Med-term Final Flashcards
Ballooning and weakening of an artery
Aneurysm
Development of new of blood vessels
Angiogenesis
Surgical repair of a coronary artery
Angioplasty
Yellow plaque build up in the arteries
Atherosclerosis
Narrowing of the caliber of an artery
Arteriostenosis
Slow heart rate
Bradycardia
pertaining to the heart
Cardiac
Doctor who specializes in treatment of heart disease
Cardiologist
Disease of the heart muscle
Cardiomyopathy
Bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen
Cyanosis
Sweating profusely
Diaphoresis
Drug that induces perspiration to lower blood pressure
Diaphoretic
Medication that increases urine output to lower blood pressure and fluid volume
Diuretic
Ultrasound of the heart
Echocardiography
Inner lining of the heart
Endocardium
High blood pressure
Hypertension
Loss of circulation to an area
Ischemia
Abnormal sound in the heart
Murmur
Discomfort while breathing lying down flat
Orthopnea
Inflammation and swelling of the sac surrounding the heart
Pericarditis
Contraction phase of the heart
Systole
Narrowing of the blood vessels
Vasoconstriction
Widening of the blood vessles
Vasodilation
PH below 7
Acid
To stick together or clump
Agglutinate
Plasma protein that keeps fluid in the blood stream
Albumin
Decreased number of circulating red blood cells
Anemia
PH above 7; Base
Alkaline
blood clot, air bubble, piece of tumor, or any other substance in the blood stream
Embolus
Process of formation of red blood cells occurring in the red bone marrow
Erythropoiesis
Bruise
Hematoma
Protein in the blood responsible for carrying oxygen
Hemoglobin
Breakdown or destruction of red blood cells
hemolysis
Plasma protein that forms fiborous mesh that impedes blood flow
Fibrin
Makes up major blood proteins
Globulins
Specialist concerned with the treatment of blood disease
Hematologist
Deficiency of coagulation factor
Hemophilia
Escape of blood inside or outside the body
Hemorrhage
The stoppage of the flow of blood
Hemostasis
Condition where vast numbers of malignant white blood cells are produced
Leukemia
Monocyte that leaves the blood stream
Macrophage
Movement of molecules through a membrane equalizing the concentration on both sides
Osmosis
Specialist that puncture a vein to draw blood
Phlebotomist
Blood cell that plays a role in the clotting of blood
Platelet
Liquid found in clotted blood; does not contain clotting factors
Serum
Blood clot attached to the inner lining of the vessel
Thrombus
Transfer of donated blood into the recipient
Transfusion
Any substance that causes an allergic reaction
Allergen
Severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction
Anaphylaxis
Foreign substance capable of triggering an immune response
Antigen
Class of drugs used to treat symptoms of allergies
Antihistamine
Condition in which the immune system attacks its own body
Autoimmune
A substance or process that kills cells
cytotoxic
Antibody
Immunoglobulin
Drug that keep the immune system in check
Immunosuppression
Disease of the lymph nodes
Lymphadenopathy
Localized, non-pitting fluid retention due to a compromised immune system
Lymphedema
Poisonous
Toxic
Substance that stimulates the production of protective antibodies against a disease
Vaccine
Tiny air sacs at t he end of the bronchioles
Alveoli or Alveolus
Temporary cessation of breathing, especially during sleep
Asthma
Action of listening to the heart, lungs, etc. with a stethoscope
Auscultation
Drug that causes widening of the bronchi, typically for asthma
Bronchodilator
Major air passages of the lungs which diverge from the windpipe
Bronchi
Progressive disease involving damage to the walls of the air sacs
Emphysema
Nosebleed
Epistaxis
Cough or spit up phlegm from the throat or lungs
Expectorate
Vomiting blood
Hemoptysis
Deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues
Hypoxia
Insertion of a tube into a patients body such as a ventilation tube into the trachea
Intubatino
Area between the lungs
Mediastinum
Striking of an object against another with force
Percussion
Serous membranes lining the thorax and enveloping the lungs
Pleura
Surgical removal of a lung or part of a lung
Pneumonectomy
Relating to or affecting the act of breathing
Respiratory
Relating to or affecting the act of breathing
Respiratory
Instrument for measuring the air capacity of the lungs
Spirometer
Needle inserted into pleural space in between the lungs and the chest wall to remove fluid
Thoracentesis
Pertaining to the chest
Thoracic
Infectious bacterial disease characterized by the growth of nodules in the lungs
Tuberculosis
Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body
