserted in the esophogus to visualize the lungs, heart and great vessels

106
Q

technician

A

person skilled in a field or process

107
Q

technologist:

A

a person who applies scientific knowledge in a specialized field or process

108
Q

temperature correction

A

The mathematical process to correct for the physical changes that pH, pO2,
pCO2 go through when a blood sample is warmed or cooled in vitro during
analysis.
tetralogy of fallot (TOF):
congenital heart condition
characterized by; 1. over riding aorta, 2. VSD, 3.
RV outflow tract obstruction and, 3. PDA, if ASD is present the condition is called a “pentology of fallot”

109
Q

TGA

A

transportation of the great arteries

110
Q

thesbian veins

A

the small veins terminating into the right sided chambers of the heart draining the right coronary circulation of the heart

111
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

abnormal decrease in number of the blood platelets

112
Q

thrombocyte

A

platelet; the small, disc shaped enucleated body found in the blood that
initiates the coagulation process

113
Q

thrombolytic therapy

A 
Pharmacologic treatment with a class of drugs that can break up fibrin blood
clots
114
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot, blood that has gone from a liquid state to a gel to stop bleeding

115
Q

tricuspid atresia

A

small of undeveloped tricuspid valve

116
Q

TI

A

tricuspid insufficiency

117
Q

TM

A

thrombolysis in myocardial infarction

118
Q

TIA

A

transient ischemic attack

119
Q

TOF

A

tetrology of Fallot

120
Q

total CO2 content

A

consists of HCO3-, H2CO3, and dissolved CO2 (pCO2). (Since CO2 and H2CO3 are
interchangable) total CO2 = dissolved CO2 gas + HCO3-. or total CO2 = HCO3-+(0.03 * pCO2). (The CO2 solubility coefficient, 0.03, converts pCO2 in
mm/L to meq/L) In normal plasma, more than 95% of the total CO2 is contributed by HCO3-, the other 5% by dissolved CO2 and H2CO3

121
Q

TPA

A

tissue plasminogen activator; a substance that converts plasminogen to plasmin to dissolve clot

122
Q

TR

A

tricuspid regurgitation

123
Q

trans-

A

across or through

124
Q

transcutaneous

A

through the skin

125
Q

transfusion

A

the injection of whole blood or blood products into the blood stream

126
Q

transvenous pacemaker

A

cardiac pacemaker using a pacing electrode or wire passed through a vein into the chambers of the heart that stimulates and maintains a normal heart rate;may be permanent or temporary

127
Q

triage

A

screening and classification of sick, wounded, or injured persons to determine
priority of need and proper place of treatment

128
Q

TS

A

tricuspid stenosis; stenosis of the tricuspid valve

129
Q

tunica

A

in anatomy, a general term for a membrane or other structure covering or
lining a body part or organ
t. adventitia the outer coat of various tubular structures including blood
vessels
t. intima the innermost coat of a blood vessel
t. media the middle coat of a blood vessel

130
Q

UAC

A

umbilical artery catheter

131
Q

UO

A

urine output

132
Q

ultrafiltration

A

the separation of

fluid and electrolytes from the blood by seiving across a porous membrane

133
Q

unstable angina

A

angina or chest pain that occurs at rest, new onset of pain with exertion, or
pain that has accelerated (more
frequent, longer in duration, or lower in
threshold)

134
Q

VA

A

verterans administration

135
Q

VAD

A

ventricular assist device, blood propulsion devices or ECCs to assist the
failing right or left ventricles

136
Q

valvuloplasty

A

surgical repair of a cardiac valve

137
Q

valvuloplasty

A

to make an incision into a diseased and stenosed cardiac valve to increase the valve area

138
Q

variant angina

A

prinzmetal’s angina, a clinical syndrome of rest pain and reversible
ST-segment elevation without subsequent
enzyme evidence of acute MI. In some patients, the cause of this syndrome appears to be coronary vasospasm alone often at the site of an insignificant coronary plaque, but a majority of patients with variant angina have
angiographically significant CAD

139
Q

vasa vasorum

A

the small blood vessels providing nutrient blood flow to large arteries and veins

140
Q

vascular

A

pertaining to blood vessels or indicative of a copious blood supply

141
Q

vasoconstrict

A

the arterioles decrease in diameter restricting blood flow to an organ or
portion of the body

142
Q

vasodilate

A

the arterioles increase in diameter all owing more blood flow

143
Q

vena cava

A

the large vein(s) collecting the venous return from the head, neck and shoulders (superior vena cava) and the legs and gut (inferior vena cava) draining into the right atrium of the heart

144
Q

ventilation

A

the movement of gas in and out of the lungs to facilitate blood oxygenation and carbon dioxide removal

145
Q

ventriculography

A

a procedure for visualization of ventricles of the heart by x-ray after
injection of a radio opaque contrast dye

146
Q

V fib

A

ventricular fibrillation

147
Q

Von Willebrand Disease

A

coagulation disorder caused by lack of or non functional Von Wille brand Factor

148
Q

VWF

A

Von Willebrand Factor

149
Q

WNL

A

within normal limits

150
Q

XC

A

cross clamp

151
Q

xenograft

A

tissue taken from another species, treated and implanted

152
Q

Y Connector

A

bifurcation junction resembling alphabet “Y” used for dividing or merging the flow through two pieces of tubing

medical term perf tech 3 (1 decks)

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