Med List 1: Anti-Infectives

Question 1

Doxycycline

Answer 1

Brand: Vibramycin, Adoxa, Monodox

Strength: 20mg, 50mg, 75mg, 100mg, 150mg

Frequency: q12h

Indication:
- respiratory tract infection
- urinary tract infection
- acne
- skin infection
- STI

Tips:
- sun sensitivity: use sunscreen, avoid tanning beds
- TAKE WITH FOOD to prevent upset stomach
- No food with Ca, Fe, Mg, Zn within 2 hrs before or after drug
- may decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptive

Question 2

Amoxicillin

Answer 2

Brand: Amoxil

Strength: 250mg, 500mg, 875mg

Frequency: q8h, q12h

Indication:
- RTI
- UTI
- STI
- Ear, nose, throat, skin infection

Tips:
- may decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptive
- CONTRAINDICATION TO PENICILLIN ALLERGY

Question 3

Cephalexin

Answer 3

Brand: Keflex

Strength: 250mg, 500mg

Frequency: q6h, q8h

Indication:
- RTI
- UTI
- Ear, nose, throat, skin, bone infection

Tips:
- No food/medication/vitamin with Zn within 3hrs after drug
- CONTRAINDICATION TO CEPHALOSPORIN ALLERGY
- caution with penicillin allergy

Question 4

Azithromycin

Answer 4

Brand: Zithromax, Z-pak, Tri-Pak

Strength: 250mg, 500mg

Frequency: Two tablets by mouth on day 1, then one tablet days 2-5 or q24h

Indication:
- RTI
- STI
- Ear, nose, throat, skin, eye infection

Tips:
- No food/med with Al or Mg containing antiacid
- Qtc prolongation occurs rarely
- CONTRAINDICATION TO MACROLIDE ALLERGY

Question 5

Ciprofloxacin

Answer 5

Brand: Cipro, Ciloxan

Strength: 250mg, 500mg, 750mg

Frequency: q12h

Indication:
- STI
- Prostatitis
- Skin, bone
- Pneumonia
- UTI, RTI
- Abdominal infection

Tips:
- Qtc prolongation occurs rarely
- No food/med with Ca, Fe with 2hrs before or after drug
- Sun sensitivity: use sunscreen, avoid tanning beds
- Caffeine sensitivity
- CONTRAINDICATION TO FLUOROQUINOLONE ALLERGY

Question 6

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

Answer 6

Brand: Bactrim DS

Strength: 800mg [S], 160mg [T]

Frequency: q12h

Indications:
- RTI
- UTI
- HIV infection

Tips:
- Sun sensitivity: use sunscreen, avoid tanning bed
- TAKE WITH WATER
- CONTRAINDICATION IF SULFA ALLERGY

Question 7

Nitrofurantoin

Answer 7

Brand: Macrobid, Macrodantin

Strength: 100mg

Frequency: q12h

Indications:
- UTI

Tips:
- orange/brown urine is expected
- No food/med with Mg with 2 hrs before or after drug
- TAKE WITH FOOD/MILK to INCREASE ABSORPTION

Question 8

Metronidazole

Answer 8

Brand: Flagyl

Strength: 250mg, 500mg

Frequency: q6h, q8h, q12h

Indications:
- Abscess
- vaginosis
- GI infection
- STI

Tips:
- metallic taste in mouth
- headache is common side effect
- CONTRAINDICATION TO ALCOHOL FOLLOWING THERAPY AND 3 DAYS AFTER LAST DOSE

Question 9

Fluconazole

Answer 9

Brand: Diflucan

Strength: 100mg, 150mg, 200mg

Frequency: q24h –> single dose

Indications:
- Thrush
- Skin
- Vagina
- HIV

Tips:
- Qtc prolongation occurs rarely
- can present skin rash

Question 10

Valacyclovir

Answer 10

Brand: Valtrex

Strength: 500mg, 1gram

Frequency: q8h, q12h, q24h

Indications:
- Genital Infection
- Cold sore
- Shingles

Tips:
- Headache is common side effect
- does not prevent disease transmission
- DRINK LOTS OF FLUID TO PREVENT KIDNEY DAMAGE