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Medical Terminology > Med-term Final > Flashcards

Med-term Final Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Ballooning and weakening of an artery

A

Aneurysm

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2
Q

Development of new of blood vessels

A

Angiogenesis

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3
Q

Surgical repair of a coronary artery

A

Angioplasty

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4
Q

Yellow plaque build up in the arteries

A

Atherosclerosis

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5
Q

Narrowing of the caliber of an artery

A

Arteriostenosis

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6
Q

Slow heart rate

A

Bradycardia

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7
Q

pertaining to the heart

A

Cardiac

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8
Q

Doctor who specializes in treatment of heart disease

A

Cardiologist

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9
Q

Disease of the heart muscle

A

Cardiomyopathy

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10
Q

Bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen

A

Cyanosis

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11
Q

Sweating profusely

A

Diaphoresis

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12
Q

Drug that induces perspiration to lower blood pressure

A

Diaphoretic

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13
Q

Medication that increases urine output to lower blood pressure and fluid volume

A

Diuretic

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14
Q

Ultrasound of the heart

A

Echocardiography

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15
Q

Inner lining of the heart

A

Endocardium

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16
Q

High blood pressure

A

Hypertension

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17
Q

Loss of circulation to an area

A

Ischemia

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18
Q

Abnormal sound in the heart

A

Murmur

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19
Q

Discomfort while breathing lying down flat

A

Orthopnea

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20
Q

Inflammation and swelling of the sac surrounding the heart

A

Pericarditis

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21
Q

Contraction phase of the heart

A

Systole

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22
Q

Narrowing of the blood vessels

A

Vasoconstriction

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23
Q

Widening of the blood vessles

A

Vasodilation

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24
Q

PH below 7

A

Acid

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25
Q

To stick together or clump

A

Agglutinate

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26
Q

Plasma protein that keeps fluid in the blood stream

A

Albumin

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27
Q

Decreased number of circulating red blood cells

A

Anemia

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27
Q

PH above 7; Base

A

Alkaline

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28
Q

blood clot, air bubble, piece of tumor, or any other substance in the blood stream

A

Embolus

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29
Q

Process of formation of red blood cells occurring in the red bone marrow

A

Erythropoiesis

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30
Q

Bruise

A

Hematoma

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31
Q

Protein in the blood responsible for carrying oxygen

A

Hemoglobin

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32
Q

Breakdown or destruction of red blood cells

A

hemolysis

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33
Q

Plasma protein that forms fiborous mesh that impedes blood flow

A

Fibrin

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34
Q

Makes up major blood proteins

A

Globulins

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35
Q

Specialist concerned with the treatment of blood disease

A

Hematologist

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36
Q

Deficiency of coagulation factor

A

Hemophilia

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37
Q

Escape of blood inside or outside the body

A

Hemorrhage

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38
Q

The stoppage of the flow of blood

A

Hemostasis

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39
Q

Condition where vast numbers of malignant white blood cells are produced

A

Leukemia

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40
Q

Monocyte that leaves the blood stream

A

Macrophage

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41
Q

Movement of molecules through a membrane equalizing the concentration on both sides

A

Osmosis

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42
Q

Specialist that puncture a vein to draw blood

A

Phlebotomist

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43
Q

Blood cell that plays a role in the clotting of blood

A

Platelet

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44
Q

Liquid found in clotted blood; does not contain clotting factors

A

Serum

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45
Q

Blood clot attached to the inner lining of the vessel

A

Thrombus

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46
Q

Transfer of donated blood into the recipient

A

Transfusion

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47
Q

Any substance that causes an allergic reaction

A

Allergen

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48
Q

Severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction

A

Anaphylaxis

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49
Q

Foreign substance capable of triggering an immune response

A

Antigen

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50
Q

Class of drugs used to treat symptoms of allergies

A

Antihistamine

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51
Q

Condition in which the immune system attacks its own body

A

Autoimmune

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52
Q

A substance or process that kills cells

A

cytotoxic

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53
Q

Antibody

A

Immunoglobulin

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54
Q

Drug that keep the immune system in check

A

Immunosuppression

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55
Q

Disease of the lymph nodes

A

Lymphadenopathy

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56
Q

Localized, non-pitting fluid retention due to a compromised immune system

A

Lymphedema

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57
Q

Poisonous

A

Toxic

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58
Q

Substance that stimulates the production of protective antibodies against a disease

