MED MATH Flashcards
1
Q
Roman Numeral : 1/2
A
ss
2
Q
roman numeral : 1
A
i or t, I
3
Q
roman numeral : 2
A
ii or tt, II
4
Q
romannumeral : 3
A
iii, ttt, III
5
Q
roman numeral : 4
A
iv, tv, IV
6
Q
roman numeral :5
A
v or V
7
Q
roman numeral :6
A
vi, vt, or VI
8
Q
roman numeral :7
A
vii, vtt, VII
9
Q
roman numeral : 8
A
viii, vttt, VIII
10
Q
roman numeral : 9
A
ix, tx, IX
11
Q
roman numeral :10
A
x, X
12
Q
roman numeral 15
A
xv, XV
13
Q
roman numeral 20
A
xx, XX
14
Q
roman numeral 30
A
xxx, XXX
15
Q
roman numeral 50
A
L
16
Q
roman numeral 100
A
C
17
Q
roman numeral 500
A
D
18
Q
roman numeral 1000
A
M
19
Q
Lovely
Cats
Dont
Meow
A
L=50
C=100
D=500
M=1000
20
Q
Converting from percent to fraction
A
- drop the percent sign
- write the number as the numerator
- write100 as the denominator
- reduce fraction to lowest term
Ex:
8% = 8/100 -> reduced is 2/25
21
Q
Converting percent to decimal
A
-drop the percent sign
-divide the number by 100
(Moves the decimal point 2 places to the left)
Ex: 25%= 25/100= 25 -> .25
22
Q
Determining percent of change
A
- Make a fraction of change = change/old
- Multiply the fraction by 100 to change it to a percent and then add the percent sign
23
Q
Basic units of metric measurement
A
Weight(solid) Gram g
Volume(liquid) Liter L
Length Meter m
24
Q
Kilo
A
1,000
One thousand times
25
He to
100
| One hundred times
26
Deal
10
| Ten times
27
Deci
0.1
| One tenth
28
Centi
0.01
| One hundredth part of
29
Milli
0.001
| One thousandth part of
30
Micro
0.000001
| One millionth part of
31
```
Kitty
Hawk
Doesnt
Drink
Canned
Milk
Much
```
```
Kilo
Hecto
Deka
Deci
Centi
Milli
Micro
```
32
Common metric Abbreviations
```
Gram = g
Microgram = mcg
Milligram = mg
Kilogram = kg
Liter = L
Deciliter = dL
Milliliter = mL
```
33
Rules of the metric system
- reinforce the decimal. Add the leading zero -> 0.53
| - don’t add unnecessary zeros -> 2.5 mL NOT 2.50 mL
34
Metric equivalents (weight)
```
1 kilogram(kg) = 1000 grams
1 gram(g) = 1000 milligrams
1 milligram(mg) = 1000 micrograms (mcg)
```
35
Metric equivalents (volume)
```
1 liter(L) = 1000 milliliters (mL)
1 milliliter (mL) = 0.001 liter (L)
```
36
Metric equivalents (length)
1 meter(m) = 100 centimeters(cm) = 1000 mm
1 millimeter(mm) = 0.001 meter(m)= 0.1 cm
37
Household system measurements
```
1 teaspoon(t, tsp) = 5 mL
1 tablespoon (T, tbs) = 15 mL
1 measuring cup = 8 oz
```
38
Household Metric equivalents
teaspoon -> 5 mL
tablespoon -> 1T =3 t -> 15mL
ounce(fluid) -> 1 oz = 2 T -> 30 mL
cup(standard measuring) -> 1 cup = 8 oz ->240mL
pint -> 1 pt= 2 cups (16 oz) -> 500 mL
quart -> 1 qt = 4 cups = 2pt = 32 oz -> 1000mL
pound(weight) -> 1 lb = 16 oz -> 2.2 lb = 1 kg (1000 g)
1 in = 2.5 cm
1 glass =6 oz
39
The rights of Medication Administration
1. right client
2. right medication
3. right dose
4. right route
5. right time
6. right documentation
7. right indication
8. right to know
9. right to refuse
10. right response
40
Oral administration
oral medication administered by mouth
41
sublingual administration
placed under the tongue and designed to be absorbed
42
enteric-coated tablets/capsules
coated with a special coating that does not dissolve in the stomach
43
buccal
placed in the mouth against the mucous membranes of the cheek to dissolve
44
standing order/routine order
medication is to be given for a specified number of doses
45
prn order
this order is to be administered as needed
46
stat order
medication is to be given immediately but only once unless reordered
47
single order
medication to be given only once at a specified time
48
symbols form medication administration
```
c,C = cup
g = gram
gtt = drop
kg = kilogram
L = liter
mcg = microgram
mEq = milliequivalent
mg = milligram
mL = milliliter
