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NRS 111A Foundations - MHCC > Med Surg Ch 2 > Flashcards

Med Surg Ch 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Determinants of Health Meaning

A

factors that influence the health of individuals of groups and help explain why some people experience poorer health than others

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2
Q

Factors in Determinants of health

A

Where people were born, grew up, live, work, and an individuals age

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3
Q

Health status

A

Holistic concept encompassing life expectancy and self-assessment of health, not just the presence or absence of disease

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4
Q

Community Health Measures

A

Birth and death rates
access to care
morbidity and mortality rates related to disease and injury

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5
Q

Health disparities meaning

A

differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality rate, and burden of diseases that exist among specific population groups

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6
Q

Health Equity

A

achieved when every person has the opportunity to attain their health potential and no one is disadvantaged

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7
Q

Ethnicity and Race

A

subjective and based on self report, used interchangeably

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8
Q

Factors and Conditions Leading to Health Disparities

A
  • age
  • disability status
  • education-ethnicity and race
  • gender
  • health care provider attitude/biases
  • health literacy
  • income status
  • lack of health care service access
  • language barrier
  • occupation or unemployment
  • place
  • sexual orientation
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9
Q

Place

A

refers to geographic and environmental location where a person is born, grows, lives, works, and ages. This affects use of health services, health status, and health behaviors

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10
Q

Adults without a high school diploma are 3 times more likely to die before 65 than those with a college degree T/F

A

True

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11
Q

Health literacy definition

A

the degree to which a person has the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions

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12
Q

Health Literacy Needed abilities

A
  • to read, understand, and analyze information
  • understand instructions
  • weigh risks and benefits
  • make decisions and take action
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13
Q

Low health literacy is associated with

A
  • more hospitalizations
  • greater use of emergency department
  • decreased use of cancer screening
  • decreased use of influenza vaccine
  • decreased ability to use medications correctly
  • higher mortality rates among older adults
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14
Q

Question to ask to get a sense of health literacy

A

Can you understand and fill out these forms on your own?

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15
Q

Women are less likely than men to have procedures T/F

A

True

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16
Q

Women visit the doctor more often than men T.F

A

true

17
Q

Sexuality Definition

A

a persons romantic, emotional, or sexual attraction to another person

18
Q

Discrimination and bias are likely to result in

A
  • less aggressive or negative treatment practices

- delay of proper diagnosis due to assumptions about patient

19
Q

Culture Definitions

A
  • The way of life for a group of people, includes behaviors, beliefs, values, traditions, and symbols that the group accepts
  • cultivated behavior through social learning, generation to generation
  • the totality of a persons learned, accumulated experience that is socially transmitted
20
Q

Values Definition

A

the set of rules by which persons, families, groups, and communities live
-principles and standards that serve as the basis for that culture

21
Q

Basic Characteristics of Culture 0 Table 2.2

A
  • Dynamic and ever-changing
  • Not always shared by all members of a cultural group
  • adapted to specific conditions like environmental factors
  • learned through oral and written histories and socialization
22
Q

Cultural Characteristics - Asian American

A
  • Cultured foods
  • Family loyalty
  • Folk healing
  • harmonious relationships
  • harmony and balance with body vital for preservation of life energy
  • respect for elders, parents, and ancestors
23
Q

Cultural Characteristics - African American

A
  • Cultural foods
  • Family networks
  • Folk healing
  • Importance of religion
  • Interdependence within ethnic group
  • Music and physical activities valued
24
Q

Cultural Characteristics - European American

A
  • Equal rights of genders
  • Independence and freedom
  • Individualistic and competitive
  • Materialistic
  • Self-reliance valued
  • Youth and beauty valued
25
Q

Cultural Characteristics - Hispanic/Latino

A
  • Cultural foods
  • Folk healing
  • Extended family valued
  • Interdependence and collectivism
  • Involvement of family in social activities
  • Religion and spirituality highly valued
  • Respect for elders and authority
26
Q

Cultural Characteristics - Native American

A
  • Doing the honorable thing
  • Folk healing
  • Living in harmony with people and nature
  • Respect for tribal elders and children
  • Respect for all things living
  • Return what is taken from nature
  • Spiritual guidance
27
Q

Cultural Characteristics - Pacific Islander American

A
  • Collective concern and involvement
  • Kinship alliance among nuclear and extended family
  • Knowledge is collective; belongs to group, not a person
  • Natural order and balanced relationships
28
Q

Acculturation Definition

A

the lifelong process of incorporating cultural aspects of the contexts in which a person grows, lives, works, and ages
-bidirectional: context changes as a persons culture influences it

29
Q

Stereotyping Definition

A

an overgeneralized viewpoint of members of a specific culture, race, or ethnic group are all alike and share the same values, beliefs and attitudes

30
Q

Ethnocentrism Definition

A

the belief that one’s own culture and worldview are superior to those of others from a different culture, ethnic, or racial background

31
Q

Cultural imposition occurs when

A

we impose our own cultural beliefs and practices on another person or group of people, can come in the form of disregarding or trivializing a patients health care beliefs or practices

32
Q

Cultural Safety Definition

A

care and advocacy for a person of another culture determined by that person or family, helps prevent cultural imposition

33
Q

Transcultural Nursing Definition, by who, when, what is the goal

A
  • Coined by Madeleine Leininger in the 1950s
  • a specialty that focuses on the comparative study and analysis of cultures and subcultures
  • goal is the discovery of culturally relevant facts to guide the nurse in culturally appropriate care
34
Q

Cultural Competence Definition

A

the ability to understand, appreciate, and work with people from cultures other than your own

35
Q

Cultural Competence Skills

A
  • awareness and acceptance of cultural differences
  • self awareness
  • knowledge of the patients culture
  • adaptation of skills to meet the patients need
36
Q

4 components of cultural competence

A
  • cultural awareness
  • cultural knowledge
  • cultural skill
  • cultural encounter

NRS 111A Foundations - MHCC (3 decks)

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