med comp. Flashcards
what is the therapeutic and pharmacologic class for albumin?
T: volume expander
P: blood product, colloid
what are some common side effects of albumin?
fluid overload, hyper/hypotension, increased salivation, flushing
what is the adverse effect of albumin?
pulmonary edema
what should be assessed before administration of albumin?
HGB/HCT, vascular overload, sodium, venous pressure
what patients should we use albumin cautiously with?
hepatic or renal disease
allopurinol therapeutic and pharmacologic class
T: anti-gout, antihyperuricemic
P: xanthine oxidase inhibitor
what SE can allopurinol cause if used IV
heart failure
what labs need to be monitored for allopurinol?
glucose, Hgb/Hct, BUN, creatinine, live function, uric acid
what should be avoided while taking allopurinol
alcohol
what type of patients is allopurinol used for
gout, nephropathy, chemo
what are the therapeutic and pharmacologic class for alteplase?
T: thrombolytic
P: plasminogen activator
when should we assess for bleeding with alteplase
q 15 min for the first hour then q hour
therapeutic class for amiodarone
antiarrhythmic (class 3)
what are some SE of amiodarone?
ARD, CHF, worsening arrhythmias
what needs to be assessed with amiodarone?
I/O, electrolytes, liver, ECG, angina
what is something uncommon amiodarone causes
blue skin discoloration
increase warfarin and digoxin levels
amiodarone
therapeutic and pharmacologic class for apixaban
T: anticoagulant agent
P: factor Xa inhibitor
what is apixaban used for
reduce risk of stroke and blood clots associated with AFib
atorvastatin therapeutic and pharmacologic class
T: lipid-lowering agent
P: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
what levels may increase with atropine
alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin
atropine therapeutic and pharmacologic class
T: antiarrhythmic
P: anticholinergic, antimuscarinics
side effects of atropine
ANTICHOLINERGIC +dilated pupils
therapeutic and pharmacologic for carvedilol
T: antihypertensive
P: beta blocker
SE of carvedilol
fatigue, bronchospasm, wheezing, HYPERglycemia
adverse reaction of carvedilol
bradycardia, HF, pulmonary edema, anaphylaxis
therapeutic and pharmacologic class of dobutamine
T: inotropic
P: adrenergic
SE of dobutamine
premature ventricular contractions, angina, hypersensitivity
where must dobutamine be administered
large vein or central line
what is dobutamine used for
to increase cardiac output without increasing heart rate
what are the therapeutic and pharmacologic class of epinephrine
T: antiasthmatic, bronchodilator, vasopressor
P: adrenergic
SE of epinephrine
nervousness, restlessness, arrhythmias, hypertension, hyperglycemia, tachycardia, wheezing
what needs assessed with epinephrine
volume, glucose, serum lactic acid, potassium, rebound bronchospasm, chest pain
therapeutic and pharmacologic class for epoetin
T: antianemic
P: hormone
SE of epoetin
MI, CHF, hypertension
what needs assessed with epoetin
renal: urinalysis, protein, BUN, creatinine, ferritin, transferrin (monthly)
therapeutic and pharmacologic for fluticasone + salmeterol
flu-
T: antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory
P: corticosteroid
Sal-
T: bronchodilator
P: adrenergic
se of fluticasone + salmeterol
hoarseness, trembling, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia
what needs monitored with fluticasone + salmeterol
children growth rate
therapeutic and pharmacologic for ipratropium bromide + albuterol
T: allergy, cold/cough, bronchodilator
P: anticholinergic
what allergy needs assessed for ipratropium
belladonna and atropine
therapeutic and pharmacologic for levofloxacin
T: anti-infective
P: fluoroquinolones
se of levofloxacin
pseudomembranous colitis, arrhythmias, tendonitis, tendon rupture
True or False, levofloxacin can be given to children under 18
FALSE
what does epoetin produce
RBC
fluticasone + salmeterol patients are at a risk of what
thrush
mannitol therapeutic and pharm
T: diuretic
P: osmotic diuretic
se of mannitol
transient volume expansion
meropenem classes
T: anti-infective
P: carbopenem
se of meropenem
seizures, watery diarrhea, unusual bleeding
what allergies need assessed before meropenem can be given
penicillin/cephalosporin
biggest concern with meropenem
diarrhea
T/P for methotrexate
T: antineoplastics, antirheumatic (DMARD), immunosuppressant
P: antimetabolites
pregnancy category X
se of methotrexate
diarrhea, stomatitis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, neuropathy
adverse reaction of methotrexate
pulmonary fibrosis, hepatotoxicity, steven-johnson, aplastic anemia
what should nurses advise patients about when taking methotrexate
causes teratogenic effect
montelukast T/P
T: allergy, cold, cough, bronchodilator
P: leukotriene
SE of montelukast
anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts
T of norepinephrine
T: vasopressor
what is norepinephrine used for
improve bp and cardiac output in cases of severe hypotension and shock
what can be given
to prevent norepinephrine necrosis/tissue sloughing
phentolamine
tetracycline T/P
T: anti-infective
P: tertracycline
SE/AR of tetracycline
SE: vestibular reaction/photosensitivity
AR: hepatotoxicity, pseudomembranous colitis, steven-johnson
what should be avoided when taking tetracycline
dairy
Who should not take tetracycline
children under 8 and pregnant
tiotropium T/P
T: bronchodilator
P: anticholinergic
SE of tiortopium
dry mouth, paradoxical bronchospasm, angioedema
where does tiotropium need stored
blister pack and do not expose to air
what is tiotropium used for
longterm management of bronchospasm due to COPD
