Med Surg: Dialysis Flashcards
What is hemodialysis for?
type of renal replacement that is used to
- maintain acid-base balance
- control fluid and electrolyte balance
- remove waste
Who qualifies for hemodialysis?
pts with end stage renal disease
pt with fluid overload that do not respond to diuretics
pt with pericarditis
What is vascular access through fistula
Artery and vein are sutured together
typically the radial or crachial artery with the cephalic vein
2-4 months to mature
What is the vascular access through graft?
synthetic channel is made of polytetrafluoroethlene in order to connect the artery and the vein
1-2 weeks to mature
What is the temporary vascular access?
used while fistula and grafts mature
hemodialysis catheters: centrally inserted catheters
SubQ devices: life ports implanted under the skin
What is the nursing care before hemodialysis?
VS
Weight
Bruit & Thrill
Medications
What is nursing care during hemodialysis?
IV site
Physiological status
What is nursing acre after hemodialysis?
Weight
Vitals
Bleeding Risk
What are complications of hemodialysis?
Disequilibruim syndrome
Infections: Hep B and Hep C
What is peritoneal dialysis?
Done through a catheter in the peritoneal cavity
Peritoneal cavity is highly vacularized
Three phases:
- fill: put dialysate into cavity
- dwell: let sit 2-4 hours
- outlow: drain dialysate
What are the types of perioneal dialysis?
continuous ambulatory dialysis
continuous cycle
automated peritoneal dialysis
intermittent
what are the complications of peritoneal dialysis?
Site contamination
N&V
Bowel perforation: not common, dark cloudly outflow, not long side effect
Pain/abdominal tenderness: constipation, kinked tubing, clotting
What are the advantages of perioneal dialysis?
free lifestyle
done at home
better meodynamic control
What are the disadvantages of peritoneal dialysis?
Weight gain
protein wasting
pritonitis
hyperglycemia
What are nursing considerations for perioneal dialysis?
proper hand hygiene and cleaning insertion site
Before: vital, weight, electrolye and glucose levels
During: discomfort, vitals, respiratory distress
