Med surge exam 1

Question 1

What is the Hemoglobin test for?

Answer 1

Reflects the amt of hemoglobin available for combination with oxygen. Venous blood is used

Question 2

Hemoglobin normal range

Answer 2

Male= 13.2-17.3 g/dL
Female = 11.7-16.0 g/dL

Question 3

What is the Hematocrit test for?

Answer 3

Test reflects the ratio of red blood cells to plasma.
Increased hematocrit (polycythemia) found in chronic hypoxemia. Venous blood is used

Question 4

What are the normal range for Hematocrit?

Answer 4

Male  = 39-50% (0.30-0.50)
Female = 35 - 37% (0.35 - .47)

Question 5

What is the ABGs test for?

Answer 5

Arterial blood is obtained through puncture of radial or femoral artery or through arterial catheter. Performe to assess acid-base balance, ventilation status, need for O2 therapy, change in O2 therapy or change in ventilator settings.

Question 6

What are the normal Arterial Blood Gas Range for pH?

Answer 6

7.35-7.45 mm Hg

Question 7

ABG normal range for PaO2

Answer 7

80-100 mm Hg *65-75 mm Hg one mile above sea level

Question 8

ABG normal range for SaO2

Answer 8

> 95%

Question 9

ABG normal range for PaCO2

Answer 9

32-48 mm Hg
*respiratory problem
Lower = alkadosis, Higher = acidosis

Question 10

ABC normal range for HCO3

Answer 10

22-36 mEq/L
Lower = (acidocis) Higher = (alkadosis)
*metabolic

Question 11

What are the manifestations for Metabolic Acidosis?

Answer 11

hyperkalemia: shift of acid to ICF and K+ to the ECF
anorexia, nausea, and vomiting
warm, flushed skin
cardiac dysrhythmias & CNS dysfunction
headache, diarrhea, tremors

Question 12

What are the clinical manifestations for Metabolic Alkalosis ?

Answer 12

cardia dysrhythmias; seizures; confusion; muscle twitching, agitation
>pH;>HC03; normal PaCo2 or elevated if compensation occurs

Question 13

Respiratory Acidosis

Clinical Manifestations ?

Answer 13

> PaCo2; HCO3 is normal or > with renal compensation

vasodilatation; cardiac dysrhythmias, tachycardia, somnolence, decreased ventilation

Question 14

Clinical Manifestations?

Answer 14

> pH; < PaC02; HCO3 normal or low due to compensation

nausea, vomiting, tingling of fingers

Question 15

How long for a sputum cutlture and sensitivity sample results?

Answer 15

48-72hr. purpose is to diagnose bacterial infection, select antibiotic and evaluate treatment.

Question 16

What is cytology for?

Answer 16

Sputib specimin is collected in a special container with fizative soloution, determines presence of abnormal cells that may indicate malignant condition