oz = ounce
pt = pint
qt = quart
T, tbs = tablespoon
t, tsp = teaspoon
```
49
commonly used medication abbreviations
```
ID = intradermal
IM = intramuscular
IV =intravenous
IVPB = intravenous piggyback
n.p.o = nothing by mouth
noc, noct = at night
NAS = intranasal
p.o. = by mouth, oral
p.r. = by rectum
q. = every
q.a.m = every morning
qh = every hour
q2h, q4h = every 2 hours every 4 hours
q.i.d =four times a day
t.i.d = three times a day
```
50
Trade name
the brand name under which a manufacturer markets the medication.usually followed by a registration symbol
51
generic name
the proper, chemical name of the medication
52
dosage of mediction
indicates the amount or weight provided in the form (per tablet, per milliliter)
53
route of administration
important because a medication can be administered by several routes
54
time & frequency
standard abbreviations should be used to indicate when and what times a medication is to be administered
55
signature for the order
for a medication to be legal, it must be signed by the health care provider
56
interpreting a medication order
1. name of the medication
2. the dosage expressed in standard abbreviations or symbols
3. route
4. frequency
57
Formula for calculating dosages
```
D/H x Q = x
D- dosage desired
H-dosage strength available
Q- quantity or unit of measure that contains the dosage that is available
x- the unknown
```
58
forms of solid medication
tablets
- caplets
- scored tablets
- enteric-coated tablets
- sublingual tablets
- buccal tablets
- layered tablets
- film tab
- orally disintegrating tablets
- chewable tablets
- time-release and extended release tablets
59
elixir
alcohol solution that is sweet and aromatic
60
suspension
one or more medications finely divided int a liquid such as water
61
syrup
medication dissolved in concentrated solution of sugar and water
62
standard medicine cup
usually plastic and has a capacity of 30 mL
63
calibrated droppers
used for measuring and administering small volumes of liquid medications
64
oral syringe
used to measure and administer oral liquids to ensure accurate and safe dosages
65
subcut
injection into the subcutaneous tissue, below the skin
66
ampule
sealed glass container that contains a typical single dose of medication
67
vial
plastic/glass container that has rubber stopper or diaphragm on the top
68
mix-o-vial
has two compartments separated by a rubber stopper
69
cartridge
pre-filled glass/plastic container clearly marked, indicating the amount of medication
70
pre-filled syringe
medication comes prepared for administration in a syringe with or without a needle attached
71
syringes
barrel- outer calibrated portion that holds medication
plunger- inner device that is moved backward to withdraw and measure medication
tip- end of the syringe that golds the needle
72
solute
powdered medication or liquid concentrate to be dissolved or diluted
73
solvent (diluent)
a liquid that is added to the powder or liquid concentrate
74
solution
the liquid that results when the solvent dissolves the solute
75
preparing a prescribed solution
desired solution strength x amount of desired solution = solute
76
flow rate formula
x mL/hr = amount of solution(mL)/ time in hours
77
macrodrop tubing
standard type of tubing used for general IV administration
78
microdrop tubing
delivers tiny drops
79
IV flow rate drops per minute formula
x gtt/min = amount of solution (mL) x drop factor/ time (min)
80
drops per minute large volume formula
x mL/hr = amount of solution(mL) / time (hr)
81
IV flow rate shortcut method
x gtt/min= (mL/her)/gtt factor constant
82
Infusion time formula
total infusion time= total number of mL to infuse/ (mL/hr infusion rate)
83
Microdrop
60gtt/mL
