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Chapt 10 Principles of Pharm > Med groups for Pre hospital > Flashcards

Med groups for Pre hospital Flashcards

1
Q

Alkalinizing Agents

A
  • Increases serum or urine PH
  • Renal (kidneys)

Ex. Sodium Bicarbonate

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2
Q

Antacids

A
  • Neutralize excess acids present in stomach
  • GI

ex. Sucralfate (Carafate)
Aluminum Salts
Calcium Carbonate

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3
Q

Anthelmintics

A
  • Treats intestinal parasites
  • GI
    ex. Mebendazole ( Vermox )
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4
Q

Antibiotics

A
  • Treat bacterial infection
  • Varied Systems

ex. Penicillin
Ciprofloxacin ( Cipro)

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5
Q

Anticoagulants

A
  • Reduce efficacy of clotting factors present in blood
  • Hematologic

ex. Heparin
Warfarin ( Coumadin )

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6
Q

Antidiarrheals

A
  • Decrease GI motility, alter GI secretion activity
  • GI

ex. Loperamide (Imodium)
Diphenoxylate-Atropine combination (Lomotil)

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7
Q

Antidysrhythmics

A
  • Prevent or control various cardiac dysrhythmias
  • CV

ex. Lidocaine
Amiodarone (Cordarone)

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8
Q

Antiemetics

A
  • Treat or prevent nausea and vomiting
  • GI, CNS

ex. Promethazine (Phenergan)
Ondansetron (Zofran)

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9
Q

Antiflatulants

A
  • Prevent or treat excess intestinal gas
  • GI
    ex. Simethicone, Lactase
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10
Q

Antifungals

A
  • Treats fungal infections
  • Varied

ex. Fluconazole (Diflucan)
Ketoconazole (Nizoral)

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11
Q

Antiglaucoma agents (eye drops)

A
  • Treats glaucoma
  • Varied

ex. Brinzolamide (Azopt)
Bimatoprost (Lumigan)

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12
Q

Antihistamines

A
  • Blocks histamine receptors, dry mucous membranes,
    inhibit immune response in allergic reactions
  • Varied

ex. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Loratadine (Claritin)

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13
Q

Antihyperlipidemics

A
  • Decrease blood cholesterol, sequester cholesterol chemicals in bile
  • Hematologic, CV

ex. Cholestyramine (Questran)
Colesevelam (Welchol)
“Statins” drugs that lower cholesterol

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14
Q

Antiparasitic Agents

A
  • Treats parasitic infections
  • Varied
    ex. Nitazoxanide (Alinia)
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15
Q

Antipsychotics

A
  • Treats psychoses, including schizophrenia
  • Sympathetic Nervous system (SNS)

ex. Haloperidol (Haldol)
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)

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16
Q

Antivirals

A
  • Treats viral infections
  • Varied

ex. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
Famciclovir (Famvir)

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17
Q

Barbiturates

A
  • Reduce or prevent seizures, provide sedation
  • CNS
    ex. Phenobarbital
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18
Q

Bensodiazepines

A
  • Treat anxiety and seizures, provide sedation
  • CNS
ex. Lorazepam (Ativan)
      Diazepam (valium)
      Oxazepam (Serax)
      Clonazepam (Klonopin)
      Midazolam (Versed)
      Temazepam (Restoril)
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19
Q

Beta-agonists

A
  • Brochodilation
  • Respiratory

ex. Albuterol
Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

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20
Q

Beta-blocking Agents

A
  • Reduce HR and BP
  • CV

ex. Metoprolol (Lopressor)
Atenolol (Tenormin)

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21
Q

Calcium channel blockers

A
  • Reduce HR and BP
  • CV

ex. Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Verapmil (Calan)

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22
Q

Cardiac Glycosides

A
  • Decreases HR and improves contractility
  • CV
    ex. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
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23
Q

Chemotherapeutic Agents

A
  • Treat cancer or malignancy
  • Varied

ex. Vincristine (Oncovoin, Vincasar)
Cisplatin (Platinol)

24
Q

Cholesterol Synthesis Inhibitors

A
  • Prevent cholesterol conversion in the liver
  • GI

ex. Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Simvastatin (Zocor)

25
Q

Cholinergics

A
  • Activate secretory glands in eyes and GI tract; improve muscle weakness in Myasthenia Gravis
  • PNS

ex. Pilocarpine (Isopto)
Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)

26
Q

Corticosteroids

A
  • Decrease inflammation, immunosuppressant
  • Endocrine, Immune

ex. Prednisone
Dexamethasone (Decradron)

27
Q

Cough Suppressants

A
  • Decrease bronchiole irritation causing couch
  • CNS

ex. Codeine
Dexrtomethorphan

28
Q

Digestants

A
  • Enhance digestion of food; may include supplemental pancreatic enzymes
  • GI
    ex. Glutamine
29
Q