Abduction
Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body
Adduction
Needle aspiration of sample of fluid from a joint
Arthrocentesis
Pain in a joint
Arthralgia
Painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints
Arthritis
The surgical reconstruction or replacement of a joint
Arthroplasty
Procedure for diagnosing and treating joint problems
Arthroscopy
Decrease in muscle mass due to extended immobility
Atrophy
Relating to the rib joints that connect the ribs to the vertebrae
Costovertebral
The shaft of a long bone
Diaphysis
Growth plate
Epiphyseal Plate
Chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and fatigue
Fibromyalgia
Sudden, painful attack due to deposits or uric acid crystals in the joint fluid
Gouty Arthritis
Enlargement of an organ or tissue
Hypertrophy
Situated between the ribs
Intercostal
Disease with progressive weakness and degeneration of skeletal muscles
Muscular dystrophy
Bone cell
Osteocyte
The formation of bone
Osteogenesis
Inflammation of bone usually due to infectin
Osteomyelitis
Condition in which bones become brittle and fragile
Osteoporosis
Lateral curvature of the spine
Scoliosis
Condition marked by intermittent muscular spasms
Tetany
Small bones forming the back bone
Verebrae
The ability of the eye to change its focus from far to near and near to far
Accommodation
Imperfection in the curvature of the eye that causes blurred vision
Astigmatism
Pertaining to hearing
Auditory
A clouding of the lens of the eye
Cataracts
Earwax
Cerumen
Inflammation of the transparent membrane that lines the eyelid
Conjuntivitis
Hollow structure that extends from the middle ear to the pharynx
Eustachian tubes
Abnormally high pressure in the eye damages the optic nerve
Glaucoma
Disease that destroys sharp central vision
Macular degeneration
Nearsightedness
Myopia
Incision of the eardrum to allow discharge of pus from the middle ear
Myringotomy
Inflammation of the middle usually from bacterial infection
Otitis media
Farsightedness typically occurring in middle and old age
Presbyopia
Ringing of the ear
Tinnitus
Loss of balance
Vertigo
Overproduction of corticosteroid hormones causing obesity and high blood pressure
Cushing syndrome
Elevated levels of glucose in blood and urine from abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates
Diabetes Mellitus
The branch of medicine concerned with endocrine glands and hormones
Endocrinology
Abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs
Exophthalmos
Abnormal growth from excess growth hormone during childhood
Giantism
Swelling of the neck resulting from enlargement of the thyroid gland
Goiter
Swelling of neck and protrusion of eyes resulting from an overactive thyroid
Graves disease
Excessive growth of dark coarse hair in a male-like pattern in women
Hirsutism
Regulatory substance in tissue fluids that stimulates specific cells into action
Hormone
High blood sugar
hyperglycemia
overactivity of the thyroid gland resulting in an increased rate of metabolism
Hyperthyroidism
Low blood sugar
Hypoglycemia
Low activity of thyroid gland resulting in retardation of physical and mental growth
Hypothyroidism
Habitual psychologic and physiologic dependence on a substance or practice
Addiction
Distress caused by fear
Anxiety
Pathologic fear of being trapped in a confined space
Claustrophobia
State of needing someone or something
Dependence
A person who believes that a minor symptom indicates a severe disease
Hypochondriac
Inability to sleep
Insomnia
Mood disorder with hyperactivity, irritability, and rapid speech
Mania
Self-love; person interprets everything purely in relation the themselves
Narcissism
Pathological fear or dread
Phobia
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Psychology
Mental disorder where thought is so impaired that contact is lost with reality
Psychosis
Pertaining to disorders of body usually resulting from disturbances of the mind
Psychosomatic
Severe mental disorder affects the way a person things, acts, and perceives reality
Schizophrenic
The capacity to become accustomed to a stimulus or a drug
Tolerance
The study of the social, mental, and physical aspects of aging
Gerontology
Chronic, progressive, irreversible loss of the minds intellectual functions
Dementia
Person who demonstrates a variety of conditions occurring in old age
Senility
Unfavorable response to medical treatment caused by the treatment itself
Iatrogenic
Care that relieves symptoms and pain without curing
Palliative care
Most common form of dementia
Alzheimer disease
Medical specialty that deals with the problems of old age
Geriatrics
