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Chapt 10 Principles of Pharm > Med groups for Pre hospital > Flashcards

Med groups for Pre hospital Flashcards

1
Q

Alkalinizing Agents

A
  • Increases serum or urine PH
  • Renal (kidneys)

Ex. Sodium Bicarbonate

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2
Q

Antacids

A
  • Neutralize excess acids present in stomach
  • GI

ex. Sucralfate (Carafate)
Aluminum Salts
Calcium Carbonate

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3
Q

Anthelmintics

A
  • Treats intestinal parasites
  • GI
    ex. Mebendazole ( Vermox )
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4
Q

Antibiotics

A
  • Treat bacterial infection
  • Varied Systems

ex. Penicillin
Ciprofloxacin ( Cipro)

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5
Q

Anticoagulants

A
  • Reduce efficacy of clotting factors present in blood
  • Hematologic

ex. Heparin
Warfarin ( Coumadin )

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6
Q

Antidiarrheals

A
  • Decrease GI motility, alter GI secretion activity
  • GI

ex. Loperamide (Imodium)
Diphenoxylate-Atropine combination (Lomotil)

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7
Q

Antidysrhythmics

A
  • Prevent or control various cardiac dysrhythmias
  • CV

ex. Lidocaine
Amiodarone (Cordarone)

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8
Q

Antiemetics

A
  • Treat or prevent nausea and vomiting
  • GI, CNS

ex. Promethazine (Phenergan)
Ondansetron (Zofran)

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9
Q

Antiflatulants

A
  • Prevent or treat excess intestinal gas
  • GI
    ex. Simethicone, Lactase
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10
Q

Antifungals

A
  • Treats fungal infections
  • Varied

ex. Fluconazole (Diflucan)
Ketoconazole (Nizoral)

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11
Q

Antiglaucoma agents (eye drops)

A
  • Treats glaucoma
  • Varied

ex. Brinzolamide (Azopt)
Bimatoprost (Lumigan)

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12
Q

Antihistamines

A
  • Blocks histamine receptors, dry mucous membranes,
    inhibit immune response in allergic reactions
  • Varied

ex. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Loratadine (Claritin)

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13
Q

Antihyperlipidemics

A
  • Decrease blood cholesterol, sequester cholesterol chemicals in bile
  • Hematologic, CV

ex. Cholestyramine (Questran)
Colesevelam (Welchol)
“Statins” drugs that lower cholesterol

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14
Q

Antiparasitic Agents

A
  • Treats parasitic infections
  • Varied
    ex. Nitazoxanide (Alinia)
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15
Q

Antipsychotics

A
  • Treats psychoses, including schizophrenia
  • Sympathetic Nervous system (SNS)

ex. Haloperidol (Haldol)
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)

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16
Q

Antivirals

A
  • Treats viral infections
  • Varied

ex. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
Famciclovir (Famvir)

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17
Q

Barbiturates

A
  • Reduce or prevent seizures, provide sedation
  • CNS
    ex. Phenobarbital
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18
Q

Bensodiazepines

A
  • Treat anxiety and seizures, provide sedation
  • CNS
ex. Lorazepam (Ativan)
      Diazepam (valium)
      Oxazepam (Serax)
      Clonazepam (Klonopin)
      Midazolam (Versed)
      Temazepam (Restoril)
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19
Q

Beta-agonists

A
  • Brochodilation
  • Respiratory

ex. Albuterol
Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

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20
Q

Beta-blocking Agents

A
  • Reduce HR and BP
  • CV

ex. Metoprolol (Lopressor)
Atenolol (Tenormin)

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21
Q

Calcium channel blockers

A
  • Reduce HR and BP
  • CV

ex. Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Verapmil (Calan)

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22
Q

Cardiac Glycosides

A
  • Decreases HR and improves contractility
  • CV
    ex. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
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23
Q

Chemotherapeutic Agents

A
  • Treat cancer or malignancy
  • Varied

ex. Vincristine (Oncovoin, Vincasar)
Cisplatin (Platinol)

24
Q

Cholesterol Synthesis Inhibitors

A
  • Prevent cholesterol conversion in the liver
  • GI

ex. Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Simvastatin (Zocor)