Diuretics

A
  • Promotes excretion of urine; manage fluid overload
  • Renal

ex. Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Furosemide (Lasix)

30
Q

Fibrinolytics

A
  • Dissolve clots present in blood vessels or vascular access devices
  • Hematologic

ex. Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)
Tenecteplase (TNKase)

31
Q

Glucocorticoids

A
  • Replacement or maintenance therapy, treat systemic inflammation, numerous other uses
  • Endocrine and Immune

ex. Hydrocortisone
Beclomethasone (Beconase)

32
Q

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

A
  • Deactivate proteins involved in platelet aggregation
  • Hamtologic

ex. Tirofiban (Aggrastat)
Eptifibatide (Integrilin)

33
Q

Histamine -2 Receptor Antagonists

A
  • Blocks histamine receptors, including those responsible for gastric acid secretion
  • GI and Immune

ex. Ranitidine (Zantac)
Famotidine (Pepcid)

34
Q

Hormone Replacement Drugs

A
  • Replace hormones, improve bone density that has decreased due to aging and hormone loss
  • Endocrine

ex. Estrogen
Progesterone

35
Q

Immunomodulators

A
  • Inhibit or enhance functioning of the immune system
  • Immune

ex. Interferon
Levamisole (Ergamisol)

36
Q

Immunosuppressants

A
  • Prevent rejection of transplanted organs and tissues:
    Treat rheumatoid arthritis
  • Immune

ex. Cyclosporine (Gengraf)
Tacrolimus (Prograf)

37
Q

Insulin

A
  • Positive inotropic effects, allows cellular glucose uptake, treat hyerkalemia
  • Endocrine
    ex. Insulin
38
Q

Laxatives

A
  • Increase gastrointestinal motility
  • GI

ex. Bisacodyl (Docolax)
Docusate (Colase)

39
Q

Mineralocorticoids

A
  • Promotes Na and water retention
  • Endocrine and Immune
    ex. Fludrocortisone (Florinef)
40
Q

Mucolytics

A
  • Assist with elimination of mucous in the respiratory tract
  • Pulmonary
    ex. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
41
Q

Mydriatics

A
  • Dilate pupil for ocular diagnostic and treatment procedures
  • Ocular and PNS
    ex. Cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl)
42
Q

Narcotic Analgesics

A
  • Relieve pain and relieve or suppress cough
  • CNS

ex. Morphine
Oxycodone

43
Q

Nasal Decongestants

A
  • Decrease upper airway mucous secretion
  • SNS

ex. Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Phenylephrine (Neosynephrine)

44
Q

Neuromuscular Blocking Agents

A
  • Provide chemical paralysis in intubated and ventilated patients
  • Peripheral Nervous System and Muskuloskeletal

ex. Succinylcholine (Anectine)
Rocuronium (Zemuron)

45
Q

NSAIDs

A
  • Treat pain and inflammation
  • Endocrine

ex. Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)
Ketorolac (Toradol)
Indomethacin (Indocin)

46
Q

Oral Contraceptives

A
  • Prevent conception (pregnancy)
  • Endocrine and Genitourinary
    ex. Estrogen, Progesterone
47
Q

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents

A
  • Manage type II DM
  • Endocrine

e. Glyburide (Diabeta)
Metformin (Glucophage)
Glipizide (Glucotrol)

48
Q

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

A
  • Treat ED
  • CV

ex. Sildenafil (Viagra)
Tadalafil (Cialis)

49
Q

Platelet Inhibitors

A
  • Decrease platelet aggregation in patients at risk of thrombus formation
  • Hematologic
    ex. ASA, Clopidogrel (Plavix)
50
Q

Protein Pump Inhibitors

A
  • Suppress activity of parietal cell acid secretions
  • GI

ex. Omeprazole (Prilosec)
Esomeprazole (Nexium)

51
Q

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

A
  • Treat depression, anxiety and related conditions
  • CNS

ex. Paroxetine (Paxil)
Sertraline (Zoloft)

52
Q

Sympathomimetics

A
  • Increase BP, HR, and cardiac output; constrict blood vessels
  • CV

ex. Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

53
Q

Tocolytics

A
  • Decrease or eliminate uterine contractions during preterm labor
  • Endocrine and Genitourinary
    ex. Magnesium sulfate
54
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants

A
  • Treat depression, neuropathy and chronic pain syndromes
  • CNS

ex. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
Doxepin
Desipramine (Norpramin)

55
Q

Xanthines

A
  • Bronchodilation
  • Respiratory
    ex. Theophylline (Uniphyl)

Chapt 10 Principles of Pharm (1 decks)

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