Med Surg: Care of Pt with Musculoskeletal Problem Complications Flashcards
What are complications for musculoskeletal injuries?
fat emboli: originates in bone marrow and occurs after a fix when a fat globule is released into bloodsteram
Long bone fractures increase risk for fat emboli
Can occur within the 1st 12-48 hours post injury
What is the Fat emboli assessment?
restlessness, hypoxemia and mental status changes
tachycardia and hypotension
dyspnea and tachypnea
petechial rash over upper chest and neck
What are fat emboli labs?
elevated ESR
decreased serum calcium
decreased RBC and platelet
increased serum lipase
What are interventions for fat emboli?
Notify MD immediately
Treat symptoms
Corticosteriods reduce pulmonary injury
What are complications of musculoskeletal injuries?
Acute compartment syndrome: occurs when pressure increases within one or more compartments
- leads to decreased by blood flow, tissue ischemia and neurovascular impairment
- withint 4-6 hours after onset of compartment syndrome, neruovascular damage is irreversible if not treated
What is the assessment of Compartment syndrome?
pain increasing pain or pain our of proportion to injury
pressure: edema or firmness of tissue
paresthesias: sensory changes
pallor: capillary refill delayed
pulselessness: absence of previously present pulse
paralysis: loss of motion
What are intervenions of musculoskeletal system injuries?
notify MD immediately
may require fasciotomy
if cast or tight dressings: loosen or bivalve
What are complications of infection or osteomyelitis?
inflammatory response occurs in bone tissue
net necrosis of bone and separation from other bone tissue tissue
sequestrum prevents bone healing
What is the assessment of infection or osteomylitis?
tachycardia and fever
erythema and pain in area surround infection
leukocytosis and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
What are interventions of osteomyelitis?
aggressive, long term IV antibiotic therapy
hyperbaric oxygen therapy
sequestrecomy and bone grafts