A

Vaccine

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59
Q

Tiny air sacs at t he end of the bronchioles

A

Alveoli or Alveolus

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60
Q

Temporary cessation of breathing, especially during sleep

A

Asthma

61
Q

Action of listening to the heart, lungs, etc. with a stethoscope

A

Auscultation

62
Q

Drug that causes widening of the bronchi, typically for asthma

A

Bronchodilator

63
Q

Major air passages of the lungs which diverge from the windpipe

A

Bronchi

64
Q

Progressive disease involving damage to the walls of the air sacs

A

Emphysema

65
Q

Nosebleed

A

Epistaxis

66
Q

Cough or spit up phlegm from the throat or lungs

A

Expectorate

67
Q

Vomiting blood

A

Hemoptysis

68
Q

Deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues

A

Hypoxia

69
Q

Insertion of a tube into a patients body such as a ventilation tube into the trachea

A

Intubatino

70
Q

Area between the lungs

A

Mediastinum

71
Q

Striking of an object against another with force

A

Percussion

72
Q

Serous membranes lining the thorax and enveloping the lungs

A

Pleura

73
Q

Surgical removal of a lung or part of a lung

A

Pneumonectomy

74
Q

Relating to or affecting the act of breathing

A

Respiratory

75
Q

Relating to or affecting the act of breathing

A

Respiratory

76
Q

Instrument for measuring the air capacity of the lungs

A

Spirometer

77
Q

Needle inserted into pleural space in between the lungs and the chest wall to remove fluid