25
Cholinergics
- Activate secretory glands in eyes and GI tract; improve muscle weakness in Myasthenia Gravis - PNS ex. Pilocarpine (Isopto) Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)
26
Corticosteroids
- Decrease inflammation, immunosuppressant - Endocrine, Immune ex. Prednisone Dexamethasone (Decradron)
27
Cough Suppressants
- Decrease bronchiole irritation causing couch - CNS ex. Codeine Dexrtomethorphan
28
Digestants
- Enhance digestion of food; may include supplemental pancreatic enzymes - GI ex. Glutamine
29
Diuretics
- Promotes excretion of urine; manage fluid overload - Renal ex. Mannitol (Osmitrol) Furosemide (Lasix)
30
Fibrinolytics
- Dissolve clots present in blood vessels or vascular access devices - Hematologic ex. Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) Tenecteplase (TNKase)
31
Glucocorticoids
- Replacement or maintenance therapy, treat systemic inflammation, numerous other uses - Endocrine and Immune ex. Hydrocortisone Beclomethasone (Beconase)
32
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors
- Deactivate proteins involved in platelet aggregation - Hamtologic ex. Tirofiban (Aggrastat) Eptifibatide (Integrilin)
33
Histamine -2 Receptor Antagonists
- Blocks histamine receptors, including those responsible for gastric acid secretion - GI and Immune ex. Ranitidine (Zantac) Famotidine (Pepcid)
34
Hormone Replacement Drugs
- Replace hormones, improve bone density that has decreased due to aging and hormone loss - Endocrine ex. Estrogen Progesterone
35
Immunomodulators
- Inhibit or enhance functioning of the immune system - Immune ex. Interferon Levamisole (Ergamisol)
36
Immunosuppressants
- Prevent rejection of transplanted organs and tissues: Treat rheumatoid arthritis - Immune ex. Cyclosporine (Gengraf) Tacrolimus (Prograf)
37
Insulin
- Positive inotropic effects, allows cellular glucose uptake, treat hyerkalemia - Endocrine ex. Insulin
38
Laxatives
- Increase gastrointestinal motility - GI ex. Bisacodyl (Docolax) Docusate (Colase)
39
Mineralocorticoids
- Promotes Na and water retention - Endocrine and Immune ex. Fludrocortisone (Florinef)
40
Mucolytics
- Assist with elimination of mucous in the respiratory tract - Pulmonary ex. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
41
Mydriatics
- Dilate pupil for ocular diagnostic and treatment procedures - Ocular and PNS ex. Cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl)
42
Narcotic Analgesics
- Relieve pain and relieve or suppress cough - CNS ex. Morphine Oxycodone
43
Nasal Decongestants
- Decrease upper airway mucous secretion - SNS ex. Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) Phenylephrine (Neosynephrine)
44
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents
- Provide chemical paralysis in intubated and ventilated patients - Peripheral Nervous System and Muskuloskeletal ex. Succinylcholine (Anectine) Rocuronium (Zemuron)
45
NSAIDs
- Treat pain and inflammation - Endocrine ex. Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) Ketorolac (Toradol) Indomethacin (Indocin)
46
Oral Contraceptives
- Prevent conception (pregnancy) - Endocrine and Genitourinary ex. Estrogen, Progesterone
47
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents
- Manage type II DM - Endocrine e. Glyburide (Diabeta) Metformin (Glucophage) Glipizide (Glucotrol)
48
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
- Treat ED - CV ex. Sildenafil (Viagra) Tadalafil (Cialis)
49
Platelet Inhibitors
- Decrease platelet aggregation in patients at risk of thrombus formation - Hematologic ex. ASA, Clopidogrel (Plavix)
50
Protein Pump Inhibitors
- Suppress activity of parietal cell acid secretions - GI ex. Omeprazole (Prilosec) Esomeprazole (Nexium)
51
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
- Treat depression, anxiety and related conditions - CNS ex. Paroxetine (Paxil) Sertraline (Zoloft)
52
Sympathomimetics
- Increase BP, HR, and cardiac output; constrict blood vessels - CV ex. Epinephrine (Adrenalin) Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
53
Tocolytics
- Decrease or eliminate uterine contractions during preterm labor - Endocrine and Genitourinary ex. Magnesium sulfate
54
Tricyclic antidepressants
- Treat depression, neuropathy and chronic pain syndromes - CNS ex. Amitriptyline (Elavil) Doxepin Desipramine (Norpramin)
55
Xanthines
- Bronchodilation - Respiratory ex. Theophylline (Uniphyl)

Chapt 10 Principles of Pharm (1 decks)

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