Med Math Week 1 Flashcards
Agonist
A drug that brings about a specific action by binding with the appropriate receptor.
Adverse drug reaction
An undesirable response to a drug by a patient, may be mild or fatal
Antagonist
A drug that inhibits a specific action by binding with a particular receptor
Compounding
Any manipulation performed to produce a dosage-form drug, other than the manipulations described in the directions for use on the labeling of an approved drug product
Drug
A substance used to diagnose prevent or treat disease
Efficacy
The extent to which a drug causes the intended effects in a patient
Extra label use
The use of a drug that is not specifically listed on the US FDA approved label
Half-life
The amount of time that it takes for the quantity of a drug in the body to be reduced by 50%
Manufacturing
The bulk production of drugs for resale outside of the veterinarian-client-patient relationship
Metabolism (biotransformation)
The biochemical process that alters a drug from an active form to a form that is inactive or that can be eliminated from the body
Parenteral
The route of administration of injectable drugs
Partition coefficient
The ratio of the solubility of substances between two states in which they may be found
Prescription drug
A drug that is limited to the use under the supervision of a veterinarian because of potential danger difficulty of administration or other considerations
Regimen
The plan; contains how much, how often, how long
Residue
An amount of a drug still present in animal tissue or products at a particular point
Veterinarian-client-patient relationship
The Vet must know the client and patient b4 administering or prescribing a drug
Withdrawal time
The length of time it takes for a drug to get out of an animals tissue
Drug sources
Plants based (botanical) Animal based (animal) Mineral based ( duh!) Electrolytes Synthesized (lab created)
Inactive ingredients
Classified as binders, coating, coloring agents, disintergrants, emulsifiers, fillers, flavoring, flow agents, humectants, preservatives, sweeteners, and thickeners
What is pharmacotherapy
Treatment of disease, illness, or medical condition with the use of drugs
Pharmacokinetics
Events that occur after administration, a drug’s effect on the movement of a patient
Rx means
Prescription
OTC means
Over the counter
PO describes
Administration by mouth or enteral
IV describes
Admin intravenous
IM describes
Admin intramuscular
SC describes
Admin subcutaneously
ID describes
Admin into the skin intardermal
IP describes
Admin intraperitoneal (into the abdomen)
IA describes
Intraarterial (into an artery)
Bioavailability is
The degree of a drug to be absorbed into the body’s circulatory system
Topical describes
Admin onto the surface of the skin
Parenteral Injections are injections ________ the GI tract
Outside
Other routes of administration are
Intraarticular (into a joint)
Intracardiac (into the walls of the heart)
Intramedullary (into the bone marrow)
Epidural/subdural (into the spine)
Drug distribution
The process by which a drug is carried from its site of absorption to its site of action
Biotransformation
Is metabolism the bodies ability to change a drug chemically from the form in which it was administered into a form that can be eliminated from the body.
Drug absorption is affected by
Mechanism pH/ ionization Surface area Blood supply Solubility Form Drug interaction
Enteral injections are
Inside the GI tract
Drug distribution is
How a drug gets from the absorption to the site of action
Drug excretion
How/where drugs are excreted from the body
Half-Life
The time required to excrete half of the present amt of drug
Pharmacodynamics is
Mechanisms by which drugs produce physiologic changes in the body
Therapeutic Index is
The relationship between a drugs ability to achieve the desired effect mad it’s tendency to produce toxic effects
Ld 50 & Ed50
Ld 50 is the lowest dose that is lethal to 50% of animals in trial
Ed 50 is the lowest dose that produces the desired effect in 50% of animals in a trial
Regulatory Agencies are
FDA, CVA, EPA, USDA
FARAD is
Food animal residue avoidance databank they provide withholding times for milk and preslaughter withdrawal times for meat
The green book list
All animal drugs approved by the FDA
