Med surge Flashcards
what is the most common complaint associated with a client with inner ear problem?
Tinnitus
Normal Intraocular pressure
10-21 mm HG
What kind of fluid is Isotonic? What does it treat?
LR, NS, common dehydration
what kind of fluid is hypotonic? What does it
0.5% NS, Pulls what our of intravascular and into cells,
Used to treat prolonged (cellular) dehydration
FVD AND hypernatremia and hyperglycemia
Hypertonic What does it treat
5%D, 3% NS
Out of cells and puts back into vascular
Dehydration due to surgery, blood loss and cellular damage
Ascots and third spacing
Normal Sodium
135-145
S/S of hyponatremia
Decreased LOC, Weight gain, Seizures
S/S hypernatremia
THirst, dry mouth, seizures
Normal Potassium
3.5-5
S/S of HYPOKALEMIA
Presence of U waves, fatigue, muscle weakness (Cramps, spasms, tetany)paresthesia, flat T waves,
What must you always assess before giving potassium
URINE OUTPUT
S/S of hyperkalemia
Peak T waves, weak muscles, bradycardia
Treatment for HYPerkalemia
Give 50% regular glucose with regular insulin, administer calcium gluconate, Kayexalate, Lasix
Normal Calcium
8.6-10.2
S/S of hypocalcemia
POsitive Chvosteks/Trousseaus, numbness, tingling of extremities, tetany
S/S of hypercalcemia
muscle weakness, kidney stones
Normal Magnesium
1.5-2.5
S/S hypomagnesium
neuromusclular irritability
s/S hypermagnesium
Hypotension, dowsiness, hypoactive reflexes, depessed respirations, bradycardia
Normal Phosphate
2.4-4.4
S/S hypophosphatemia
Mental changes/confusion
s/S hyperphophatemia
muscles cramps, tetany, seizures
What test must you preform before take ABG
Allen test Compress ulnar and radial nerve Let go of ulnar first have pt tighten and release their hand Skin must return to normal w/n 15 sec before proceeding with procedure
ABG
ph 7.35-7.45
PaCO2- 35-45(lungs)
HCO3-22-26(kidneys)
3 meds given in PCA
Morphine, Fentayl, Dilaudid
Malignant hyperthermia
due to anesthesia
Inc temp, serzures, brain damage, hypoxia
Remember to ask about family history
Genetic
Admisnister dantrolene (treats and prevents)
What is the last sense to go with anesthesia
Hearing-always talk to your patient when putting under nd coming out
Lethal rhythms on EKG
V-fib, v-tach, A-systole, Torsades, PEA, 3rd degree heart block
What does a wide QRS indicate
Beat iniciating from ventricles
What electrolyte can cause Torsades
Low magnesium
Antidote to dig toxciity
Digoxin Fab
what is the GI cocktail used to diagnose if problems having are with stomach
Antacid, Donnatal(anti-cholinergic) and Viscous lidocaine