A

Thoracentesis

78
Q

Pertaining to the chest

A

Thoracic

79
Q

Infectious bacterial disease characterized by the growth of nodules in the lungs

A

Tuberculosis

80
Q

Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body

A

Abduction

81
Q

Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body

A

Adduction

82
Q

Needle aspiration of sample of fluid from a joint

A

Arthrocentesis

83
Q

Pain in a joint

A

Arthralgia

84
Q

Painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints

A

Arthritis

85
Q

The surgical reconstruction or replacement of a joint

A

Arthroplasty

86
Q

Procedure for diagnosing and treating joint problems

A

Arthroscopy

87
Q

Decrease in muscle mass due to extended immobility

A

Atrophy

88
Q

Relating to the rib joints that connect the ribs to the vertebrae

A

Costovertebral

89
Q

The shaft of a long bone

A

Diaphysis

90
Q

Growth plate

A

Epiphyseal Plate

91
Q

Chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and fatigue

A

Fibromyalgia

92
Q

Sudden, painful attack due to deposits or uric acid crystals in the joint fluid

A

Gouty Arthritis

93
Q

Enlargement of an organ or tissue

A

Hypertrophy

94
Q

Situated between the ribs

A

Intercostal

95
Q

Disease with progressive weakness and degeneration of skeletal muscles

A

Muscular dystrophy

96
Q

Bone cell

A

Osteocyte

97
Q

The formation of bone

A

Osteogenesis

98
Q

Inflammation of bone usually due to infectin

A

Osteomyelitis

99
Q

Condition in which bones become brittle and fragile

A

Osteoporosis

100
Q

Lateral curvature of the spine

A

Scoliosis

101
Q

Condition marked by intermittent muscular spasms

A

Tetany

102
Q

Small bones forming the back bone

A

Verebrae

103
Q

The ability of the eye to change its focus from far to near and near to far

A

Accommodation

104
Q

Imperfection in the curvature of the eye that causes blurred vision

A

Astigmatism

105
Q

Pertaining to hearing

A

Auditory

106
Q

A clouding of the lens of the eye

A

Cataracts

107
Q

Earwax

A

Cerumen

108
Q

Inflammation of the transparent membrane that lines the eyelid

A

Conjuntivitis

109
Q

Hollow structure that extends from the middle ear to the pharynx

A

Eustachian tubes

110
Q

Abnormally high pressure in the eye damages the optic nerve

A

Glaucoma

111
Q

Disease that destroys sharp central vision

A

Macular degeneration

112
Q

Nearsightedness

A

Myopia

113
Q

Incision of the eardrum to allow discharge of pus from the middle ear

A

Myringotomy

114
Q

Inflammation of the middle usually from bacterial infection

A

Otitis media

115
Q

Farsightedness typically occurring in middle and old age

A

Presbyopia

116
Q

Ringing of the ear

A

Tinnitus

117
Q

Loss of balance

A

Vertigo

118
Q

Overproduction of corticosteroid hormones causing obesity and high blood pressure

A

Cushing syndrome

119
Q

Elevated levels of glucose in blood and urine from abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates

A

Diabetes Mellitus

120
Q

The branch of medicine concerned with endocrine glands and hormones

A

Endocrinology

121
Q

Abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs

A

Exophthalmos

122
Q

Abnormal growth from excess growth hormone during childhood

A

Giantism

123
Q

Swelling of the neck resulting from enlargement of the thyroid gland

A

Goiter

124
Q

Swelling of neck and protrusion of eyes resulting from an overactive thyroid

A

Graves disease

125
Q

Excessive growth of dark coarse hair in a male-like pattern in women

A

Hirsutism

126
Q

Regulatory substance in tissue fluids that stimulates specific cells into action

A

Hormone

127
Q

High blood sugar

A

hyperglycemia

128
Q

overactivity of the thyroid gland resulting in an increased rate of metabolism

A

Hyperthyroidism

129
Q

Low blood sugar

A

Hypoglycemia

130
Q

Low activity of thyroid gland resulting in retardation of physical and mental growth

A

Hypothyroidism

131
Q

Habitual psychologic and physiologic dependence on a substance or practice

A

Addiction

132
Q

Distress caused by fear

A

Anxiety

133
Q

Pathologic fear of being trapped in a confined space

A

Claustrophobia

134
Q

State of needing someone or something

A

Dependence

135
Q

A person who believes that a minor symptom indicates a severe disease

A

Hypochondriac

136
Q

Inability to sleep

A

Insomnia

137
Q

Mood disorder with hyperactivity, irritability, and rapid speech

A

Mania

138
Q

Self-love; person interprets everything purely in relation the themselves

A

Narcissism

139
Q

Pathological fear or dread

A

Phobia

140
Q

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

A

Psychology

141
Q

Mental disorder where thought is so impaired that contact is lost with reality

A

Psychosis

142
Q

Pertaining to disorders of body usually resulting from disturbances of the mind

A

Psychosomatic

143
Q

Severe mental disorder affects the way a person things, acts, and perceives reality

A

Schizophrenic

144
Q

The capacity to become accustomed to a stimulus or a drug

A

Tolerance

145
Q

The study of the social, mental, and physical aspects of aging

A

Gerontology

146
Q

Chronic, progressive, irreversible loss of the minds intellectual functions

A

Dementia

147
Q

Person who demonstrates a variety of conditions occurring in old age

A

Senility

148
Q

Unfavorable response to medical treatment caused by the treatment itself

A

Iatrogenic

149
Q

Care that relieves symptoms and pain without curing

A

Palliative care

150
Q

Most common form of dementia

A

Alzheimer disease

151
Q

Medical specialty that deals with the problems of old age

A

Geriatrics

Medical Terminology (4 decks)

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