Med Surg: Diabetic Foot Care

Question 1

What focal diabetic neuropathy?

Answer 1

single nerve or nerve group

one side of the body

eyes: double vision

temporary

Question 2

What is diffuse diabetic neuropathy?

Answer 2

widespread motor loss

gradual both sides of body

permanenet

Question 3

What are assessments of diabetic neuropathy?

Answer 3

For patients risk of diabetic foot problems

For circulation

For loss of strength

For loss of protective sensation

Question 4

What is patient education for prevention of ulcers?

Answer 4

Positioning: pad boney prominences, reposition every 2 hours or every 1 hour in chair, get up and move, no crossed legs

Nutrition: diet, plan, limit carbs and sugars intake, patient and caloric intake, whole grain foods

Skin care: inspect skin daily, moisturize feet when dry, OTC and prescribed moisturizers, do not rub bony prominences

Question 5

What are bathing interventions for DM?

Answer 5

inspect feet and toes, use mirror, edema, ulcer, bathe feet daily with leukewarm water, mild soap, no perfumes, do not soak feet too long, dry throughly

Care: toenails trimmed, clippers, straight across, clean socks

Question 6

How can footwear help DM?

Answer 6

Shoes: do not walk barefoot, no dandals, rotate shoes q2-3 days

Insoles: removeable, pressure relieft and shock absorption

Orthotics: relieve pressure, redistribute weight on foot, help deformities

Question 7

What is intervention wound care?

Answer 7

Wound environment: dressings

Debridement: removal dead tissue, surgery, topical or mechanical

Eliminating pressure: poor sensation, may walk on ulvered feet reposition q1-2 hours, assistive devices

Growth factors: envhances cell growth, costly but effective